scholarly journals Studies on the Effect of Biofertilizers on the Germination of Acacia Nilotica Linn seeds

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
P. Kumudha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Food Crisis ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources

Forests protect and enrich the soil mantle by reducirQ soil erosion and nutrient loss and by facilitating nutrient recycling and microbiological activities. They act as 'sink' for atmospheric C02 a nd release large arnounts of 02. Forests also sere as c unique storehouse of plant and animal genetic resources and contribute significantly the biological diversity Of the country which inturn serves as an insurance against food crisis and as an asurance for health care. The forest Of India occupy about 22% of geographical area and recent aerial survey has indicated that only about is under funcfi0nalf0rest area.

Passing on the fire - To further inspire people to contribute to the management of animal genetic resources

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
B. Kubbinga ◽  
I. Hoffmann ◽  
B. Scherf
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Technical Conference ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
History Of

SummaryIn light of the upcoming first International Technical Conference on Animal Genetic Resources (September 2007), experts have been interviewed to tell about their experiences in the management of animal genetic resources over the past fifty years. They identified three milestones in the history of Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR) management: the foundation of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust (1973), the FAO/UNEP 1980 Technical Consultation on AnGR, and the signing of the Convention on Biological Diversity (1992). Conservation of AnGR started at grassroot level and eventually led to policies at governmental level. The passion of civil society organizations remains vital to conserve local livestock breeds. Technical and financial support will be crucial for the future of AnGR conservation. The next milestone will be a Global Plan of Action that is expected as one outcome of the International Technical Conference.

scholarly journals PROBLEM OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY CONSERVATION OF FARM ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Polupan ◽  
D. M. Basovskiy ◽  
N. L. Rieznykova ◽  
Yu. M. Reznikova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Breeding And Genetics

The ratification by Ukraine of the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1994, the approval of the Interlaken Declaration in 2007, the Global Plan of Action on Farm Animal Genetic Resources and the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing, signed in 2012, imposes certain obligations to our country, especially concerning farm animal breed conservation. Indigenous breeds have considerable store of variability, high cultural, aesthetic and ecological value and should therefore be unequivocally preserved. The state of this issue in Ukraine and the place of Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics of NAAS in the solution of the issue are covered in this article. The research was conducted using methodological approaches that are consistent with the Global Action Plan on Animal Genetic Resources, EU Directives, the current legislative framework for livestock in Ukraine, programs and plans of breeding of specific breeds and herds of farm animals. The degree of inbreeding was determined using the method of S. Wright in the modification of D. A. Kislovsky. Conservation of farm animal gene pool is a global issue and affair of certain international organizations, in particular FAO. In Ukraine M.V.Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics has been actively engaged in the issue of conservation of biodiversity of farm animals during 1996–2017. By the decision of the Bureau of the Presidium of the UAAS on March 11, 2004 (protocol No. 3), the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics assigned to be the main institution for the organization and implementation of a new scientific and technical program "Preservation of farm animal gene pool". In 2004 there was prepared a "Report on the Status of Genetic Resources of Livestock in Ukraine: Materials for FAO" (authors: M. V. Zubets, V. P. Burkat, D. O. Melnychuk, O. I. Kostenko, Yu. F. Melnyk, I. V. Guzev, R. M. Schmidt, G. G. Omelyanenko, V. I. Drobot, V. A. Pidzhelkova, A.F. Gordin, M. V. Stompel) with the participation of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics of the NAAS. To fulfill stated tasks, in 2006 the technology and methodology of breeding resources survey holding, breeding resources’ integrated assessment and identification of their economic and genetic specificity were proposed. According to the developed technology, in 2006–2010, 208 breeding herds of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and poultry were surveyed. In the next year (2007), the Institute held a creative discussion "Problems of farm animal gene pool conservation." In the same year, the Institute workers (I. V. Guzev) took part in the International Scientific Conference "Conservation of Animal Genetic Resources in Poland and Europe" (Krakow, Poland), in 2009 – at the International Congress "On the Traces of Grey Podolic Cattle" (Matera, Italy), 2012 (S. I. Kovtun, N. L. Rieznykova) – in the workshop of the ERFP working group on the conservation ex situ "Legal and institutional arrangements for ex situ conservation at national level" (Zagreb, Croatia), 2016 (N. L. Rieznykova) – in a seminar on the conservation in situ and ex situ (Godöllo, Hungary). M. V. Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics of NAAS in 2017 formed the request for the participation in the international project of FAO on the conservation and rational use of the Brown Carpathian cattle gene pool. The monitoring of the status of local small-scale and endangered farm animal breeds of different species on their number and number of breeding farms in Ukraine (2011–2017), according to the State Breeding Registry, revealed a tendency to the annual reduction of both the number of subjects of the breeding business in the relevant livestock sector and the general number of animals in breeds. According to the results of the analysis conducted amongst a large number of small-scale farm animal breeds in Ukraine, the most vulnerable populations were chosen on the basis of the number of females and breeding farms. In Ukraine Grey Ukrainian, Ukrainian Whiteheaded, Brown Carpathian, Lebedyn cattle breeds, Hutsul horse breed, Sokil sheep breed, Mirgorodian, Ukrainian Steppe Black-and-White and Ukrainian Steppe White pig breeds are going to disappear. Taking into account the above mentioned, the Program of conservation of local and endangered breeds of farm animals in Ukraine for 2017–2025, based on the initiative and direct participation of Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, has been developed. It requires the annual budget subsidy at the level of 22.01–42.85 mln. UAH. One of the methods of rational use and conservation of local, small-scale and indigenous farm animal breeds’ gene pool is the establishment of banks for long-term storage of biological material. Inventory of available resources of local cattle sperm was carried out. The bulls' sperm is stored at the Bank of Genetic Resources of Animals at M.V.Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics of NAAS and nine enterprises of Ukraine. The level of inbreeding among local and endangered breeds was studied. It was established that the highest level of inbreeding is observed among the bulls of the Brown Carpathian breed. Amonst promising further scientific research directions are the next: expeditionary research on the availability of pure-blood animals in gene pool herds, identification of biological characteristics of indigenous animals’ products, estimation of cultural and aesthetic value, resistance level, adaptive ability, and the search for genetic markers of local, small-scale and  disappearing breeds.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Albanian national legislation in the light of the international legal framework relevant to the conservation and use of animal genetic resources

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-891
Author(s):  
A. Kume
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Economic Use

The Albanian legislation on conservation, management and sustainable economic use of Farm Animal genetic Resources is an intensive developing process. It aims to the FAnGR development in accordance with the requirements and obligation arising from the accession to various international convention (CDB, WTO etc...), and to align it with other legislations of EU member states. The legislative development is part of the work that Albania is implementing in the context of the Global Plan of Action for the Conservation of Animal Genetic Resources (FAO). Albanian current legislation treats only generally the entirety of the requests that should be fulfilled in order to enable the conservation and administration of the biological diversity of farm animals. It is necessary to develop it in order to solve the entirety of the problems regarding the need and necessity of the administration of this national asset, to meet, in an optimal way, the food security of current and future generations.

The way ahead: how animal genetic resources may contribute to a sustainable future.

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-109
Author(s):  
Lawrence Alderson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Future

Abstract This chapter describes the different challenges faced by livestock farming (including climate change and environmental impact) and the importance of directed animal breeding for preserving the biological diversity and sustainability of animal production under different management systems.

Genetic diversity and sustainable management of animal genetic resources, globally

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fimland
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Global Responsibility ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Commercial Breeding

SummaryGeneral trends of development imply an increasing uniformity of animal genetic resources, caused by the loss of endangered breeds and increased inbreeding within commercial breeding populations. The implications of these trends point to a reduction in the genetic diversity of the animal genetic resources, which may reduce possibilities for utilization in the future, while at the same time a dramatic change in environmental production conditions can be observed. In order to change this developmental trend, sustainable management of animal genetic resources must be promoted globally. The fundamental issues for such sustainable management are illustrated by the principles given in the Convention on Biological Diversity. In order to accomplish sustainable management of these resources, the following actions must be taken:• The development of policies to promote national and global responsibility for maintaining genetic diversity, which will not be addressed within this paper• The development of knowledge as a fundamental concept to impose sustainable management principles on these animal genetic resources. This will be dealt with in this paper. A more complete description of these features can be found in Woolliams et al, 2005 in (Sustainable Management of Animal Genetic Resources).

scholarly journals Policy Effects on the Sustainability of Animal Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7787
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Martyniuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
And Control

Sustainability in animal breeding can be understood as continuous availability of breeding animals and their germinal products for commercial production, that now and in the future, meet the requirements of a broad range of stakeholders: breeders, farmers, livestock keepers, producers, consumers and others, while respecting animal welfare and promoting more sustainable agriculture. Breeding goals are established to contribute to fulfilling various aspects of sustainability: quality, diversity, acceptability, environment and economics. Government policies and strategies have major impacts on animal breeding; they provide the basis for establishing the legal landscape for national priorities for livestock sector development and provide for institutional arrangements and control measures. Implementation of international agreements supports policy development for sustainability in animal breeding and production. The Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources was prepared to directly contribute to sustainable management of livestock calling for improved characterization, monitoring, breeding and conservation. The Convention on Biological Diversity calls for the conservation of genetic diversity, including agricultural genetic resources. Animal breeding and strategies for livestock development require long-term policy perspectives, as poor decisions can have lasting detrimental effects. This paper is intended to highlight the importance of policy development in efforts to achieve sustainability in the livestock sector.

The UK Government policy on farm animal genetic resource conservation

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
M. Roper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Country Report ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Farm Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
The Uk ◽  
On Farm

AbstractHistorically the UK has not had or needed a defined Government policy on the conservation and utilisation of farm animal genetic resources. However, this situation has changed recently, partly as a result of international efforts, stimulated by the Convention on Biological Diversity, and led by the Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations, to co-ordinate national strategies for conservation and utilisation of farm animal genetic resources. As part of this international effort, a National Consultative Committee was set up in the UK in 2001. This committee produced the UK Country Report on farm animal genetic resources, which was published in 2002 and submitted to FAO. This paper outlines the structure and recommendations of this report, and discusses government policy on farm animal genetic resources.

Is there a lifeguard at the genepool?

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian L. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Animal Diversity

Modern agricultural practices have led to a decline in our farm animal genetic resources. Changes in the environment or society demands for more ecologically sustainable production systems may require breeds other than those in common use today. Although definitions of levels of concern differ, Canada has a number of endangered breeds which are of cultural and historical interest and which may be useful in future niche markets. Canada has formally ratified the international convention on biological diversity, but funding cuts have jeopardised national programs. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations has the mandate to establish an international program for conserving domestic animal diversity and its sustainable use. A major initiative has been the establishment of a data base and training information available through the World Wide Web. New technologies such as microsatellite markers and mathematical modelling offer promise for integration with more traditional live animal conservation methods and are now being incorporated into conservation schemes in a number of countries. Canadian groups involved in livestock and poultry genetic resource conservation must continue to interact to ensure a coordinated approach. Key words: Biodiversity, breed conservation, animal genetic resources

NOTE ON THE FAO EXPERT CONSULTATION ON MANAGEMENT OF GLOBAL ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES ROME, 7-10 APRIL 1992

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Steane
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Expert Consultation ◽  
Major Topic ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources

For some years Animal Genetic Resources has been a major topic for consideration and discusion by the FAO Committee in Agriculture (COAG), by the Council and the Conference (the governing body of FAO).Following requests of earlier meetings the 1991 COAG meeting considered the outline global programme proposed on An GR and also heard the recommendations requesting the possible expansion of Plant Genetic Resources Structure to one for Biological Diversity.

Why should we become involved in the State of the World of Animal Genetic Resources process? A view from Asia

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
P.N. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Animal Genetic Resource ◽  
The World ◽  
Organic Resource

Biological diversity is the vital organic resource on which the present and future sustenance of humankind depends. The farm animal genetic resource (AnGR) sector of this diversity provides the variety and variability of species, breeds and populations including unique genotypes which underpin an essential component of food and agriculture production. Judicious use and enhancement of these living resources must be ensured, also with their conservation, so that we may meet the increasing demands for food.

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