scholarly journals Facile Preparation of Deuterium-Labeled Standards of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and Its Metabolites to Quantitatively Analyze the Disposition of Exogenous IAA inArabidopsis thaliana

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1946-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji KAI ◽  
Shunsuke NAKAMURA ◽  
Kyo WAKASA ◽  
Hisashi MIYAGAWA
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

Identification of IAA-regulated genes in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud-Thierry Djami-Tchatchou ◽  
Zipeng Alex Li ◽  
Paul Stodghill ◽  
Melanie J. Filiatrault ◽  
Barbara N. Kunkel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Type Iii Secretion ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

The auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a plant hormone that not only regulates plant growth and development but also plays important roles in plant-microbe interactions. We previously reported that IAA alters expression of several virulence-related genes in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 ( Pto DC3000). To learn more about the impact of IAA on regulation of Pto DC3000 gene expression we performed a global transcriptomic analysis of bacteria grown in culture, in the presence or absence of exogenous IAA. We observed that IAA repressed expression of genes involved in the Type III secretion (T3S) system and motility and promoted expression of several known and putative transcriptional regulators. Several of these regulators are orthologs of factors known to regulate stress responses and accordingly expression of several stress response-related genes was also upregulated by IAA. Similar trends in expression for several genes were also observed by RT-qPCR. Using an Arabidopsis thaliana auxin receptor mutant that accumulates elevated auxin, we found that many of the P. syringae genes regulated by IAA in vitro were also regulated by auxin in planta . Collectively the data indicate that IAA modulates many aspects of Pto DC3000 biology, presumably to promote both virulence and survival under stressful conditions, including those encountered in or on plant leaves. IMPORTANCE Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a form of the plant hormone auxin, is used by many plant-associated bacteria as a cue to sense the plant environment. Previously, we showed that IAA can promote disease in interactions between the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae strain Pto DC000 and one of its hosts, Arabidopsis thaliana . However, the mechanisms by which IAA impacts the biology of Pto DC3000 and promotes disease are not well understood. Here we demonstrate that IAA is a signal molecule that regulates gene expression in Pto DC3000. The presence of exogenous IAA affects expression of over 700 genes in the bacteria, including genes involved in Type III secretion and genes involved in stress response. This work offers insight into the roles of auxin promoting pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid on the growth and cadmium accumulation of lettuce under cadmium stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 07002
Author(s):  
Le Liang ◽  
Wanjia Tang ◽  
Xuemei Peng ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Substantial Decline ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays crucial roles in plant growth and stress tolerance. In present study, the effects of spraying different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L) of IAA on the growth and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were investigated. The lettuce exposed to Cd exhibited a substantial decline in growth, and the Cd content of them significantly increased. Spraying exogenous IAA resulted in alleviating the inhibitory of Cd toxicity to lettuce. The dry weight in shoots of lettuce increased by spraying with IAA compared with the Cd treatment alone, but the dry weight of roots had no significantly differences. Although exogenous IAA increased the root Cd content, it significantly reduced shoot Cd content, indicating its role in Cd transport. Therefore, spraying IAA effectively alleviated Cd toxicity and reduced Cd uptake in the edible parts of lettuce, and the 100 μmol/L IAA was the optimal dose.

scholarly journals Utilization of the Plant Hormone Indole-3-Acetic Acid for Growth by Pseudomonas putida Strain 1290

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 2365-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan H. J. Leveau ◽  
Steven E. Lindow
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Catechol 1,2 Dioxygenase ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

ABSTRACT We have isolated from plant surfaces several bacteria with the ability to catabolize indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). One of them, isolate 1290, was able to utilize IAA as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. The strain was identified by its 16S rRNA sequence as Pseudomonas putida. Activity of the enzyme catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was induced during growth on IAA, suggesting that catechol is an intermediate of the IAA catabolic pathway. This was in agreement with the observation that the oxygen uptake by IAA-grown P. putida 1290 cells was elevated in response to the addition of catechol. The inability of a catR mutant of P. putida 1290 to grow at the expense of IAA also suggests a central role for catechol as an intermediate in IAA metabolism. Besides being able to destroy IAA, strain 1290 was also capable of producing IAA in media supplemented with tryptophan. In root elongation assays, P. putida strain 1290 completely abolished the inhibitory effect of exogenous IAA on the elongation of radish roots. In fact, coinoculation of roots with P. putida 1290 and 1 mM concentration of IAA had a positive effect on root development. In coinoculation experiments on radish roots, strain 1290 was only partially able to alleviate the inhibitory effect of bacteria that in culture overproduce IAA. Our findings imply a biological role for strain 1290 as a sink or recycler of IAA in its association with plants and plant-associated bacteria.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid on the photosynthesis characteristics of lettuce under cadmium stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 07003
Author(s):  
Guochao Sun ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiaohan Wei ◽  
Yunying Xiao ◽  
Xiangting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Pigment Contents ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment Content ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), can regulate plant growth and development, and it can involve in regulation of abiotic stresses. In the present study, the effects of spraying different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L) of IAA on the photosynthesis physiology in lettuce were investigated. The lettuce (Lactuca sativa) exposed to cadmium (Cd) exhibited a substantial change in photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic parameters. Spraying exogenous IAA resulted in alleviating the inhibitory of Cd toxicity to lettuce. The photosynthetic pigment content in shoot of lettuce increased by spraying with IAA compared with the Cd treatment alone. Cd stress caused reductions (P < 0.05) in Pn and Ls, respectively, whereas Gs, Ci, and Tr were increased, compared with the control. Spraying exogenous IAA resulted that the Pn increased and the Ls, Gs, Ci, Tr showed different trend. Therefore, spraying IAA effectively changed the photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthesis parameters in lettuce.

scholarly journals Indole -3-acetic acid improves drought tolerance of white clover via activating auxin, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid related genes and inhibiting senescence genes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youzhi Zhang ◽  
Yaping Li ◽  
Muhammad Jawad Hassan ◽  
Zhou Li ◽  
Yan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Drought Stress Condition ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

Abstract Background: Auxin may have a positive effect on plants under drought stress. White clover is widely cultivated and often prone to water shortages. In the present study, we investigated the effects of exogenous indole -3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover under drought stress condition. The contents of endogenous IAA and other hormones including ABA, CTK, JA, GA, IAA, and SA were assayed. Moreover, expressions of auxin-responsive genes, drought-responsive genes and leaf senescence-associated genes were detected in response to exogenous IAA. Results: Compared to control, drought stress alone significantly diminished stem dry weigh, relative water content (RWC) and total chlorophyll content (Chl). Exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased RWC and Chl, whereas L-AOPP treatment drastically decreased stem dry weight, RWC and Chl under drought stress condition. Additionally, exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content, up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes ( GH3.1 , GH3.9 , IAA8 ), drought stress responsive genes ( bZIP11 , DREB2 , MYB14 , MYB48 , WRKY2 , WRKY56 , WRKY108715 and RD22 ), and down-regulated expressions of auxin-responding genes ( GH3.3 , GH3.6 , IAA27 ) and leaf senescence genes ( SAG101 and SAG102 ) in the presence of PEG. Contrarily, L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA, down-regulated expressions of GH3.1 , GH3.9 , IAA8 , bZIP11 , DREB2 , MYB14 , MYB48 , WRKY2 , WRKY56 , WRKY108715 , ERD and RD22 , and up-regulated SAG101 and SAG102 . Conclusions: Exogenous IAA improved drought tolerance of white clover possibly due to endogenous plant hormone concentration changes and modulation of genes involving in drought stress response and leaf senescence. These results provided useful information to understand mechanisms of IAA improved drought tolerance in white clover.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Producing Bacteria from Cow Urine

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisa Rachmania Mubarik ◽  
Iah Novi Maslahah
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bean Seedling ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Free Media ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

  Cow urine contains urea as nitrogen source, therefore it can be expected to isolate the beneficial bacteria for plants, for example indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or auxin producing bacteria. The objective of research was to obtain IAA producing bacteria from cow urine, to characterize bacterial isolate, and to measure its ability to stimulate the growth of green bean seedlings (Vigna radiata). The methods used in this study were collecting urine from cow cattle, obtaining IAA-pro-ducing bacteria from urine, measuring IAA using Salkowski method, and applying selected bacterial supernatants on green bean seedling plants. The number of IAA producing bacteria that was successfully purified was 18 isolates. There are five isolates, namely US 5, BS1, BS 2, BS 4 and BS 5 which have the ability to solubelize phosphate on Pikovskaya agar. The five isolates were also able to fix free nitro-gen on N Free media and did not show hypersensitivity on tobacco leaves. The results of the growth of isolates in blood agar showed positive for US 5 and BS 2 as beta hemolysin producers. Further-more, isolate BS 4 was chosen to produce exogenous IAA quantita-tively. Isolate BS 4 produced IAA 6.364 ppm at the 45 h incubation at stationary phase. The use of BS 4 supernatant on green bean seed-lings showed an effect on plant height and lateral root length better than control (without treatment) on 6 days after planting. Morpho-logical characteristic of isolate BS 4 was rod shape, Gram positive, endospore producing, aerobic, and had similarity with genus Bacillus

scholarly journals Exogenous of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Application Alleviates Copper Toxicity in Spinach Seedlings by Enhancing Antioxidant Systems and Nitrogen Metabolism

Toxics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Qin Gong ◽  
Zhaohua Li ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Tongwei Dai ◽  
Qun Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Cu Toxicity ◽  
Cu Accumulation ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
Cu Tolerance ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a potential mediator in the protection of plants from copper (Cu) toxicity and the enhancement of Cu tolerance. In this paper, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) seedlings were cultivated in soil containing 700 mg kg−1 Cu and the leaves of seedlings were sprayed with different concentrations of IAA. Exogenous IAA treatment reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in Cu-stressed seedlings and increased biomass, proline content, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Exogenous IAA treatment also increased the levels of nitrogen (N) assimilation compounds and the activities of N-metabolizing enzymes, but reduced NH4+ content. Notably, lower concentrations of IAA (10–40 mg L−1) increased the Cu concentrations in roots and reduced the Cu concentrations in leaves, while higher concentrations of IAA (50 mg L−1) reduced the Cu concentrations in both roots and leaves to the lowest levels. The findings indicated that the application of IAA reduced Cu accumulation, alleviated Cu toxicity, and enhanced Cu tolerance in spinach seedlings. IAA application could be used as an alternative strategy for reducing Cu accumulation in vegetable crops and for remediating Cu-contaminated soil, in turn reducing the hazardous effects of heavy metal contamination on human health and the environment.

scholarly journals The acropetal effects of indole-3-acetic acid in isolated shoot segments of Acer pseudoplatanus L. I. Growth responses of buds

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Jacek A. Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

The subject of this investigation were growth reactions of two opposite lateral buds of <i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i> L. stem sections in response to application of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and other synthetic growth regulators below the buds. No effect of IAA upon the initiation of bud growth was noted, however, elongation of new shoots was inhibited. This acropetal effect of auxin was enhanced by simultaneous treatment with triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) or benzyladenine (BA). TIBA alone caused even stronger retardation of shoot growth. Exactly the opposite effect was produced by gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) applied even 30 cm below the buds. In this case TIBA could reverse the effect of GA<sub>3</sub> treatment. The results concerning acropetal effects of auxin suggest that some type of signalling system functions independently of the direct action of the exogenous IAA.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid on antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic substance contents of lettuce under cadmium stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 07001
Author(s):  
Le Liang ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Xuemei Peng ◽  
Wanjia Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

In plant growth and stress tolerance, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays an important role. In this research, the effects of spraying different concentration (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μmol/ L) of IAA on the antioxidant system in lettuce were investigated. The lettuce (Lactuca sativa) exposed to cadmium (Cd) exhibited the SOD, POD activities and MDA content obviously increased. Spraying exogenous IAA resulted that the CAT activity, soluble protein and proline content in shoots of lettuce increased compared with the Cd treatment alone, and MDA content with 50 μmol/L IAA was lowest. Therefore, spraying IAA effectively alleviated Cd toxicity and enhanced antioxidant system of lettuce, and the 100 μmol/L IAA was the optimal dose.

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