The Damage Effect Evaluation of Railway Marshalling Station Target

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1183-1190
Author(s):  
Hai Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Damage Effect ◽  
Effect Evaluation ◽  
Marshalling Station

Target Damage Assessment Based on the Detection Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 190-191 ◽  
pp. 1061-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Jing Song Xu ◽  
Zhi Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Effect Evaluation ◽  
Battle Damage Assessment ◽  
Multivariate Theory

With the wide application of all kinds of precision guided munitions, the rhythm of combat become faster, the environment of battle field become more complicated. It brings a great challenge to the battle damage assessment. the basic principle of battle damage assessment based on detection information is analyzed. Pretreatment and reliability analysis of battle field information and target function damage are elaborated. Single function damage analysis and target damage assessment of the Aircraft-borne guidance ammunition technical area are realized, based on target function damage analysis and fuzzy multivariate theory analysis. With the widely application of all kinds of precision guided munitions, the cost of combat grow rapidly，the rhythm of combat become faster, the environment of battle field become complicated， the damage effect to the target of the evaluation has brought an unprecedented challenges. At present , our army damage effect evaluation of target research has just started, there is no perfect theory system and mature evaluation method, so, target damage effect evaluation model and the method has important practical significance, on account of the scene to collect information on target is the important basis of damage effect evaluation, therefore, how to use all kinds of target damage information damage effect evaluation decision target efficiently collecting from battlefield is the primary problem studying damage effect evaluation.

Factors in Photographic Emulsions for Low Dose Electron Crystallography

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 230-231
Author(s):  
T.W. Jeng ◽  
W. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Signal Contrast ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Photographic Emulsions

With the advances in preparing biological materials in a thin and highly ordered form, and in maintaining them hydrated under vacuum, electron crystallography has become an important tool for biological structure investigation at high resolution (1,2). However, the electron radiation damage would limit the capability of recording reflections with low intensities in an electron diffraction pattern. It has been demonstrated that the use of a low temperature stage can reduce the radiation damage effect and that one can expose the specimen with a higher dose in order to increase the signal contrast (3). A further improvement can be made by selecting a proper photographic emulsion. The primary factors in evaluating the suitability of photographic emulsion for recording low dose diffraction patterns are speed, fog level, electron response at low electron exposure, linearity, and usable range of exposure. We have compared these factors with three photographic emulsions including Kodak electron microscopic plate (EMP), Industrex AA x-ray film (AA x-ray) and Kodak nuclear track film (NTB3).

scholarly journals Laboratory Testing of Fracture Conductivity Damage by Foam-Based Fracturing Fluids in Low Permeability Tight Gas Formations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1783
Author(s):  
Klaudia Wilk-Zajdel ◽  
Piotr Kasza ◽  
Mateusz Masłowski
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Fracture Conductivity ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Sandstone Rock

In the case of fracturing of the reservoirs using fracturing fluids, the size of damage to the proppant conductivity caused by treatment fluids is significant, which greatly influence the effective execution of hydraulic fracturing operations. The fracturing fluid should be characterized by the minimum damage to the conductivity of a fracture filled with proppant. A laboratory research procedure has been developed to study the damage effect caused by foamed and non-foamed fracturing fluids in the fractures filled with proppant material. The paper discusses the results for high quality foamed guar-based linear gels, which is an innovative aspect of the work compared to the non-foamed frac described in most of the studies and simulations. The tests were performed for the fracturing fluid based on a linear polymer (HPG—hydroxypropyl guar, in liquid and powder form). The rheology of nitrogen foamed-based fracturing fluids (FF) with a quality of 70% was investigated. The quartz sand and ceramic light proppant LCP proppant was placed between two Ohio sandstone rock slabs and subjected to a given compressive stress of 4000–6000 psi, at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 h. A significant reduction in damage to the quartz proppant was observed for the foamed fluid compared to that damaged by the 7.5 L/m3 natural polymer-based non-foamed linear fluid. The damage was 72.3% for the non-foamed fluid and 31.5% for the 70% foamed fluid, which are superior to the guar gum non-foamed fracturing fluid system. For tests based on a polymer concentration of 4.88 g/L, the damage to the fracture conductivity by the non-foamed fluid was 64.8%, and 26.3% for the foamed fluid. These results lead to the conclusion that foamed fluids could damage the fracture filled with proppant much less during hydraulic fracturing treatment. At the same time, when using foamed fluids, the viscosity coefficient increases a few times compared to the use of non-foamed fluids, which is necessary for proppant carrying capacities and properly conducted stimulation treatment. The research results can be beneficial for optimizing the type and performance of fracturing fluid for hydraulic fracturing in tight gas formations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document