scholarly journals Justification of stone in construction materials bases and covers logging roads

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Кручинин ◽  
Igor Kruchinin
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Number ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
Logging Roads ◽  
Restraining Force

Justification of stone in construction materials bases and covers logging roads. These changes depending on the strength of stone material particles relative to the coordination number and change the contact forces between the particles when subjected to repeated cyclic loads. It was established that the limestone rubble strength of 400 is much more prone to crushing when the effects of multiple cyclic loads than solid dolomite and granite rub-ble. The increase in the restraining force between the particles due to the weak cementing stone materials ranged from 5 to 30 percent.

scholarly journals Study of the Behavior of Structural Materials Treated with Bioconsolidant

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5369
Author(s):  
Yolanda Spairani ◽  
Arianna Cisternino ◽  
Dora Foti ◽  
Michela Lerna ◽  
Salvador Ivorra
Keyword(s):  
Structural Materials ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Optical Photomicrograph ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
Artificial Stone ◽  
Non Destructive

In this article, the effectiveness of the bioconsolidation technique applied to degraded structural materials is illustrated as a new method of consolidation and conservation of the existing building heritage in a less invasive way. Satisfactory results have been obtained by an experimental campaign carried out through non-destructive diagnostic tests, static destructive mechanical tests, and microstructural analyses on a series of natural stone material specimens and artificial stone materials before and after the use of bioconsolidants. The consolidated specimens have been tested after three to four weeks after the application of the M3P nutritional solution on each specimen. The effect on the microstructure of this technique has also been observed using scanning electron microscope and optical photomicrograph, the formation of new calcium carbonate crystals promoting the structural consolidation of the materials under examination was observed in all the specimens analyzed.

scholarly journals Inspection and Numerical Analysis of an Ottoman Railway Bridge in Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin H. Almasri ◽  
Qusai Fandi Al-Waked
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Earthquake Loads ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Body Construction ◽  
Stone Material

The construction of bridges represents a big challenge, since they require enormous economic effort and specialized technical skills. Bridges were historically important as they help connecting people and thus diffusing cultures, sharing ideas, and providing the backbone of transportation networks. This study focuses on the inspection and structural analysis of a 20th-century Ottoman railway stone arched bridge located on the Hejaz railway network in Jordan. The bridge has a very important cultural heritage value which stems from its history. The bridge stone material was cut and tested to determine its strength, in order to be used in the analysis. The structural analysis was carried out to assess the structural condition of the bridge and its suitability for reuse. The study includes static analysis under gravity loads and seismic analysis under earthquake loads. Despite the existence of deterioration in the bridge body construction materials due to a combination of human and natural factors, the analysis results proved enough structural capability to sustain the imposed gravity loads, but not a strong earthquake.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF COAST PROTECTION CONSTRUCTIONS BUILT WITH THE USE OF RECYCLED CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND THEIR NEGATIVE IMPACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
M. I. Balzannikov ◽  
A. A. Mikhasek ◽  
Yu. M. Galitskova
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Bituminous Materials ◽  
Stone Materials

Different types of materials are used in hydraulic structures and coast protection constructions. These materials can be of natural (e.g. stone) and artificial origin (concrete, metal). The main trends typical for building construction now are as follows: cutting a share of natural materials and reusing waste products of dismantling construction objects. As a result of recycling it is possible to produce building materials that look like and have properties characteristic of natural stone materials, gravel, in particular. While gravel is being processed, it is possible to predict that it would obtain such characteristics as grade, frost resistance and strength. Reuse of recycled construction materials is a challenge, because this type of waste can hardly be reduced in volume and requires considerable space for burial. We propose to use gravel produced by processing in hydraulic engineering objects, i.e. in coast protection constructions. For that, we analyzed waste materials characteristics to justify their use in hydraulic structures. The research proved that strength of gravel produced by processing was sufficient enough. On the other hand, its frost resistance and fineness did not satisfy the requirements to materials used in coast protective structures. Besides, the construction of such structures causes water pollution as inert materials placed in waterbodies increase water turbidity. As a large part of the structure is located directly in the waterbody, during the period of the construction inert materials are supposed to be dumped. In this period the water body is filled with a significant amount of fine particles, which leads to an increase in turbidity at the construction site. Thus, we come to the conclusion that it is possible to reuse recycled construction materials in hydraulic engineering structures only on condition of their additional after-treatment processing. We offer to mix gravel produced by processing with cement mortal. As a result we obtain no-fines concrete, which is further processed by hot procedure (with bituminous materials). No-fines concrete can be produced in the form of precast units of 1,4×1,4×0,5 m. The use of prefabricated units will allow to avoid waterbody pollution and protect it from fine particles. Further processing by bituminous materials will enhance its frost resistance and reliability, which in turn will prevent contamination of the water body in the period of coast protection constructions usage.

Effect of Interparticle Friction on the Micromechanical Strength Characteristics of Three Dimensional Granular Media

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Karinate Valentine Okiy
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Principal Stress ◽  
Coordination Number ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Fabric Anisotropy ◽  
Granular Assemblies ◽  
Interparticle Friction

The role of interparticle friction on the micromechanical strength characteristics of granular assembly subjected to gradual shearing was analyzed. Three dimensional discrete element method (DEM) was applied in the simulation of quasi-static shearing of granular assemblies with varying interparticle frictional coefficients [µ= 0.10, 0.25, 0.50]. From the reported simulation results, analysis of the following was performed for varying interparticle frictional capacities.i. The normal and tangential stress contributions of weak and strong contacts to principal stress components.ii. Contribution of strong and weak contacts to principal and deviator stress.iii. Evolution of mechanical coordination number and fabric anisotropy of strong contact forces.From this analysis, it is safe to conclude that interparticle friction has a direct effect on the major and minor principal stress components in sheared granular assemblies. Consequently, increasing interparticle friction capacity enhances macroscopic shear strength in sheared granular assemblies. Likewise, at the peak shear strength of the sheared granular media, there exists a maximum fabric anisotropy of strong contact forces and this corresponds to a minimum value of mechanical coordination number (minimum possible number of load bearing contacts per particle).

scholarly journals An SPH Approach for Non-Spherical Particles Immersed in Newtonian Fluids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Kijanski ◽  
David Krach ◽  
Holger Steeb
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Solid Bodies ◽  
Fluid Solid Interaction ◽  
Modelling Approach

Solid particles immersed in a fluid can be found in many engineering, environmental or medical fields. Applications are suspensions, sedimentation processes or procedural processes in the production of medication, food or construction materials. While homogenized behavior of these applications is well understood, contributions in the field of pore-scale fully resolved numerical simulations with non-spherical particles are rare. Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) as a simulation framework, we therefore present a modelling approach for Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of single-phase fluid containing non-spherically formed solid aggregates. Notable and discussed model specifications are the surface-coupled fluid-solid interaction forces as well as the contact forces between solid aggregates. The focus of this contribution is the numerical modelling approach and its implementation in SPH. Since SPH presents a fully resolved approach, the construction of arbitrary shaped particles is conveniently realizable. After validating our model for single non-spherical particles, we therefore investigate the motion of solid bodies in a Newtonian fluid and their interaction with the surrounding fluid by analyzing velocity fields of shear flow with respect to hydromechanical and contact forces. Results show a dependency of the motion and interaction of solid particles on their form and orientation. While spherical particles move to the centerline region, ellipsoidal particles move and rotate due to vortexes formation in the fluid flow in between.

scholarly journals An SPH Approach for Non-Spherical Particles Immersed in Newtonian Fluids

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2324
Author(s):  
Nadine Kijanski ◽  
David Krach ◽  
Holger Steeb
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Solid Bodies

Solid particles immersed in a fluid can be found in many engineering, environmental or medical fields. Applications are suspensions, sedimentation processes or procedural processes in the production of medication, food or construction materials. While homogenized behavior of these applications is well understood, contributions in the field of pore-scale fully resolved numerical simulations with non-spherical particles are rare. Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) as a simulation framework, we therefore present a modeling approach for Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of single-phase fluid containing non-spherically formed solid aggregates. Notable and discussed model specifications are the surface-coupled fluid–solid interaction forces as well as the contact forces between solid aggregates. The focus of this contribution is the numerical modeling approach and its implementation in SPH. Since SPH presents a fully resolved approach, the construction of arbitrary shaped particles is conveniently realizable. After validating our model for single non-spherical particles, we therefore investigate the motion of solid bodies in a Newtonian fluid and their interaction with the surrounding fluid and with other solid bodies by analyzing velocity fields of shear flow with respect to hydromechanical and contact forces. Results show a dependency of the motion and interaction of solid particles on their form and orientation. While spherical particles move to the centerline region, ellipsoidal particles move and rotate due to vortex formation in the fluid flow in between.

scholarly journals Special Issue: “Ceramics and Construction Materials”

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4204
Author(s):  
Teresa Mangialardi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Reinforced Materials

The variety of material classes engaged for constructions is very wide, ranging from naturally occurring substances, such as stone materials and wood, to manufactured products such as inorganic binders, ceramic bricks, adhesives, metals, composites like concrete, bituminous or fibre-reinforced materials [...]

scholarly journals Automation of the stone materials dosing process, controlled by variable frequency drives

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Guillermo Morales-Romero ◽  
Nicéforo Trinidad-Loli ◽  
Adrián Quispe-Andía ◽  
Beatriz Caycho-Salas ◽  
Shirley Quispe-Guía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Variable Frequency ◽  
Production Loss ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Variable Frequency Drives ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
A Company

<p>The objective of this article is to determine to what extent the automation of the stone materials dosing process, controlled by sequential drive of frequency variators, contributes to improving the productivity of a company dedicated to the production of asphalt in Peru for which, initially, the characteristics of the procedure that will lead to achieving the automation will be described. The results will then be displayed with respect to the indicators used to compare productivity before and after automation. The automation will be done by means of the logo 230RE controller, which will be connected to three frequency inverters, the programming development will be through the logo soft comford V8 software, for the sequential actuation, timers with connection delay will be used. Applying the automation, it is possible to improve the annual efficiency by an average of 58.30%, this is reflected in the monthly decrease in production time by 13.92%, in turn increasing the amount of stone material produced by an average of 43.77%. Likewise, it is possible to significantly reduce the production loss capacity by an annual average of 93.99%.</p>

Design and Implementation of Stone Materials Information System

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 724-727
Author(s):  
Hao Rao
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
System Use ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
Sqlite Database

Stone Materials Information System use ActionScript to connect SQLite database. Information of stone materials, transaction, customer, employee can be stored by system. Several database tables are created in the system. Functions are used to complete data modification operations. Stone Materials Information System provides convenience for stone material transactions between the manufacturer and the customer.

scholarly journals PESQUISA E FORMAÇÃO ESPECIALIZADA EM CONSERVAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS PÉTREOS: DA ARQUITETURA À INDÚSTRIA LÍTICA; DA ARTE ACADÊMICA AOS OBJETOS DE ARTE MODERNA E CONTEMPORÂNEA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacy-Ara Froner ◽  
Luiz Antônio Cruz Souza
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Art History ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Specialized Training ◽  
Stone Conservation ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Specialized Education ◽  
Stone Material

ResumoSerra da Capivara (PI), Sambaquis Catarinenses (SC), a indústria lítica da tradição Umbu do sul do país (RS), muiraquitãs amazonas (AM), Congonhas e Inhotim (MG). A investigação no campo de conservação de materiais pétreos pode não ser a primeira coisa que vem à mente ao anunciar esses locais, e isso ocorre porque a pesquisa em Arquitetura, Arqueologia ou no campo da História da Arte nem sempre foca questões de materialidade e de preservação nos estudos acerca da cultura material. Este trabalho pretende fornecer uma visão geral da investigação sobre a conservação do patrimônio construído em pedra a partir de uma revisão da literatura. Do período entre guerras ao contexto atual, autores como Price & Doehne (2010), entre outros, têm alargado o debate em torno do tema e gerado um campo sinergético de estudos. Quais foram as mudanças substanciais ocorridas nas últimas décadas? Além de uma formação especializada decorrente do International Stone Conservation Course promovido pelo ICCROM desde 1976, inúmeros laboratórios, centros de pesquisas e programas de pós-graduação têm investido em estudos transdisciplinares como parte do pensamento complexo da ciência pós-moderna. Este pensamento abarca distintos atores dos mais diversos campos de pesquisa com o intuito de promover uma visão ampliada da área.Palavras Chave: formação em conservação, acervos líticos, materiais pétreosAbstractRESEARCH AND SPECIALIZED EDUCATION IN CONSERVATION OF STONE MATERIALS: FROM ARCHITECTURE TO LYTIC INDUSTRY; FROM ACADEMIC ART TO MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART OBJECTS. Serra da Capivara (PI-Brazil), Sambaquis Catarinenses (SC-Brazil), lithical industry of South (RS), muiraquitãs from Amazonas (AM), Congonhas and Inhotim (MG-Brazil). Research in the conservation of stone materials field is not the first thing that we think when we named these places, and it happens because the research in the field of architecture, archaeology and art history do not always focuses on materiality issues and conservation studies about of material culture. This work aims to provide an overview of research on the conservation of the heritage built in stone from a literature review. Authors such as Price & Doehne (2010), among others, have extended the debate on the issue and generated a synergetic field studies. What were the major changes that have occurred in recent decades in the field of stone conservation? In addition to specialized training due to the International Stone Conservation Course organized by ICCROM since 1976, numerous laboratories, research centers and graduate programs have endowed in transdisciplinary studies as part of the complex thinking of postmodern science. This thought includes various actors from several fields of research in order to promote an enlarged view of the area.Keywords: conservation training, lithic collections, stone material

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