Industrial construction. Buildings and constructions. Corrosion protection and ecology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Zhukov ◽  
Vladimir Astashkin ◽  
Vil'en Zholudov ◽  
Vyacheslav Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Training System ◽  
Industrial Construction ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modern Experience ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

This monograph summarizes the modern experience of protection of industrial buildings and structures against aggressive impacts are considered characteristic of corrosion processes under the action of liquid, solid and gaseous environments on the main building materials. Provides a system of regulating the degree of aggressiveness for different parts of buildings and constructions basic provisions for the selection of chemically resistant structures and materials, design methodology section corrosion protection. Systematic design methods of protecting groundwater and soil against aggressive and toxic media, the methods of accounting for the cost of corrosion protection as applied to building elements. Designed for a wide range of engineering-technical workers (ITR), related to design, construction and exploitation of constructions and structures. Can also be used as a textbook for technical schools, colleges and training system engineers.

Prescreening in large populations as a tool for identifying elevated CO2-responsive genotypes in plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Shimono ◽  
Graham Farquhar ◽  
Matthew Brookhouse ◽  
Florian A. Busch ◽  
Anthony O'Grady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Active Selection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) can stimulate the photosynthesis and productivity of C3 species including food and forest crops. Intraspecific variation in responsiveness to e[CO2] can be exploited to increase productivity under e[CO2]. However, active selection of genotypes to increase productivity under e[CO2] is rarely performed across a wide range of germplasm, because of constraints of space and the cost of CO2 fumigation facilities. If we are to capitalise on recent advances in whole genome sequencing, approaches are required to help overcome these issues of space and cost. Here, we discuss the advantage of applying prescreening as a tool in large genome×e[CO2] experiments, where a surrogate for e[CO2] was used to select cultivars for more detailed analysis under e[CO2] conditions. We discuss why phenotypic prescreening in population-wide screening for e[CO2] responsiveness is necessary, what approaches could be used for prescreening for e[CO2] responsiveness, and how the data can be used to improve genetic selection of high-performing cultivars. We do this within the framework of understanding the strengths and limitations of genotype–phenotype mapping.

A brief review on the erosion-corrosion behavior of engineering materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Kuruvila ◽  
S. Thirumalai Kumaran ◽  
M. Adam Khan ◽  
M. Uthayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Erosion Corrosion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe efficiency of industry depends upon the working conditions of the equipment and components used in the industrial process. The biggest problems faced by the industries are the problems of erosion and corrosion. The harmful effects of corrosion will lead to material loss, which results from the degradation of the equipment. The degradation of the equipment will cause the breakdown of the plant; moreover, it is a threat to the safety of people, and also from the point of conservation, it can cause the exploitation of available resources. The cost of replacing equipment increases the expense, and it can also result in the temporary shutdown of the plant. The protection of surfaces from the adverse effects of corrosion and erosion-corrosion is a matter of great concern in most industrial applications. Advancements in technology provides a wide range of techniques to overcome adverse conditions. The selection of appropriate technology must be from the viewpoint of their interaction with the environment. This review paper addresses the adverse effects of erosion-corrosion in the present scenario.

scholarly journals The economic and technological efciency of building producton in view of contemporary industrial building materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Tsapko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Methodological Problem ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Efficiency of construction production, economic category, expressing the achievement of construction and installation organizations the greatest result of production while minimizing the cost of material and labor resources. This publication examines the possibility of improving the efficiency of construction production through the use of innovative building materials and methods of their application. The methodological problem of the use of building materials, their choice depending on the long-term economic prospects. The questions of risk and uncertainty in the selection of effective building materials are considered.

scholarly journals Optimization of Building Components with Sustainability Aspects in BIM Environment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Khanzadi ◽  
Ali Kaveh ◽  
Mohammad Rastegar Moghaddam ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Pourbagheri
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Procurement Cost ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Selection Of

In recent decades, the variety of building materials has grown a great deal causing the selection of suitable materials from a wide range of candidates to be complex and difficult. One of the main criteria to be considered in this area, besides reducing procurement cost, is paying attention to various aspects affecting the dimensions of sustainable development, such as increasing energy saving, applying recyclable materials and localization.This paper proposes a framework in the BIM environment - as one of the successful approaches in the AEC industry - which allows the project stakeholders to choose the most desired and optimal combination for their building components with least human interference in the selection process makes systematic choices. In order to achieve the purposes embedded in the framework phases, several methods such as ENSCBO, DEA and VIKOR have been utilized in order to evaluate and depict the selection process, this is implemented as a Revit plugin and eventually applied to a case study.

scholarly journals Predictive model of the dependence of the cost of insulation on thermal characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 04018
Author(s):  
Olga Gamayunova ◽  
Anton Radaev ◽  
Mikhail Petrichenko ◽  
Raimond Bogdanivics
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

In the market of building materials today there is a large selection of various thermal insulation materials, differing in cost, thermal conductivity and other characteristics. This article describes the predictive model of the cost of insulation from thermal characteristics, such as: thickness, thermal conductivity, (average) density, water absorption and combustibility group. The coefficient of determination was used to assess the quality of the obtained economic-mathematical model. The described predictive model can be effectively used to solve problems associated with determining the optimal characteristics of insulation by the criterion of minimizing cost.

scholarly journals Data Quality Control Based on Self-Consistency

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
pp. 3974-3991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhold Steinacker ◽  
Dieter Mayer ◽  
Andrea Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Temporal Consistency ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Conducting meteorological measurements, one is always confronted with a wide variety of different types of errors and with the decision of how to correct data for further use, if necessary. The selection of an adequate quality control (QC) procedure out of a wide range of methodologies depends on the properties of the observed parameter such as spatial or temporal consistency. But the intended data application (e.g., model-independent data analysis) or the availability of prior knowledge also has to be taken into account. The herein-presented self-consistent and model-independent QC process makes use of the spatial and temporal consistency of meteorological parameters. It is applicable to measurements featuring a high degree of autocorrelation with regard to the resolution of the observational network in space and time. The presented QC procedure can mathematically be expressed as an optimization problem minimizing the curvature of the analyzed field. This results in a matrix equation that can be solved without needing to converge iterations. Based on the resulting deviations and, if applied, on their impacts on the cost function, station values are accepted, corrected, or identified as outliers and hence dismissed. Furthermore, it is pointed out that this method is able to handle complicated station distributions, such as clustered stations or inhomogeneous station densities. This QC method is not only an appropriate tool for case studies but also for model validation and has been proving itself as a preprocessing tool for operational meso- and micrometeorological analyses.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PREFERENCE OF PRIVATE HOSPITALS TO PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN OMAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikha Mohammed Ali Al-Balushi ◽  
M Firdouse Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Periodic Inspection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose: The objectives of the study are to analyze the factors which influence patients to go to private hospitals against public hospitals of Oman and to analyze the expectations of patients from the integrated public hospitals in Oman.Design/methodology/approach: The study was carried out with a well-defined questionnaire through which 251 survey samples were collected on a random sampling basis.Findings: The results of the study reveal that there is an association between the selection of hospital and services and the cost of the services offered in the hospital and it is found that the cost of services incurred makes an impact in the selection of hospital for medical treatment. The study also revealed that in private hospitals patients could easily approach anyone including the reception staff and all are helpful, and the private hospitals are equipped with modern equipment, and doctors treat patients in a friendly manner.Research limitations/Implications: The majority of the population taken for the study are aged above 20 years, and the samples were collected from selected regions of Oman, and wide range collection of samples from all the regions will help to improve the solution.Social implications: The study suggests that sufficient medicines should be provided in all the public health centers and periodic inspection should be conducted at regular intervals to improve the standards of the public health Centers and Government Hospitals concerning cleanliness, treatments and the front line services.Originality/Value: No study has examined the causes for the hospital selection delay in the construction projects of Oman, and it is a first-hand study of its kind and the results will be useful to the stakeholders.

scholarly journals Design and fabrication of low-cost micromachining system for prototyping printed circuit boards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhinesh S K ◽  
◽  
Senthil Kumar K L ◽  
Megalingam A ◽  
Gokulraj A P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) have a portentous position in constructing modern electronic equipment. Currently, chemical etching is the process used to produce PCBs at huge volumes, which is not suitable for preparing prototypes. The working environment is also not an encouraging one. There is no economical way to manufacture PCBs in low volumes, which is the basic requirement for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). Prototyping the desired circuit boards, prior to the mass production, is essential to avoid major losses by producing faulty designs. Developing a low-cost machine for prototyping PCBs may overcome these drawbacks. Hence, in this work, a machine capable of performing PCB mechanical milling operation on wide range of materials like copper/epoxy boards and flexible substrates has been developed. The machine developed is capable of milling lines that are 0.3 mm in width and 0.46 mm in depth. The performance of the machine reveals that it can mill any complex shapes and designs with expected accuracy. Selection of hardware components according to the needs would reduce the cost and programming snag further, which makes it affordable to SMEs.

scholarly journals Approaches to evaluation of changes in capital structure in industrial branches

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Landa ◽  
Dana Martinovičová
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Capital structure is described as a relation between equity and debts while the mutual consequences among items of company’s assets and resources employed as well as the cost of capital are also taken into account. Both, the theory and practice, at evaluation of approaches to capital structure are focu­sed on creation and optimization of capital structure. Relatively less frequent approach is the analy­sis of a state and of changes in capital structure on the level of whole business branch. But on this basis, it is possible to investigate some “average” approaches to selection of financial resources. At ca­pi­tal structure optimization (the proportion between equity and debts), a wide range of criteria plays a substantial role, e.g. cost of capital, risk, expected profitability, liquidity, dividend policy. These criteria have joint effect. This way, a logic question which criteria are preferred more and which criteria are preferred less appears. The article deals with the analysis of capital structure of three branches of manufacturing industry (the branch of production of plastics, the branch of production of electric equipments, the branch of production of textile) in the years 2007–2009 with the special focus on development of financial structure, capital structure and on cost of capital.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

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