SPIRITUAL CONSISTORY AS A CHURCH COURT FOR PARISH CLERGY IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Матвеева ◽  
Evgeniya Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Corporate Character ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Parish Clergy ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Church

In the article gives the characteristic and the importance of the Spiritual Consistory as the highest church judicial body for the parish clergy in the Russian Empire based on the content of legislative acts regulating the activities of Orthodox Russian church periodicals, archival documents, as well as interpretations and perceptions of modern scientists. Methodological basis of the research is essential principles of history science, such as consistency, Historicism, interdisciplinary and scientific objectivity that allow to review the studied facts and events in the dynamics and interactions. Consideration of the key issues is done within the context of dichotomy of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian State as a whole and on the basis of the development of the overall social policy in particular. The article deals with the powers and competence of the ecclesiastical courts of the Russian Empire in the 19th and early 20th century. This period, XIX-beginning of XX century, is characterized by the desire of the State to control the Church and its activities, including those directed towards identifying ethos of professional suitability and clergy. The author proves that trial was closed against the clergy and had corporate character.

Mission Delayed: The Russian Orthodox Church after the Conquest of Kazan'

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-540
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Romaniello
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Active Period ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Church

Muscovy's active period of eastward expansion began with the conquest of the Khanate of Kazan’ in 1552. By the seventeenth century, one observer claimed that the conquest of Kazan’ was the event that made Ivan IV a tsar and Muscovy an empire. With this victory, the tsar claimed new lands, adding to his subjects the diverse animistic and Muslim population of Turkic Tatars and Chuvashes, and Finno-Ugric Maris, Mordvins, and Udmurts. The conquest of Kazan’ provided both the Metropolitan of Moscow and Ivan IV (the Terrible) an opportunity to transform the image of Muscovy into that of a victorious Orthodox power and to justify the title of its Grand Prince as a new caesar (tsar). Since the conquest was the first Orthodox victory against Islam since the fall of Constantinople, commemorations of it were immediate, including the construction of the Church of the Intercession by the Moat (St. Basil's) on Red Square.The incorporation of the lands and peoples of Kazan’ has served traditionally to date the establishment of the Russian Empire. Accounts of the conquest have emphasized the victory of Orthodoxy against Islam, with the Russian Orthodox Church and its Metropolitan as the motive force behind this expansion. The conversion of the Muslims and animists of the region is portrayed frequently as automatic, facing little resistance. More recently, scholars have criticized this simplistic account of the conquest by discussing the conversion mission as a rhetorical construct and have placed increasing emphasis on the local non-Russian and non-Orthodox resistance to the interests of the Church and state.

scholarly journals Library Outreach Activities of Trusteeship of People’s Sobriety in the Orel Province in late XIX - early XX century

2015 ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
O. O. Borisova ◽  
N. A. Merenkova
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Russian Empire

There is considered the experience of trusteeship of people’s sobriety in organizing free public libraries and reading rooms, in conducting educational activities in Orel province in late XIX - early XX century. Since late nineteenth century the Russian State and the Russian Orthodox Church, realizing that the main cause of alcoholism is the low level of spiritual and moral life of the nation, have joined their forces to address this problem. Together they built an integrated system of education and upbringing of people in the spirit of sobriety and piety by creating trusteeships of national sobriety. Analysis of data on the number of libraries organized by the trusteeships of people’s sobriety on the territory of the Russian Empire in 1902-1910, allows to conclude that the greatest number of the trusteeship libraries functioned in the years 1905-1906. In 1906-1909, their number decreased. Among 3915 trusteeship libraries in 1910, 70% were affiliated at different institutions, 11% were placed in specially hired premises and 19% at guardianship institutions, mainly in teahouses. In total, there are identified 128 libraries, opened by trusteeships in the Orel province. Library and educational activity of trusteeships of people’s sobriety in the Russian Empire in late XIX - early XX century gives the possibility of using the historical experience for interaction of the local governments, social movements, and libraries for the purpose of maintenance of temperance in modern conditions.

scholarly journals Social Mobility and the Russian Parish Clergy in the Eighteenth Century

Slavic Review ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-662
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Freeze
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Secular Culture ◽  
Russian State ◽  
New Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parish Clergy ◽  
The Church

The eighteenth century marked a crucial new period in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church. In Muscovy the church had been an institution of paramount importance: it possessed enormous wealth, exercised considerable influence on the theocratic politics of Muscovy, and held a virtual monopoly over culture and art. During the eighteenth century, however, this awesome power and wealth all but vanished. The secularized state wrought fundamental changes in the church: it replaced the patriarch with a more tractable Synod, gradually exploited and finally sequestered the church's lands and peasants, and in general transformed the church into an “integral part of the Russian state structure and administration.” The church's ascendancy was correspondingly weakened in both society and culture. The ecclesiastical leadership made little headway against the abiding problems of superstition and paganism, and it failed to stem the spread of the Old Belief and of secular culture throughout the population.

History and contents of the Podolsk Diocesan Gazette

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
Владислав Дзюбинский
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Parish Ministry ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Church

Подольские епархиальные ведомости - это один из журналов, которые начали издаваться в середине XIX века в каждой епархии Русской Православной Церкви. Эти издания имеют огромную историческую ценность для современного историка, так как достаточно дают возможность глубоко познакомиться с бытом, проблемами и интересами православного духовенства и мирян провинциальной России середины XIX - начала XX века. Данная статья является кратким исследованием по истории церковного журнала «Подольские епархиальные ведомости» - официального периодического издания Подольской епархии. Территориально епархия находилась на юго-западе Российской империи и была создана после раздела Речи Посполитой и присоединения этого края к России. В журнале помещались официальные указы Синода и правящего архиерея, епархиальная хроника, печатались статистические данные церквей, приходов и монастырей, заметки по истории и богословию, помещались лучшие проповеди духовенства, обсуждались вопросы духовного образования, богослужебные вопросы, бытовые, сельскохозяйственные и многое другое. Авторами журнала были как правящий архиерей, так и сельские священники, которые также получили возможность поднимать вопросы, непосредственно касающиеся их приходского служения. В контексте общего состояния печати в Российской империи, в данной статье исследуется цель издания, история создания программы, тематика и рубрикация статей «Подольских епархиальных ведомостей», прослеживается вклад правящих архиереев в процесс их издания, освещаются имена главных редакторов и основных авторов журнала. Podolsk diocesan Gazette is one of the journals that began to be published in the mid-19th century in every diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church. These publications are of great historical value to the modern historian, as they provide an opportunity to get acquainted with the life, problems and interests of Orthodox clergy and laity of provincial Russia in the middle of XIX - early XX centuries. This article is a brief study of the history of the church magazine "Podolsk diocesan Gazette" - the official periodical of the Podolsk diocese. Territorially the diocese was located in in the southwestern part of the Russian Empire and was created after the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the annexation of this territory to Russia. The magazine contained official decrees of the Synod and the ruling bishop, a diocesan chronicle, and statistical data on churches, parishes, and monasteries, notes on history and theology, the best sermons of the clergy, discussed spiritual education, liturgical issues, domestic, agricultural issues, and more. The magazine's authors included both the ruling bishop and village priests, who also had an opportunity to raise issues directly related to their parish ministry. In the context of the general state of the press in the Russian Empire, this article examines the purpose of the publication, the history of the program, the themes and rubrication of articles of the Podolsk eparchial gazette, traces the contribution of the ruling bishops in the process of their publication, and highlights the names of the editors and the main authors of the magazine.

Court Singing Capella and Divine Рractice of the Russian Orthodox Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Константин Рева
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liturgical Practice ◽  
Church Split ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

В настоящей статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть влияние Придворной певческой капеллы на развитие богослужебной практики Русской Православной Церкви в Синодальный период. После церковного раскола XVII в. продолжающееся развитие богослужебной практики не находило отражения в корпусе богослужебных книг. В XVII в. в Русской Церкви было два практически равновеликих по значению образцовых столичных хора: хор патриарших певчих дьяков и хор государевых певчих дьяков. С упразднением патриаршества и переносом столицы в Санкт¬-Петербург в Синодальный период истории Русской Православной Церкви Придворная певческая капелла стала главным церковным хоровым коллективом, основной обязанностью которого было пение за богослужением в придворных церквях. В XIX в. Придворная певческая капелла была на делена особыми административными правами в церковно-¬певческой сфере, связанны ми с цензурой церковно-¬певческих произведений и подготовкой церковных регентов. Исключительные права по изданию церковно¬-певческих книг в Русской Православной Церкви, закрепленные Святейшим Синодом за Придворной певческой капеллой, стали причиной широкого распространения литургических особенностей богослужения придворных церквей в Российской империи. Практика обязательной аттестации церковных регентов Придворной певческой капеллой усилила распространение не только её церковно-¬музыкальной традиции, но и придворного литургического порядка, что оказало существенное влияние на практику совершения кафедрального и приходского богослужения. Изучение богослужебной практики Русской Православной Церкви в XVIII-XX вв. немыслимо без учёта деятельности и наследия Придворной певческой капеллы. This article attempts to consider the influence of the Court Singing Chapel on the development of divine practice of the Russian Orthodox Church during the synodal period. After the Church split of the 17th century, the continuing development of liturgical practice was not re flected in the corpus of liturgical books. In the XVII century the Russian Church had two almost equal in importance exemplary Metropolitan choirs: the choir of Patriarchal singing deacons and the choir of sovereign singing deacons. With the abolition of the Patriarchate and the transfer of the capital to Saint Petersburg during the Synodal period of the history of the Russian Orthodox Church, the Court singing Capella became the main Church choral group, whose main duty was to sing at divine services in the court churches. In the 19th century, the Court singing chapel was giv en special administrative rights in the Church singing sphere related to the censorship of Church singing works and the training of Church Regents. The exclusive rights to publish Church sing ing books in the Russian Orthodox Church, which were assigned by the Holy Synod to the Court singing chapel, caused a wide spread of liturgical features of the service of court churches in the Russian Empire. The practice of mandatory certification of Church Regents by the Court singingchapel has increased the spread of not only its Church music tradition, but also the court liturgical order, which has had a significant impact on the practice of performing Cathedral and parish ser vices. The study of the liturgical practice of the Russian Orthodox Church in the XVIII-XX centuries is unthinkable without taking into account the activities and heritage of the court singing chapel.

scholarly journals Splits and sects in the Azov region and the authorities of the Russian Empire: Failed compromise in the nineteenth century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-489
Author(s):  
Tamara S. Olenich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article discusses the features of the emergence and spread of sectarian organizations and Old Believer communities in the Azov region in the 19th century. It is shown that the processes of the spread of sectarian organizations century were very active, which is explained by the fact that sectarian organizations had a broad social base and expanded dynamically, despite restrictions from the official government. The laws in force at that time limited the activities carried out by the Russian Orthodox Church in counteracting the process of promoting sectarian teachings at that time. The article illustrates that some of the representatives of sectarianism disguised themselves as Orthodox and compactly lived within the boundaries of church parishes. Proselytizing sectarianism was especially active in the territory of the Yekaterinoslav province by organizations such as the Molokans, Khlysts, Skoptsy, Old Believers, and others. This article characterizes the prevailing political and legal conditions for the spread of the sects, as well as the features of the system of religious relations that have developed in the region. On the basis of archival data, the number of such sects as the Molokans, the Whips, the Old Believers and the Evangelists, etc., was studied. The specificity of religious relations between representatives of different religious groups in the Azov region is analyzed within the framework of a unique phenomenon — a polymodel system of the interfaith relations.

scholarly journals Святитель Георгий (Конисский) 20.11.1717 ― 13.02.1795

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-149
Author(s):  
Antoni Mironowicz
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article is dedicated to the 300th anniversary of St. Georgy Konisky Bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, Archbishop of Mogilev, Mstislavl and Orsh. Philosopher, teacher, theologian and public figure of the Commonwealth, and then the Russian Empire.

scholarly journals The Italian Path of the Slavophile S. P. Koloshin, Correspondent of F. M. Dostoevsky: Archival Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-118
Author(s):  
Irina V. Dergacheva
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Body ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
First Time

The article presents the results of an archival search for information regarding Sergey P. Koloshin, a publicist and the publisher of the <i>Zritel obschestvennoy zhizni, literatury i sporta</i> (<i>Spectator of public life, literature and sports</i>) magazine, who went bankrupt in 1863. In the 1860s, he lived in Italy, attempted to collaborate with the <i>Epokha</i> (<i>Epoch</i>) magazine, corresponded with the brothers M. M. and F. M. Dostoevskys, and died on November 27, 1868 in Florence. The discovered documents allow to clarify the time and circumstances of his death. The Russian Empire’s Foreign Policy Archive contains a file regarding the assignment of the transportation the body of the deceased to Milan for burial in the columbarium to Mikhail Orlov, the Archpriest of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Christ and St. Nicholas in Florence, who already performed the rite of blessing S. Koloshin. The latter was also entrusted with fulfilling the last will of the deceased, completing his settlements on this Earth, including those with the owner of his rented residence. Her receipt for money received indicates the address of Koloshin's residence in Milan, which is significant in connection with the search for his archive, which probably includes the letters of Dostoevsky. The article also introduces the encrypted telegrams of the Russian mission to Turin into scientific circulation for the first time. These telegrams are signed by the name Koloshin (Kolochine), and the authors suggest that they belong either to Sergey’s brother, Dmitry Pavlovich, junior secretary of the Russian mission in Brussels, or to Ivan Petrovich Koloshin, Resident Master of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire, cousin of S. P. Koloshin. He could have also provided the documents from the personal archive of S. P. Koloshin, which likely included letters from Dostoevsky.

scholarly journals Annual Reports of the Omsk and Orenburg Bishops to the Holy Synod as a Source of the History of Orthodoxy in the Steppe Territory of the Russian Empire (Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unique Source ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article analyzes the structure and information potential of the annual reports on the conditions of the Orenburg and Omsk dioceses to the Holy Synod, prepared science 1870 to 1917. It is emphasized that this set of paperwork is a unique source on the history of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Central Asian outskirts of the Russian Empire and reflects virtually all spheres of life and activities of the dioceses, their institutional and administrative-territorial development, processes of the deanery, church, parish, church and monastery construction. The information capabilities of the reports make it possible to reconstruct a whole range of social, economic, demographic, and migration processes that took place within the boundaries of a particular diocese. That is why the author assigns diocesan reports to the type of “mixed type” paperwork on the basis that they contain information of a normative, narrative and statistical nature. Analysis of reports on the state of the Orenburg and Omsk dioceses allow us to conclude that the 1880s the first decade of the 20th century began a period of active development in the Steppe Territory institutions, the administrative-territorial management system of the Russian Orthodox Church. This was largely due to a sharp increase in the number of Orthodox population in the region, mediated by mass peasant migration.

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