scholarly journals Development of pre-breeding technology for root system study and selection of Kihara Afghan wheat landraces (KAWLR) to enhance wheat breeding in the rain-fed region

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emdadul Haque ◽  
Aziz Ahmad Osmani ◽  
Sayed Hasibullah Ahmadi ◽  
Tomohiro Ban
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
System Study ◽  
Breeding Technology ◽  
Wheat Landraces ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Morphological and Physiological Root Traits and Their Relationship with Nitrogen Uptake in Wheat Varieties Released from 1915 to 2013

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Puccio ◽  
Rosolino Ingraffia ◽  
Dario Giambalvo ◽  
Gaetano Amato ◽  
Alfonso S. Frenda
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Root System ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Positive Effects

Identifying genotypes with a greater ability to absorb nitrogen (N) may be important to reducing N loss in the environment and improving the sustainability of agricultural systems. This study extends the knowledge of variability among wheat genotypes in terms of morphological or physiological root traits, N uptake under conditions of low soil N availability, and in the amount and rapidity of the use of N supplied with fertilizer. Nine genotypes of durum wheat were chosen for their different morpho-phenological characteristics and year of their release. The isotopic tracer 15N was used to measure the fertilizer N uptake efficiency. The results show that durum wheat breeding did not have univocal effects on the characteristics of the root system (weight, length, specific root length, etc.) or N uptake capacity. The differences in N uptake among the studied genotypes when grown in conditions of low N availability appear to be related more to differences in uptake efficiency per unit of weight and length of the root system than to differences in the morphological root traits. The differences among the genotypes in the speed and the ability to take advantage of the greater N availability, determined by N fertilization, appear to a certain extent to be related to the development of the root system and the photosynthesizing area. This study highlights some variability within the species in terms of the development, distribution, and efficiency of the root system, which suggests that there may be sufficient grounds for improving these traits with positive effects in terms of adaptability to difficult environments and resilience to climate change.

Wheat breeding history reveals synergistic selection of pleiotropic genomic sites for plant architecture and grain yield

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Li ◽  
Chenyang Hao ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Shuaifeng Geng ◽  
Meiling Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Breeding History ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of testing environments for winter wheat breeding

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
Sonja Maric ◽  
Tihomir Cupic ◽  
Goran Jukic ◽  
Ivan Varnica ◽  
Dario Dunkovic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Testing Environments ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Selection of Rye (Secale cereale L.) by Root System Capacity

2009 ◽  
Vol 0 (1(9)) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
В. В. Скорик ◽  
Волод. В. Скорик ◽  
Н. В. Симоненко ◽  
О. П. Скорик
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Phenotypic characterization of wheat landraces from mid and far western districts of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Sangharash Raj Dangi ◽  
Ramesh Raj Puri ◽  
Nutan Raj Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wheat Landraces

The study was conducted to evaluate phenotypic variation in one hundred and sixty six wheat landraces from mid and far western districts of Nepal. They were sown in randomized complete block design with two replications at National Wheat Research Program in 2014/15. The observed traits were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis using MINITAB v. 14. The results showed a wide range of phenotypic variability in observed parameters. The results also showed that the highest value of the standard deviation from mean (Sd) was for grain yield (±290.10) followed by plant height (±7.21). Among the traits the lowest deviation from mean (Sd) was for thousand grain weight TGW (±2.68). Wheat landraces grouped in four clusters depending on similarity of the studied traits. The results in this cluster, showed that days to maturity ranged from 97 to111 days, TGW ranged from 16 to17 gm, plant height ranged from 76 to 85 cm, and grain yield ranged from 2800 to 3000 Kg ha-1. Wheat landraces under study are grouped depending on specific traits useful for wheat improvement program. Results of this study can be supportive to detect wheat landraces within species with similar traits. In addition it can be useful for sampling in successive studies and parental selection in wheat breeding program.International Journal of Environment Vol.4(4) 2015: 32-44

scholarly journals Development of Paspalum accession plugs for turfgrass establishment

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-366
Author(s):  
Stella Áurea Cristiane Gomes da Silva ◽  
João Carlos Cezar de Albuquerque Filho ◽  
Simone Santos Lira Silva ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Vivian Loges
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Propagation Methods ◽  
Expansion Capacity ◽  
Turfgrass Establishment ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract The selection of a genotype for lawn use must consider the plant survival rate and its soil covering ability, which is directly influenced by the growth of stolons and rhizomes. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and development of Paspalum accession plugs for turfgrass establishment. Plugs of six prostrate growth accessions of Paspalum lepton (PL 01), P. notatum (from PN 01 to PN 06) and Zoysia japonica (ZJ 01), which was used as the control treatment, were planted adding up to 7 treatments. At 63 days after planting, the survival rate, the number of shoots, the expansion capacity, plant height and soil coverage rate were evaluated. Moreover, at 72 days after planting, fresh and dry leaf, root, rhizome and/or stolon biomass, as well as root length were evaluated. Plugs of PL 01 presented the highest values regarding the number of shoots, the expansion capacity, soil coverage and the development of the root system with the largest biomass production. PL 01 and PN 05 along with ZJ 01 presented a high soil coverage rate and all the P. notatum (PN) accessions together with ZJ 01 maintained a lower plant height, but with a length root system higher than the control treatment ZJ 01. The P. lepton (PL 01) and P. notatum (PN 05) accessions can be recommended for turfgrass establishment using plug propagation methods.

scholarly journals Molecular Mapping and Characterization of QBp.caas-3BL for Black Point Resistance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuihe Liu ◽  
Jie Song ◽  
Siyang Liu ◽  
Jingdong Liu ◽  
Dengan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Genome ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Kasp Marker ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Wheat black point, which occurs in most wheat growing regions of the world, is detrimental to grain appearance, processing and nutrient quality. Mining and characterization of genetic loci for black point resistance is helpful for breeding resistant wheat cultivars. We previously identified a major QTL QBp.caas-3BL in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of Linmai 2/Zhong 892 across five environments. Here we confirmed the QTL in two additional environments. The genetic region of QBp.caas-3BL was enriched with newly developed markers. Using four sets of near isogenic lines QBp.caas-3BL was narrowed down to a physical interval of approximately 1.7 Mb, including five annotated genes according to IWGSC reference genome. TraesCS3B02G404300, TraesCS3B02G404600 and TraesCS3B02G404700 were predicted as candidate genes based on the analyses of sequence polymorphisms and differential expression. We also converted a SNP of TraesCS3B02G404700 into a breeding-applicable KASP marker and verified its efficacy for marker-assisted breeding in a panel of germplasm. The findings not only lay a foundation for map-based cloning of QBp.caas-3BL but also provide a useful marker for selection of resistant cultivars genotypes in wheat breeding.

Choosing trial sites to maximize selection response for grain yield in spring wheat

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Pederson ◽  
AJ Rathjen
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Optimum Selection ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Selection Of

Nine sites used in a wheat breeding programme in South Australia were investigated. Of the six major sites, four occupy farmers' fields and two are located on experiment stations. The data analysed comprised grain yields of 31 genotypes grown in 31 trials over a 5-year period. Relative to that grown at non-station sites, wheat grown at the experiment-station sites generally had higher mean yields, higher coefficients of variation, and lower heritabilities. Data from a set of independently conducted trials were used to estimate the true yields of the 31 genotypes. A heritability of the correlated response to selection was then calculated for each breeding trial, and was generally found to be low for the experiment-station sites. Further investigation showed that the non-station sites are suitable for the selection of genotypes intended for low-yielding environments, and the station sites are better suited for the selection of genotypes intended for high-yielding environments. The optimum selection scheme was found to consist of several unreplicated trials per year, and at least four trials per year are necessary to avoid the possibility of a negative heritability of the correlated response to selection.

scholarly journals Scientific support of production experiments in forest plantations of green zone in Nur-Sultan city

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-452
Author(s):  
Svetlana A Kabanova ◽  
Andrey N Kabanov ◽  
Ardak A Khasenov ◽  
Matvey A Danchenko
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Selection Of

Natural and climatic conditions of the green zone of Nur-Sultan (Kazakhstan) are unfavorable for tree and shrub species due to low soil fertility, sharply continental climate and other factors. The purpose of the research was to choose an assortment of stable introducents for Nur-Sultan green zone. The monitoring of growth and condition of artificial plantations included the selection of an assortment of stable coniferous introducents. The objects of research were coniferous introducents, which were planted in 2011 as container annual seedlings and three-year-old seedlings with open root system. According to the results of observations of conservation, taxation indicators and condition of artificial plantations, it was revealed that for the soil and climatic conditions of the research region, Picea nigra and Picea sibirica turned out to be the most adapted. Quercus robur was also characterized by good growth, but in the first years after planting, it was significantly damaged by late spring frosts and rodent ingestion. Larix sibirica , despite the fact that most of its plants died in the first years after planting, has adapted to soil and climatic conditions now and grows well enough and has a satisfactory condition. The safety of introduced plants planted with annual seedlings with a closed and open root system was practically the same and at the age of 8 it was 62.6 and 64.9%, respectively. It was revealed that it is better to plant crops with older seedlings (3-4 years old), because cultivation of annual seedlings with closed root system requires large financial and labor investments due to prolonged manual care. Therefore, to create artificial plantations in the green zone of Nur-Sultan, Picea sibirica , Picea nigra and Quercus robur can be recommended. When growing them, it is necessary to carry out thorough agro-technical cares and protection from rodents.

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