scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Protein and Energy Levels on the Growth Rate, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Composition of Chicks

1962 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 640-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru YOSHIDA ◽  
Sadanobu HIZIKURO ◽  
Hiroshi HOSHII ◽  
Hiroshi MORIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Carcass Composition

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Protein and Energy Levels on the Growth Rate, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Composition of Chicks

1962 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 640-647
Author(s):  
Minoru Yoshida ◽  
Sadanobu Hizikuro ◽  
Hiroshi Hoshii ◽  
Hiroshi Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Carcass Composition

RESPONSE OF EARLY WEANED PIGS TO DIETS OF DIFFERENT DIGESTIBLE ENERGY CONCENTRATIONS AND THE EFFECTS OF CEREAL SOURCE AND ADDED MOLASSES ON PERFORMANCE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. O’GRADY ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Very High

One hundred and sixty pigs weaned at 2 weeks were allotted at an average initial weight of 3.8 kg to two experiments to examine the effects of diets based on barley or wheat as the cereal component and having digestible energy (DE) concentrations ranging from 2.8 to 3.6 Mcal/kg. Protein was in constant ratio to DE (15.2 kcal DE/g protein). Very high mortality was experienced on the lower energy levels, although the inclusion of 5% molasses in the formulation reduced mortality. Among surviving pigs, growth rate was significantly reduced at lower energy concentrations. The optimum DE level for maximum gain was 3.2 Mcal in the first experiment and 3.4 Mcal/kg in the second. The efficiency of utilization of DE for growth was best at a DE concentration of 3.2 Mcal/kg in the first experiment but did not vary in the second. Digestibility of dietary protein increased with increasing dietary DE but nitrogen (N) retention as percentage of N intake or of digestible N was not significantly influenced by DE in the diet.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM PROTEIN AND ENERGY LEVELS FOR FINISHING BROILER CHICKENS IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
M. J. Olomu
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Groundnut Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Three experiments were conducted to determine the optimum protein and energy levels for finishing broiler chickens in a tropical environment. Dietary protein levels (20, 23 and 26 percent) and energy levels (2800, 3000 and 3200 Kcal/kg diet) tested had no significant effects on performance of finishing chickens fed fishmeal-containing rations. Rations based on cereals and groundnut meal, without fishmeal, did not support maximum liveweight gain and feed efficiency at dietary protein levels below 26 percent. Dietary treatments had no significant effects on carcass dressing percentages. Based on the present results, a protein level of 20 percent(for fishmeal containing rations) and 23 or 26 percent (for rations based on groundnut meal without fishmeal) and energy levels of 2800 to 3000 Kcal/Kg diet are tentatively recommended for finishing broiler chickens raised in a tropical country like Nigeria.

RESPONSE OF GROWING-FINISHING PIGS TO DIETARY INCLUSION OF GREEN FOXTAIL (Setaria viridis) SEEDS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Ad Libitum

Increasing the level of wheat screenings (95% green foxtail seeds) from 0 to 25% in diets fed ad libitum over the period from 34 to 89 kg liveweight resulted in an increased daily feed intake (P < 0.05), reduced (P < 0.05) feed efficiency and apparent digestibility, but produced no consistent effects on growth rate or carcass composition. Key words: Growing pigs, green foxtail, Setaria viridis, carcass, digestibility

scholarly journals Effects of index selection on the performance and carcass composition of sheep given foods of different protein concentrationsad libitum

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Lewis ◽  
G. C. Emmans ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractSheep of a line selected on an index to increase carcass lean content at 150 days of age (selected (S); no. = 90), and an unselected control line (control (C); no. = 90), were given ad libitum foods of three different protein concentrations (192, 141 and 120 g/kg dry matter). Growth was measured from about 21 to 114 kg live weight. The carcasses of each line were analysed for lean, fat and bone at three widely varying weights in both males and females. Level of protein did not affect the extent to which S was superior to C in the content of fat (0.86 as much) or lean (1.08 as much) in the carcass. The fat concentration of the carcass increased, and the lean concentration decreased, as dietary protein concentration was reduced (P < 0.01). On the highest level of protein used, the S line grew 1.17 times as fast and was 1.10 times as efficient compared with C. The extent to which growth rate in S exceeded that in C was greater on the highest level of protein used (92.3 g/day) than on the two lower protein diets (26.4 g/day). The difference of 65.9 (s.e. 18.4) g/day was significant (P < 0.01). On the diet of highest protein concentration, growth was well described by a Gompertz function. The S line had an estimated maximum growth rate 1.25 times that of the C when averaged across males and females. A Spillman function was used to describe weight in terms of cumulative intake. It worked well for all three levels of dietary protein concentration. S sheep performed better than unselected sheep on foods differing in protein concentration and over a wide range of live weights, suggesting benefits are likely within the diverse farming environments found in practice.

scholarly journals Effects of Varying Dietary Protein and Energy Levels on Growth Rate and Body Fat of Broilers

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1499-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILLIP H. HARGIS ◽  
C.R. CREGER
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Energy Levels

scholarly journals GROWTH RESPONSE OF WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) REARED IN LOW SALINITY MEDIUM, FED DIFFERENT PROTEIN AND CALCIUM LEVELS

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erly Kaligis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Salinity Condition

<p class="Default"><em>The white shrimp (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Litopenaeus</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">vannamei</span>) has been an important commercial shrimp species in Indonesia. This species is tolerance to low salinity therefore, it is important to develop its aquaculture. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of protein and calcium level</em><em>s</em><em> in diet on growth performance of the </em><em>white shrimp</em><em> </em><em>post larvae. A factorial experiment at three level</em><em>s</em><em> of dietary protein </em><em>(25, 35,</em><em> </em><em>45%)</em><em> </em><em>and three level</em><em>s</em><em> of calcium </em><em>(0, 2, 4%)</em><em> </em><em>with three replicates </em><em>were</em><em> </em><em>used in this experiment. Fifteen shrimps (PL25) were placed in triplicate 45-l glasses aquarium.</em> <em>Salinity in shrimp aquarium was 2 ppt.</em> <em> The shrimps were fed of about 8% of body weight four times per day for 28 days. Measured parameters were daily growth rate, feed efficiency, RNA/DNA ratio, frequency of moulting, calcium and protein retention</em><em>s</em><em>. Results showed that shrimp fed on diet 45% protein and 2% calcium</em><em> levels</em><em> produce higher daily growth rate, feed efficiency, RNA/DNA ratio, protein retention, compare</em><em>d</em><em> to the other treatments. It was concluded that the </em><em>white </em><em>shrimp post larvae required 45% protein and 2% calcium for the shrimp maintenance in a low salinity condition.</em></p> <p class="Default"><em> </em></p> <strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: protein, calcium, RNA/DNA ratio, moulting, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Litopenaeus</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">vannamei</span></em>

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