Dynamics of lysozyme activity in rat’s offspring before and after birth in intact rats and rats with painful stimulation at the day before the birth

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (32) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Абрамова ◽  
Marina Abramova ◽  
Алексеев ◽  
Vladimir Alekseev ◽  
Бойченко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Painful Stimulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Intact Rats

Electrical painful stimulation of pregnant female rats at the day before the birth leads to an increased activity of lysozyme in rat’s offspring in the womb. No differences were found between lysozyme activity in the rat’s blood, which were born from intact female rats and female rats with electrical painful stimulation.

Dynamics of lysozyme activity in the blood of intact female rats and pregnant female rats before and after the labor

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (32) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Абрамова ◽  
Marina Abramova ◽  
Алексеев ◽  
Vladimir Alekseev ◽  
Бойченко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Painful Stimulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Immunity Factor ◽  
Term Labor

Labor pain can be the cause of the innate immunity factor, for example activity of lysozyme. It is the purpose of this research.Normative term labor in rats and labor with preceding electrical painful stimulation were accompanied with increase of lysozyme activity in the blood. The level of lysozyme activity was increased earlier and persisted longer in rats with painful irritation.

Leuprolide acetate affects intestinal motility in female rats before and after ovariectomy

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. G185-G190
Author(s):  
R. Khanna ◽  
R. M. Browne ◽  
A. D. Heiner ◽  
M. H. Clench ◽  
J. R. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Leuprolide Acetate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intact Rats

Leuprolide acetate, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue, is currently being proposed to control debilitating symptoms in women with functional bowel disease. Whether leuprolide alters gastrointestinal motility as part of its actions is unknown. This study was designed to assess, using myoelectric techniques in an animal model, the effects of leuprolide on potential mechanisms of neuromuscular function of small intestine. Female rats with (n = 6) or without (n = 8) bilateral ovariectomy were used to study jejunal motility before and after leuprolide therapy. Throughout the study, daily leuprolide dosages of 0.02, 0.2, or 0.4 micrograms/kg were injected into intact rats and 0.02, 0.2, 0.4, 1.0, or 2.5 micrograms/kg into ovariectomized rats. Recordings were made while the rats were fasted and postprandial and before and after leuprolide administration. Under control conditions, migrating myoelectric complexes (MMCs) were found in intact female rats, whether fasted or postprandial. After ovariectomy, postprandial controls and those treated with low-dose leuprolide (0.02, 0.2, and 0.4 micrograms) had typical fed-state patterns and no MMCs, but at 1.0 and 2.5 micrograms the fed state was inhibited and cycling MMCs occurred at a frequency similar to that of fasted controls. Reproductive hormones thus have a significant effect on gastrointestinal motility.

Release and synthesis of FSH by pituitary glands of female rats in vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. J. Jenner ◽  
J. de Koning ◽  
G. P. van Rees
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Basal Release ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Independent Synthesis ◽  
Intact Rats

Abstract. Anterior hemi-pituitary glands from intact female and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were incubated with or without a maximally effective dose of LRH. During an 8 h incubation, LRH-stimulated release of FSH by pituitary glands from intact rats was biphasic: an initial slow rate of release and, from 2 to 8 h, an enhanced rate of release. Basal release was low up to 4 h, after which a marked increase of the rate of release was measured: from 6 to 8 h there was no difference between the rates of basal and LRH-stimulated release. Basal and LRH-stimulated release of FSH by pituitary glands from OVX rats were high and approximately constant during an 8 h incubation. Both basal and LRH-stimulated release by glands from intact as well as OVX rats were protein synthesis dependent. During the incubations an LRH-independent synthesis of FSH was measured. The results suggest that this synthesis is involved, either directly or indirectly, in increasing the rate of basal release of FSH after 4 h. A comparison of release and synthesis of FSH with those of LH reveals characteristic differences.

Testosterone treatment of ovariectomized rats: Effects on lipolysis regulation in adipocytes

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni De Pergola ◽  
Agneta Holmäng ◽  
Jan Svedberg ◽  
Riccardo Giorgino ◽  
Per Björntorp
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Catalytic Unit ◽  
Uk 14,304 ◽  
Intact Rats

Abstract. The effects of testosterone treatment (2 mg every 14 days, for three months) on adipocyte lipolysis of intact (250-300 g body weight) and ovariectomized female rats were studied. Testosterone treatment of intact rats had no effect. Ovariectomy was followed by an increase in fat cell size and a decrease of lipolysis stimulated by isoproterenol, norepinephrine, epinephrine, forskolin, cAMP and isobutylmethylxantine. The number of βadrenergic receptors was reduced. There was, however, no change in the antilipolytic effects of UK 14,304 (alpha2-adrenergic agonist), nicotinic acid, N6-phenylisopropyladenosine or insulin. Testosterone treatment of ovariectomized rats restored the number of β-adrenoceptors and lipolysis stimulated by cAMP and isobutylmethylxantine, but not lipolysis stimulated by catecholamines and forskolin, suggesting a remaining defect in the catalytic unit of adenylate cyclase. These results indicate that ovariectomy is followed by a profound derangement of the lipolytic pathway at several levels, from β-adrenoceptors number to the triglyceride lipase activity. This is partially restored by treatment with testosterone, which, however, has no effect on intact female rats. This study emphasizes the importance of ovarian integrity for the lipolytic regulation and the inability of testosterone to replace ovarian function in this regard or to affect lipolysis in intact female rats.

Incidence, growth and oestradiol-receptor levels of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumours in rats: effects of neonatal sex steroids and oestradiol implants

1982 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Verhoeven ◽  
G. Vandoren ◽  
W. Heyns ◽  
E. R. Kühn ◽  
J. P. Janssens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Tumour Incidence ◽  
Tumour Induction ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Neonatal Administration ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Intact Rats

The effects of neonatally administered steroids on the sensitivity of the mammary gland to tumour induction by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene was studied as a model for delayed (de)differentiating effects of steroid hormones. Immediately after birth male and female rats were gonadectomized and treated with testosterone, oestradiol or oil. Control animals were left intact. On day 45 all the gonadectomized animals and some of the control animals received an implant which delivered continuous low levels of oestradiol. The carcinogen was administered on day 55. The administration of an oestradiol implant, which increased prolactin levels in all animals, markedly reduced tumour incidence in intact female rats and increased tumour incidence in intact male rats. Neonatal administration of testosterone or oestradiol did not significantly influence tumour incidence, histopathology or oestradiol responsiveness in neonatally gonadectomized rats but tended to decrease tumour oestradiol-receptor levels. This lack of effect of neonatal steroids in gonadectomized animals suggests that the effects observed by other authors in intact rats are mediated by changes in gonadal secretions. It is concluded that the hormonal environment during and after tumour induction plays a major role in the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinomas.

INHIBITION OF PROLACTIN SECRETION BY ERGOT ALKALOIDS

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nasr ◽  
O. H. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Ovine Prolactin ◽  
Medical Therapeutics ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Intact Rats

ABSTRACT The effect of various ergot alkaloids on prolactin (Pr) secretion in adult female rats was determined by radioimmunoassay. Ergocornine (ECO) and ergocristine (ECR) in doses of 0.25 to 1.0 mg lowered serum Pr markedly by 1 h with the effect persisting for 24 h at the larger doses. Several other ergots had similar effects while the dihydro derivatives had diverse responses. The pro-oestrous surge of Pr could be blocked by ECR or ECO without interfering with the oestrous cycle. ECO or ECR could suppress the rise in serum Pr induced by oestradiol benzoate (OeB) (5–50 μg) in oophorectomized rats. Perphenazine (PE) stimulation of Pr could be partially antagonized by ECO depending on dose and timing of injections. ECO 2 mg produced an abrupt cessation of lactation with concomitant fall in serum Pr, and ovine prolactin restored this function. Evaluation of pituitary Pr concentration in lactating and intact rats receiving ECO leads to the conclusion that release of Pr from the pituitary is affected. ECO 1 or 2 mg produced a regression of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced rat mammary tumours which could not be reversed by OeB 5 μg, with persisting low serum Pr. PE 1 mg was able to raise serum Pr and stimulated tumour growth. Several of the ergot alkaloids have a profound inhibiting effect on Pr secretion and may be used for studies on Pr action, as well as in medical therapeutics.

Neonatal testosterone potentiates stimulated prolactin secretion in adult oestrogen-primed rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Dyer ◽  
S. Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Neonatal Exposure ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Blood samples were collected from oestrogen-primed gonadectomized adult rats before and after electrical stimulation of the preoptic part of the hypothalamus. Six groups of rats were used for the experiments. These were (a) males castrated on the first day of life, (b) males castrated after puberty, (c) females ovariectomized after puberty and (d), (e) and (f) females given testosterone propionate at birth (1·25, 0·125 and 0·0125 mg/rat respectively). Neonatal exposure of the female rats to testosterone caused a dose-dependent increase in the amounts of prolactin released to levels significantly (P<0·01) higher than those observed in male animals and in untreated females. The results indicate that although neonatal testosterone inhibits oestrogen-stimulated prolactin secretion in adult rats, the neuroendocrine apparatus controlling secretion of the hormone is capable of being activated to greater effect after exposure to androgens at the time of birth. J. Endocr. (1986) 109, 57–60

Similar poststimulatory pressor responses with different mechanisms in response to excitation of the locus coeruleus before and after acute adrenalectomy

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1136-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Drolet ◽  
Pierre Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Intact Rats

Electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus in anesthetized rats evoked a biphasic pressor response consisting of an initial sharp rise in blood pressure at the onset of stimulation, followed by a second elevation after cessation of the stimulus. This response, which was accompanied by an increase in plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels, was stable and could be easily reproduced over time. Sympathectomy by administration of guanethidine selectively abolished the primary pressor response. β-Adrenergic blockade by intravenous administration of sotalol enhanced the secondary pressor response without affecting the primary component. Adrenal demedullation performed 24–48 h before the experiments selectively prevented the secondary pressor component. In contrast, acute adrenalectomy carried out during the experiment to impair the adrenomedullary secretions eliminated the secondary pressor response to stimulation of the locus coeruleus only in sympathectomized or in sotalol-treated rats but not in intact rats in which the response persisted. The latter, however, could be abolished by the administration of either guanethidine or sotalol, and it disappeared following repeated stimulation of the locus coeruleus. The study demonstrates that similar poststimulatory pressor responses with different underlying mechanisms can be elicited on excitation of the locus coeruleus before and after acute adrenalectomy in the rat. The results also suggest that intraneuronal adrenaline may be involved in the response evoked in acutely adrenalectomized animals.

Effect of an oral contraceptive on spontaneous running activity of female rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Fregly ◽  
R. E. Hughes ◽  
C. E. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Chronic Drug Administration ◽  
Percent Decrease ◽  
Intact Rats

Dietary administration of Enovid® at 7.5 mg/kg of food for 11 days to intact female rats reduced their cyclic running activity and induced changes in vaginal cytology characteristic of estrus. There was a linear relationship between the logarithm of the dose of Enovid® ingested and the percent decrease in running activity from the average observed before drug administration. Dietary administration of norethynodrel, one of the two components of Enovid®, at 7.5 mg/kg of food for 21 days decreased the magnitude of the running activity slightly but failed to affect its cyclic nature. In contrast, dietary administration of mestranol at either 0.125 or 0.54 μg/kg of food for 24 and 29 days respectively reduced running activity and increased the length of the estrus cycle. Hence, the effect of Enovid® on the running activity of intact rats is probably attributable to the mestranol contained in it. An apparent escape from the effects of chronic administration of mestranol on spontaneous running activity was observed from 20 to 30 days after beginning treatment with either dose used. The escape was characterized by a reinitiation of cyclic running activity during chronic drug administration. Elucidation of the mechanism of the escape phenomenon will require further study.

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