THE OILSEED FLAX VARIETIES ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING OF RUSSIAN SELECTION IN KOSTANAI AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin ◽  
Тулькубаева ◽  
Saniya Tulkubaeva ◽  
Абуова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russia Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

The purpose of researches is isolation and selection of source material of flax and the best typical alife plants unable to further their involvement in the selection process. Linen oilseed is a valuable crops that are widely used in the industry. From it the oil and cheap vegetable protein for animal husbandry are made. Linseed contains up to 48% oil, which is used in the form of food and industrial raw materials for number of industries. Introduction of new varieties of flax, combining high productivity and drought resistance, is the main means of improving this crop yields. In the experiment on ecological strain testing it was studied 10 varieties of oil flax selection by All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops and Siberian Experimental Station of All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops. Standard is variety of Kustanaiskii yantar. The replication of experience fourfould, the method of comparison. The area of the plot – 40 m2. The seeding rate of 7 million seeds/ha. On average for the period 2009-2014 most were maturing varieties of flax Bizon, VNIIMK 620 – 76 days. The tallest are varieties Linol – 62 cm, Severnyi, Sokol – 60 cm. The optimal indexes on the structure of crop noted at sorts Severnyi (number of boxes on one plant – 45, number of seed in box – 9, mass of 1000 seed – 7.4 g) and the Legur (number of boxes on one plant – 54, number of seed in box – 8, mass of 1000 seed – 6.5 g). Highest productivity, higher standard, formed a varieties of oilseed flax Bison (yield – 16.8 c/ga, oil – 39.6%), Rucheek (yield – 14.2 c/ga, oil – 43.1%), Severnyi (yield – 14.0 c/ga, oil – 43.6%).

Protein-energy ratio for forage production efficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. Зезин ◽  
М. Намятов
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Research Institute

Исследования Уральского НИИСХ и опыт передовых хозяйств Свердловской области показывают, что для повышения эффективности и стабильности кормопроизводства необходимо в структуре кормовых культур увеличивать удельный вес высокобелковых, высокоэнергетических и засухоустойчивых культур, производить подсев многолетних трав ежегодно на площади не менее 60 тыс. га, а в перспективе 7080 тыс. га. За последние 7 лет (20112018 годы) площади люцерны в области увеличились в 2 раза (до 23 тыс. га), кукурузы по зерновой технологии в 2,4 раза (до 20,9 тыс. га) и масличных культур в 3,1 раза (до 30,8 тыс. га). Опыт СПК Килачёвский Ирбитского района показывает, что освоение научно обоснованных биологизированных севооборотов, прошедших изучение в стационарных опытах Уральского НИИСХ, позволяет ежегодно получать высокие и стабильные урожаи всех сельскохозяйственных культур. В этом хозяйстве каждая кормовая культура размещается в своём севообороте. В СПК Килачёвский и ряде других хозяйств Свердловской области большое значение придаётся возделыванию люцерны, кукурузы и масличных культур. Площадь этих культур в расчёте на одну корову мы назвали белковоэнергетическим коэффициентом (БЭК). Анализ показал тесную взаимосвязь между белковоэнергетическим коэффициентом и молочной продуктивностью. Так, в СПК Килачёвский в 2016 году при удое 10196кг БЭК был равен 1,25 в 2017 году удой достиг 10798кг, БЭК 1,43 в 2018 году соответственно 11493 кг и 1,47 при количестве коров 29002977 голов. According to the investigations conducted at the Ural Agricultural Research Institute and experience of the leading farms in the Sverdlovsk region high effectiveness and stability of Forage Production requires wide cultivation of droughtresistant crops rich in protein and energy as well as seeding over 60 thousand ha (in the future 7080 thousand ha) by perennial grasses annually. For the last 7 years (20112018) areas of alfalfa increased by 2 times (up to 23 thousand ha), grain maize by 2.4 times (up to 20.9 thousand ha), oil crops by 3.1 times (up to 30.8 thousand ha). SPK Kilachevskiy (agricultural production cooperative) reported that the use of approved crop rotations tested at the Ural Agricultural Research Institute resulted in annual high and stable yields of all the crops. SPK Kilachevskiy and other farms of the region widely grow alfalfa, maize and oil crops. Land area for the cultivation of these crops per one cow is called proteinenergy coefficient (PEC). Proteinenergy coefficient was shown to have a significant correlation with milk productivity. SPK Kilachevskiy reported that in 2016 PEC and milk yield reached 1.25 and 10196 kg in 2017 1.43 and 10798 kg in 2018 1.47 and 11493 kg, respectively under 29002977 cows.

Comparative evaluation of red clover genotypes with the “Pskovskiy mestnyy dvuukosnyy” variety

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
А.М. Мазин ◽  
Э.Э. Егги
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
North West ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Institute

В статье рассмотрены приёмы восстановления высокоурожайного сорта клевера лугового Псковский местный двуукосный селекции Псковского НИИСХ с целью возвращения его в сельскохозяйственное производство Северо-Западного региона РФ. Сорт Псковский местный двуукосный отличается высокой урожайностью, продуктивным долголетием и устойчивостью к неблагоприятным факторам среды. Имеет повышенный спрос у производственников Псковской области. Однако отсутствие семеноводства, проблемы с выдачей сортовых и посевных документов сдерживают его распространение. Большой интерес представляет использование данного сорта в селекционной работе. В 2018–2020 годах в питомнике ОП Псковского НИИСХ были изучены семь образцов этой культуры (П-101–П-107), полученных из хозяйств области. Посеянные семена собраны с неапробированных посевов предположительно сорта Псковский местный двуукосный, который возделывался в хозяйствах многие годы. Для сравнительного анализа оригинал сорта получили из коллекции ВИР (К-31744). В результате определения типа созревания образцов по количеству междоузлий на стебле и построения вариационных кривых образцы П-103, П-106, П-107 отнесли к позднеспелому типу клевера лугового, что указало на их несоответствие оригиналу. Наиболее близкими по этому показателю к оригиналу оказались образцы П-101, П-102, П-104, П-105. По морфологическим признакам наибольшее сходство с оригиналом имели образцы П-101, П-102, П-103. Методом SDS-электрофореза белковых спектров выявили три позиции, по которым исследованные образцы неапробированных посевов (П-101, П-102, П-103) отличались от К-31744. Для восстановления сорта Псковский местный двуукосный в качестве исходного материала перспективно использование образцов П-101 и П-102 как наиболее схожих с оригиналом по срокам созревания и морфологии. Метод SDS-электрофореза позволяет контролировать селекционные образцы на идентичность сортам клевера лугового. This article reports on the experiment aimed at improving the performance of red clover “Pskovskiy mestnyy dvuukosnyy” to be cultivated in the North-West region of Russia. The variety was bred at the Pskov Agricultural Research Institute and has high productivity, productive longevity and resistance to environmental stresses. This variety is well-known among the farmers in the Pskov region. However poor seed production together with paper issues have negative impact on its wide cultivation. “Pskovskiy mestnyy dvuukosnyy” is a valuable material for plant breeding. In 2018–2020 the Pskov Agricultural Research Institute collected seven red clover specimens (P-101–P-107) from the regional farms. The collected seeds potentially belonged to the “Pskovskiy mestnyy dvuukosnyy” variety. The original variety was obtained from the Federal Research Center N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) as a control (K-31744). As a result, P-103, P-106, and P-107 were shown to be long-seasoned and therefore differed from the control. P-101, P-102, P-104, and P-105 were more similar to the control in their maturation rate. However, P-101, P-102, P-103 morphologically were closer to the original variety. SDS-PAGE showed that P-101, P-102, and P-103 differed from the control (K-31744). P-101 and P-102 were used as parent material to improve “Pskovskiy mestnyy dvuukosnyy” since they were more similar to the one.

scholarly journals Measurement of degradation on under-utilized natural turf

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Krisztina Varga ◽  
István Csízi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Natural Turf ◽  
Salt Meadow ◽  
The University ◽  
Grazing Livestock ◽  
Research Institute

The role of turf serving animal husbandry is significantly declining with the decreasing number of grazing livestock in Hungary. Accordingly, the area of under-utilized or non-utilized turfs is increasing. At the University of Debrecen, Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm, Karcag Research Institute we studied four types of turf utilization in three repetitions on a salt meadow with Alopecurus pratensis. As a result of the performed examinations, we identified the composition of the flora structure on the investigated area and we measured carbon-dioxide circulation and soil moisture.

scholarly journals Perspectives of barley breeding for the conditions of the Volgo-Vyatka region (analytical review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
I. N. Shchennikova ◽  
L. P. Kokina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Key Factor

The article is devoted to the analysis of the structure of sown areas and characteristics of barley varieties zoned in the Kirov region for 2020. In 2019 in the Kirov region the varieties cultivated in production for more than 20 years had the largest specific weight – 50.1 % of the acreage occupied with barley. Those cultivated for more than 10 years had 36.1 %; from 5 to 10 years – 13.8 %. Certified sowings varied from year to year in percentage to the occupied area. There is a gradual decrease in unsorted sowings of barley from 3.0 thousand hectares in 2017 up to 1.18 thousand hectares in 2019. The areas sown with barley varieties bred in Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North East named N. V. Rudnitsky (FARC North-East) in the structure of sown areas in 2019 were from 21.5 % in the southern zone up to 57.8 % in the northern zone of the Kirov region. For the whole of the region the greatest distribution was recorded among Belarussian cultivars Zazersky 85 (39.3 % of the areas sown with barley), and cultivars bred in FARC North-East: Ecolog (10.8 %), Rodnik Prikamiya (7.1 %) and Novichok (7.0 %). In northern districts of the region the ratio changed: Ecolog – 27.2 %, Rodnik Prikamiya – 18.9 %, Novichok – 9.0 %, Zazersky 85 – 7.7 %. High productivity (4.22-4.79 t/ha in average), resistance to lodging and diseases characterize the zoned cultivars. The main disadvantage of barley assortment offered for zoning is the lack of stable yield and differences in duration of the growing season among the varieties. All cultivars belong to the group of mid-season, except for the mid-late cultivar Zazersky 85. The region is short of the sources of high-quality raw materials for forage production; only 30.7 % of all assortment of barley in the region are presented by cultivars with high grain quality (Ecolog, Belgorodsky 100, Rodnik Prikamiya and Pamyati Rodinoy). Currently, the trend for developing high-yield early, resistant to lodging and diseases barley varieties of high grain quality is to become the key factor in breeding work.

scholarly journals Economic and energy estimation of the effect of seeding rates of spring peas in the south of the Rostov region

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
S. A. Vasilchenko ◽  
G. V. Metlina ◽  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
N. S. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Germinating Seeds

For Russia, peas are traditional legumes, used both in the food industry for its excellent taste, and in animal husbandry for the high content of feed units and balanced protein, which allows reducing the cost of animals’ feeding. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the effect of the seeding rates of peas on its productivity, feed value of its beans, economic and bioenergetic cultivation efficiency. The current paper has presented the study results obtained in the laboratory for cultivation technology of row crops (FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”) in 2019–2020 where there was studied the effect of seeding rates on productivity of the middle maturing pea variety ‘Aksaysky Usatii 5’ of the Don breeding. The soil of the experimental plot was favorable for growing peas with 3.36% of humus in the arable, with 7.0 pH, 24.4 mg/kg of soil of P2O5, 360 mg/kg of soil of K2O. The studied seeding rates influenced yield structure elements of peas, protein percentage in seeds and yield of feed units. At seeding rates of 1.2-1.8 million of germinating seeds per hectare, there was an increase in protein percentage in seeds on more than 1.0% in comparison with the norms of 0.8-1.0 million of germinating seeds per hectare. In the same variants of the trial, the yield of digestible protein was at the level of 528-579 kg/ha, compared with that of 390-456 kg/ha when sown with a rate of 0.8-1.0 million of germinating seeds per hectare. The maximum productivity (2.07 t/ha) was recorded with a seeding rate of 1.4 million of germinating seeds per hectare. In the same variant of the trial, there were identified the maximum indicators of energy and economic efficiency, such as 2.07 of energy efficiency coefficient and 97.4% of profitability with the lowest production cost of 7600 rubles/ton.

scholarly journals Performance of Blackcurrant Cultivars Bred at I. V. Michurin All-Russia Research Institute for Horticulture

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Zhidyokhina ◽  
Olga Rodyukova ◽  
Valda Laugale
Keyword(s):  
Research Centre ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Russia Research Institute ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Research Institute

The breeding of blackcurrants in I. V. Michurin All-Russia Research Institute for Horticulture (ARRIH) has a history of 55 years. Joining of high productivity and quality of fruits, technological properties and resistance to abiotic and biotic stress in new generation cultivars are the main concepts in breeding of blackcurrants today. At the beginning of the 21st century, 11 new blackcurrant cultivars were developed: ‘Charovnica’, ‘Elevesta’, ‘Malenkii Princ’, ‘Tamerlan’, ‘Chernavka’, ‘Shalun’a’, ‘Karmelita’, ‘Sensey’, ‘Divo Zvyaginoy’, and ‘Talisman’ with black coloured fruits, and ‘Izumrudnoye Ozherel’e’ with green coloured fruits. The complex evaluation of the newly released cultivars ‘Lebeduscha’, ‘Lyubava’, ‘Malenkii Princ’, ‘Talisman’, ‘Tamerlan’, ‘Charovnica’, ‘Elevesta’ was performed during 2007-2012 at I. V. Michurin ARRIH. In 2004, several cultivars from the I.V. Michurin ARRIH breeding programme, namely ‘Charovnica’, ‘Elevesta’, ‘Malenkii Princ’, ‘Tamerlan’ and ‘Talisman’, were planted in the collection of Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Latvia, for evaluation of cultivar adaptability to local agro-meteorological conditions. The cultivars ‘Elevesta’ and ‘Talisman’ showed the best results among the tested cultivars

scholarly journals THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SUNFLOWER HYBRID ARNEB DEPENDING ON THE SEEDING RATE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Glushchenko ◽  
◽  
S.P. Podlesny ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Western Ciscaucasia ◽  
Research Institute

We carried out the research in 2020 under conditions of unstable moistening on ordinary chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia (Korenovsky district, the Krasnodar region) to study the effect of different seeding rates (providing plant density of 40, 60, and 80 thousand pcs/ha) on the productivity of a new mid-ripening hybrid of sunflower Arneb of the breeding of V.S. Pustovoit AllRussian Research Institute of Oil Crops. We established that an increase in the seeding rate of seeds from 40 to 60 and 80 thousand pieces/ha led to a decrease in productivity – from 2.77 to 2.76 and 2.66 t/ha and oil yield – from 1.12 to 1.10 and 1.07 t/ha, respectively.

AGROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE PERVYY VOLZHSKIY WINTER BARLEY VARIETY

1970 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N. V. Tupitsyn ◽  
R. А. Khakimov ◽  
V. N. Tupitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Research Institute

The State register of the selection achievements allowed to use on Volga-Vyatka and Middle Volga to regions since 2009 included a grade of winter barley Volga the First. Volga the first – multirow barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a kind of pallidum, it is received by method of individual selection of a selection sample 18, after mass death winter in 1994. The grade possesses unique adaptive properties, a powerful spring kushcheniye, proteinaceous formula of gordein which didn't meet in the territory of Russia and the former Soviet Union earlier. Long and various test, studying of a grade allows to draw a conclusion on possibility of its cultivation in the Central and Volga region regions of the country. A possible condition of success is the knowledge and observance of a high-quality agrotechnology. The new design of skating rinks and harrows is offered. Volga the First ripens for 10…15 days before summer barley and for 7…12 days before winter wheat. Grain protein content depending on the level of nitric food varies from 8,15% to 16%. The maximum productivity reached 104 c/hectare. During three years, research of Volzhskiy Pervyy cultivation technology were carried out in Kemerovo Agricultural Research Institute (West Siberian region) and during five years in Ulyanovsk Agricultural Research Institute (Srednevolzhskiy region). In the specific natural conditions were identified optimal timing, the rates of Volzhskiy Pervyy seeding. The authors consider it is possible to cultivate in the conditions of the Northen Forest Steppe, Kuznetsovskaya kotlovina When sowing in the second half of the third decade of August with a seeding rate of 5.0 million pieces / ha of еру germination seeds. The same conclusion was drawn in the Ulyanovsk Scientific Research Institute.

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