DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL TRANSPORT DISTANCE AND THE RATIONAL SPEED OF THE COMMUNICATION ON THE ROAD

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
Чирков ◽  
E. Chirkov ◽  
Дорохин ◽  
S. Dorokhin ◽  
Скрыпников ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Transport ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transport Distance ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost

This article describes the relevance of road transport under current conditions in the region of a transport hub. Established transit factor, let-conductive to determine the optimal value of the extra-urban transit from the total intensity-sti movement. Submitted economic calculations of the cost of work on transportation, taking into account speed limits. Recommended cost performance of all modes of transport that are formed on the main roads

scholarly journals PENERAPAN VALUE ENGINEERING (VE) PADA PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG KAMPUS II UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALANGKARAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hendra Cahyadi ◽  
Rida Respati ◽  
Galibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Value Engineering ◽  
Cost Difference ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Performance Constraints ◽  
Bored Pile ◽  
Structural Work ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Is Value

Menganalisa kembali sebuah perencanaan pembangunan gedung menjadi salah satu pilihan untuk menghemat biaya, namun masih sesuai ketentuan dan standar yang berlaku. Banyak alternatif yang digunakan untuk menghemat biaya-biaya dengan mengurangi atau menghilangkan biaya yang tidak diperlukan. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah value engineering (rekayasa nilai).  Value  Engineering  (VE)  dapat  didefinisikan  sebagai  sebuah teknik  dalam  manajemen  pendekatan  yang  sistematis  untuk  mencari keseimbangan fungsi terbaik antara biaya, kendala kinerja sebuah proyek serta mengurangi atau menghilangkan biaya yang tidak penting.Pada penelitian ini analisa VE dilakukan berdasarkan item yang dianalisis menggunakan distribusi Paretto, kemudian selanjutnya dilakukan analisa dengan beberapa tahap/ fase yaitu tahap informasi, tahap kreatif, tahap analisa dan tahap rekomendasi. Untuk Rancangan Anggaran Biaya dikelompokan lebih ringkas menjadi beberapa kelompok selanjutnya dilakukan distribus Paretto sehingga diperoleh item yang akan dilakukan Value Engineering yaitu Pekerjaan Struktur, Pekerjaan Dinding, Lantai dan Plafond serta Pekerjaan Saluran dan Ruas Jalan.Rancangan usulan yang diterapkan pada studi ini adalah penggantian item pondasi Konstruksi Sarang Laba-Laba menjadi Bored Pile ditambah dengan pekerjaan yang menyertainya sehingga diperoleh selisih biaya untuk pekerjaan struktur sebesar                 Rp. 435.419.421. Rancangan usulan pekerjaan dinding hanya mengganti  partisi  dinding  dari  Gypsum board 5 mm (kayu  kelas  II)  menjadi Triplek 6  mm sehingga   diperoleh selisih biaya sebesar Rp. 17.034.473. Rancangan  pada  pekerjaan  ruas  jalan  hanya  me-review  untuk  pemanacangan galam per- m2dengan selisih biaya Rp. 1.050.000.000. Berdasarkan perhitungankeseluruhan total biaya hasil yang diperoleh pada studi penerapan valueengineering  ini  relatif  kecil  yaitu  hanya berkisar 7,4% dari  total  kesuluruhanbiaya.Kata kunci: rancangan anggaran biaya, rekayasa nilai, gedungRe-analyzinga building development plan to be anoption to save costs, but still in  accordance with applicable terms  and standards. Many alternatives are used to save costs by  reducing or eliminating unnecessary  costs. One of the alternatives                             that can be used is value engineering (VE). Value Engineering (VE) can be defined as atechnique in the management of a systematic approach to finding the best balance of functions between cost, performance constraints of  a  project  and reducing  or eliminating unnecessary costs.In this research VE analysis is done based on the items analyzed using Paretto distribution, then next done by analysis with some phase/phase that is stage information, creative  phase, analysis phase  and recommendation phase. For the Budget Plan, it will bedivided into several groups, then distributed by Paretto so that the items will be done Value Engineering is Structural Work,Wall Work, Floor and Ceilingas wellas Channel and Road Works.The proposed draft applied in this study is there placement of the foundation of the Sarang Laba-Laba Construction to Bored Pile plus the accompanying work so that the cost difference for the structural work is Rp. 435,419,421. The proposed wall work only replaces the wall partition of Gypsumboard 5 mm (class II wood) into Triplek 6 mm so that the cost difference of Rp.17.034.473. The design on the road works is only reviewed for perforation of the 2nd marine with a cost difference of Rp.1.050.000.000. Based on th ecalculation entire of the cost of the results obtained in the study of the application of value engineering is relatively small that is only about 7.4% entire of cost.Keywords: budget draft, value engineering and building

scholarly journals A Theoretical Model with Which to Safely Optimize the Configuration of Hydraulic Suspension of Modular Trailers in Special Road Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Rubén Escribano-García ◽  
Marina Corral-Bobadilla ◽  
Fátima Somovilla-Gómez ◽  
Rubén Lostado-Lorza ◽  
Ash Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Automatic Testing ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
On The Road

The dimensions and weight of machines, structures, and components that need to be transported safely by road are growing constantly. One of the safest and most widely used transport systems on the road today due to their versatility and configuration are modular trailers. These trailers have hydraulic pendulum axles that are that are attached in pairs to the rigid platform above. In turn, these modular trailers are subject to limitations on the load that each axle carries, the tipping angle, and the oil pressure of the suspension system in order to guarantee safe transport by road. Optimizing the configuration of these modular trailers accurately and safely is a complex task. Factors to be considered include the load’s characteristics, the trailer’s mechanical properties, and road route conditions including the road’s slope and camber, precipitation and direction, and force of the wind. This paper presents a theoretical model that can be used for the optimal configuration of hydraulic cylinder suspension of special transport by road using modular trailers. It considers the previously mentioned factors and guarantees the safe stability of road transport. The proposed model was validated experimentally by placing a nacelle wind turbine at different points within a modular trailer. The weight of the wind turbine was 42,500 kg and its dimensions were 5133 × 2650 × 2975 mm. Once the proposed model was validated, an optimization algorithm was employed to find the optimal center of gravity for load, number of trailers, number of axles, oil pressures, and hydraulic configuration. The optimization algorithm was based on the iterative and automatic testing of the proposed model for different positions on the trailer and different hydraulic configurations. The optimization algorithm was tested with a cylindrical tank that weighed 108,500 kg and had dimensions of 19,500 × 3200 × 2500 mm. The results showed that the proposed model and optimization algorithm could safely optimize the configuration of the hydraulic suspension of modular trailers in special road transport, increase the accuracy and reliability of the calculation of the load configuration, save time, simplify the calculation process, and be easily implemented.

Determination of Resistance to Abrasive Wear. VIII. Influence of Softeners in Tests with the Akron-Croydon and Du Pont Machines

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
J. F. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Abrasive Surface ◽  
Abrasive Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abrasion Testing

Abstract These experiments indicate that softeners can influence abrasion resistance, as measured by laboratory machines, in some manner other than by altering the stress-strain properties of the rubber. One possible explanation is that the softener acts as a lubricant to the abrasive surface. Since this surface, in laboratory abrasion-testing machines, is relatively small, and comes repeatedly into contact with the rubber under test, it seems possible that it may become coated with a thin layer of softener that reduces its abrasive power. It would be interesting in this connection to try an abrasive machine in which a long continuous strip of abrasive material was used, no part of it being used more than once, so as to eliminate or minimize this lubricating effect. The fact that the effect of the softener is more pronounced on the du Pont than on the Akron-Croydon machine lends support to the lubrication hypothesis, because on the former machine the rate of wear per unit area of abrasive is much greater. Thus in the present tests the volume of rubber abraded per hr. per sq. cm. of abrasive surface ranges from 0.03 to 0.11 cc. on the du Pont machine and from 0.0035 to 0.0045 cc. on the Akron-Croydon machine. On the other hand, if the softener acts as a lubricant, it would be expected to reduce considerably the friction between the abrasive and the rubber and hence the energy used in dragging the rubber over the abrasive surface. The energy figures given in the right-hand columns of Tables 1 and 3, however, show that there is relatively little variation between the different rubbers. As a test of the lubrication hypothesis, it would be of interest to vary the conditions of test so that approximately the same amount of rubber per unit area of abrasive is abraded in a given time on both machines; this should show whether the phenomena observed under the present test conditions are due solely to the difference in rate of wear or to an inherent difference in the type of wear on the two machines. This could most conveniently be done by considerably reducing the load on the du Pont machine. In the original work on this machine the load was standardized at 8 pounds, but no figures are quoted to show how abrasion loss varies with the load. As an addition to the present investigation, it is proposed to examine the effect of this variation with special reference to rubbers containing various amounts and types of softener. Published data on the influence of softeners on the road wear of tire rubbers do not indicate anything like such large effects as are shown by the du Pont machine. This throws some doubt on the value of this machine for testing tire tread rubbers, a conclusion which is confirmed by information obtained from other workers.

scholarly journals Measures to optimize traffic and the environment. Calculations of environmental safety on a given section of the Rostov-on-Don road network

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
R. S. Durov ◽  
◽  
E. V. Varnakova ◽  
K. O. Kobzev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
On The Road ◽  
State Of The Environment

Introduction. One of the most pressing socio-economic problems is the state of the environment, which affects the living conditions of many people. The article deals with the problem areas of the intersection of 20-ya Liniya street – Sholokhov Avenue in Rostov-on-Don. Problem Statement. The purpose of this paper is to improve environmental safety at the intersection of 20-ya Liniya street – Sholokhov Avenue in Rostov-on-Don by reducing emissions from road transport through the proposed measures to reorganize traffic on this section of the road network. Theoretical Part. The article provides an assessment of environmental and road safety on the road network section before applying the proposed measures. The measures are listed and justified that would help improve the conditions for road transport at the selected intersection and reduce emissions from road transport, which would improve environmental safety. The calculation of environmental indicators was made after the proposed measures to reduce NOx emissions by cars. Conclusion. The article analyzes the environmental indicators before and after the events, and then compares them. Based on the analysis and calculations, it is determined how much the proposed measures to optimize traffic will help reduce NOx emissions by cars.

scholarly journals Consolidation of Cargos in the Road Transport as a Key Method to Success

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. A54-A61
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Łukasik ◽  
Aldona Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska ◽  
Jacek Kozyra ◽  
Sylwia Olszańska
Keyword(s):  
Time Horizon ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Whole Process

The problem of consolidation of goods for the provider of logistic services, which is a third part that delivers goods from many suppliers to one business client in time horizon was analysed in this article. Every parcel has a fixed date of reception in the source and delivery schedule in a destination. In the age of highly developed economy, time pressure and costs, outsourcing is a condition necessary to improve the functioning of enterprises. New logistic chains, networks of terminals and intermodal connections are built every year to reduce the transport costs and improve the whole process. In this article, the authors presented the benefits resulting from consolidation of cargos in the road transport. Special emphasis was put on determination of the role of the transport costs reduction using the cargo consolidation services.

scholarly journals Nine Recommendations for the Safety on Road both of the People and the Traffic Police

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Madhur Dev Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
The Road ◽  
The People ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Injured Patients

Safety of people and traffic police on road and the provision of prompt and appropriate treatment of injured persons in road accident are urgent concerns. The nine recommendations accordingly made are 1) Considering anyone who informs about or brings to the hospitals the accident victims as innocent until proved otherwise, 2) Annual payment by all vehicle owners (as per the cost of vehicles) to generate treatment fund for any road accident injured patients in the free general (not paying or private or extended health service) outdoor or emergency clinics or ward of the public hospitals irrespective of anyone’ fault in the accident (insurance or other agencies may be assigned to handle the amount deposited and reimbursement of the payments to the hospitals), 3) Implementation of helmet wearing by motorcycle riders and pillion riders in motorcycles, 4) Stricter fine for hazardous traffic offenses, 5) Drivers of the larger vehicles should not automatically be held responsible for any accidents involving other smaller vehicles (to prevent smaller vehicles and motorcycles to drive recklessly), 6) Drivers should not be just held responsible to bear health expenses of injured patients (which is much more than the compensation required in the event of death of injured persons); this is to encourage drivers to take injured persons immediately to hospitals and prevent inclination to allow their deaths indirectly or directly; the drivers should be proportionately fined or punished as per the traffic regulations if they are found to be negligent, 7) Safe and visible platform for the traffic police to stay on the road, 8) Provision of cost-effective respirators for traffic police and traffic supervisors, and 9) Compensation for occupational hazards to the traffic police and field traffic supervisors by distributing to them adequate proportion (e.g. one-third to one-half) of the fund collected by stricter fine paid for the hazardous traffic offences. Provision of various allowances, including for hazards, and benefits is a common practice in the country. Compensation for the occupational hazards of the traffic police provides incentives to and motivates them to remain vigilant about hazardous traffic offenses day and night everywhere and, thus, is essential for the safety of the people.   

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN DATA AIS-IRSMS UNTUK PREDIKSI KECELAKAAN MELIBATKAN SEPEDA MOTOR PADA RUAS JALAN DI KOTA SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zainul Arifin ◽  
Imma Widyawati Agustin ◽  
Sonya Sulistyono
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Accident Prediction ◽  
The Road ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Accident Estimation

Accidents of involving motorcycles in Surabaya tend to increase. Recorded from 2014 to 2016 were reached 721, 929 and 1,325 accidents. This phenomenon is certainly not beneficial for the community and road transport policy makers. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of motorcycle riders and accidents of involving motorcycles. This research further develops estimation of accident prediction involving motorcycle in Surabaya City. Accident data compiled from AIS-IRSMS to know the characteristics of users and accidents using the accidents approach. The research location was conducted in accident prone areas during January 2014 to February 2017 also using AIS-IRSMS. With the Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), the result of estimation of accident estimation involving motorcycle that is McA = 0.00225 Q1.030 e(0.034 S). Accidents of involving motorcycles are heavily influenced by the number of vehicles on the road and the speed of the vehicle. Kecelakaan melibatkan sepeda motor di Kota Surabaya cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Tercatat tahun 2014 hingga 2016 mencapai 721, 929 dan 1.325 kejadian kecelakaan. Fenomena ini tentunya tidak menguntungkan bagi masyarakat dan pengambil kebijakan terkait transportasi jalan raya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pengendara sepeda motor terlibat kecelakaan dan kecelakaan melibatkan sepeda motor. Lebih lanjut penelitian ini melakukan pengembangan estimasi prediksi kecelakaan melibatkan sepeda motor di Kota Surabaya. Data kecelakaan dikompulir dari AIS-IRSMS untuk mengetahui karakteristik penguna dan kecelakaan menggunakan pendekatan frekwensi kejadian. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan pada daerah rawan kecelakaan sepanjang Januari 2014 hingga Februari 2017 juga menggunakan bantuan AIS-IRSMS. Menggunakan metode Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), hasil penelitian diperoleh estimasi prediksi kecelakaan melibatkan sepeda motor yaitu McA= 0,00225 Q1,030 e(0,034 S). Kecelakaan melibatkan sepeda motor sangat dipengaruhi oleh banyaknya kendaraan di jalan dan kecepatan kendaraan.

TRAFFIC FLOWS MODELING WITH INACCESSIBLE FOR DRIVING ROAD SECTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Anastasiya N. Zhukova ◽  
◽  
Marina S. Shapovalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Network Formation ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
The Road ◽  
Model Modification ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Python Programming

Computerized traffic modeling makes it possible to find out the modification needs to assess the traffic flow on the roads and detect likely problem areas in order to take timely measures to eliminate them. Competent preparation of a road network formation plan based on the acquired information makes it possible to reduce the load on the road transport line, avoid traffic jams, and also reduce the average time spent by drivers on the roads. The macroscopic and microscopic models of the cars flow were analyzed by authors to implement the computer model. The article considered the model of the cellular automata by Nagel–Schreckenberg, with the author’s addition that takes into account the presence of the road sections inaccessible for driving in. The need to modify the lane change algorithm was implemented: the condition of the need to change the lane when car is meeting an inaccessible road section was added. And also the “polite” drivers algorithm for bypassing inaccessible areas with a high density of the traffic flows was proposed. Such a model is realized on Python programming language. An analysis of vehicles behavior with different traffic density and location of inaccessible road sections for two- and three-lane roads was carried out based on that model modification.

scholarly journals Macro Models of Casualties in Road Transport / Modelowanie Strat Osobowych W Transporcie Drogowym

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Model Design ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
On The Road

Abstract To ensure that road transport safety measures are effective and efficient, forecast tools should be applied to help with strategic decision-making. Models of road safety measures provide such tools. The paper presents a proposed macro model of road accident casualties. The proposed models of road accident fatalities are built from a database covering more than fifty countries worldwide. The concepts of model design can be used for developing factor-based models to describe strategic societal risk on the road networks of selected countries worldwide. One of the concepts was applied to model the number of road accident fatalities. The analyses used Smeed’s model and its modifications developed for the needs of this analysis.

Field Determination of Cargo-Deck Friction Coefficients

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos A. Romero ◽  
Miguel Marti´nez ◽  
Alejandro Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Road Segment ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
The Road ◽  
Kinematical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
On The Road

Friction between cargo and vehicle’s deck has been considered among the supplemental means for securing cargo. Although friction coefficients have been determined as a function of different influencing factors, such measurements have been performed under laboratory controlled conditions that simplify vehicle vibration and cargo-deck stiffness and contact characteristics. In this paper a methodology is proposed to quantify cargo-deck friction coefficients under realistic field conditions throughout the kinematical analysis of the stopping of the cargo-carrying vehicle by effects of dragging the cargo on the vehicle’s platform. The vehicle is located on an inclined road segment while the cargo is lashed to a fixed point on the road, in such a manner that the vehicle can travel a certain distance before the lashing becomes tensioned and the cargo starts stopping the vehicle. While average values for friction coefficients correlated well with those reported in the literature, standard deviations represented up to 33% of such average values.

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