scholarly journals Apoptosis Detected in Hybrids between Nicotiana debneyi and N. tabacum.

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Marubashi ◽  
Marimi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Debneyi

Isolation, Culture and Plant Regeneration From Protoplasts of Nicotiana debneyi

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
WR Scowcroft ◽  
PJ Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Protoplast Culture ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Dna Uptake ◽  
Mesophyll Protoplasts ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Protoplast Division

Mesophyll protoplasts of two genetically distinct genotypes of N. debneyi were cultured with sustained division following a plating efficiency in excess of 50%. Fully fertile mature plants were regenerated from callus cultures derived from protoplasts. Shoots were induced in medium containing 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.5 mg/I indole acetic acid. The repeatably high efficiency of protoplast culture was used to evaluate the quantitative effects of two drugs, kanamycin and trimethoprim, which effectively inhibited colony formation at concentrations of 100 and 50 �g/ml, respectively. An enhancer of DNA uptake, poly-L-ornithine, had virtually no effect on sustained protoplast division at a concentration of 7.5 �g/ml or less.

Phytotropins. IV. Effect of Phytotropins on Cultured Plant Cells and Protoplasts

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Larkin ◽  
W Scowcroft ◽  
AE Geissler ◽  
GF Katekar
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Polar Transport ◽  
Suspension Cultured Cells ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The phytotropins l-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione (CPP) and 5-(2-carboxyphenyl)- 3-phenylpyrazole (CPD) reduced the net efflux of radiolabel from suspension-cultured cells treated with [14C]2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid when present at concentrations comparable to those that inhibit polar transport of auxins in bean petioles. These phytotropins stimulated division of protoplasts of both Nicotiana debneyi and Petunia hybrida at concentrations of exogenous auxins that were otherwise suboptimal for divisions. The results are consistent with the proposal that phytotropins interact with specific receptors to reduce auxin efflux, resulting in increased intracellular auxin concentrations.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETICS OF FLOWER MODIFICATION OF A CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILE TOBACCO

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
D U Gerstel ◽  
J A Burns ◽  
S A Sand
Keyword(s):  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Chromosome Segment ◽  
Flower Structure ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi

ABSTRACT Plants combining the cytoplasm of Nicotiana debneyi and the 48 chromosomes from N. tabacum are male sterile. Early backcross generations of the amphidiploid hybrid to male N. tabacum produced a great variety of plants from which a series of phenotypes with characteristic flower forms and transmission rates have been isolated. Type 1A possesses completely feminized stamens and deeply split corollas, breeds true when backcrossed to normal males and carries 48 N. tabacum chromosomes. Other phenotypes, 2C, 3E and 4H, range toward normal morphology of corollas and stamens. Like 1A, 2C forms no anther tissue and has 48 chromosomes. This type is transmitted to 36.3% of the backcross progeny, the remainder being of type 1A; presumably 2C carries a chromosome segment from N. debneyi that is responsible for the partial restoration of flower structure. In contrast, both 3E and 4H produce anthers and possess an extra chromosome. The extra chromosomes are transmitted to only 19.9% and 7.1% of the progeny, respectively. Significantly, the extra chromosomes found in the anther-forming types are nucleolus organizing and carry a satellite from N. debneyi. On the basis of these observations, we surmise that differentiation of anthers in plants with N. debneyi cytoplasm may depend on the presence of a nucleolus-organizing chromosome from that species. This chromosome is unstable; unaltered, it conditions a highly restored phenotype (4H), but when structurally modified, it may control different phenotypic expressions. Other examples of satellited restorer chromosomes had been reported for different cytoplasmically male-sterile combinations; therefore, the phenomenon may have more general significance.

Association of the IVR Gene with Virus Localization and Resistance

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gad Loebenstein ◽  
William Dawson ◽  
Abed Gera
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Full Length ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Coat Proteins ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Full Length Gene

We have reported that localization of TMV in tobacco cultivars with the N gene, is associated with a 23 K protein (IVR) that inhibited replication of several plant viruses. This protein was also found in induced resistant tissue of Nicotiana glutinosa x Nicotiana debneyi. During the present grant we found that TMV production is enhanced in protoplasts and plants of local lesion responding tobacco cultivars exposed to 35oC, parallel to an almost complete suppression of the production of IVR. We also found that IVR is associated with resistance mechanisms in pepper cultivars. We succeeded to clone the IVR gene. In the first attempt we isolated a clone - "101" which had a specific insert of 372 bp (the full length gene for the IVR protein of 23 kD should be around 700 bp). However, attempts to isolate the full length gene did not give clear cut results, and we decided not to continue with this clone. The amino acid sequence of the N-terminus of IVR was determined and an antiserum was prepared against a synthetic peptide representing amino acids residues 1-20 of IVR. Using this antiserum as well as our polyclonal antiserum to IVR a new clone NC-330 was isolated using lamba-ZAP library. This NC-330 clone has an insert of about 1 kB with an open reading frame of 596 bp. This clone had 86.6% homology with the first 15 amino acids of the N-terminal part of IVR and 61.6% homology with the first 23 amino acids of IVR. In the QIA expression system and western blotting of the expressed protein, a clear band of about 21 kD was obtained with IVR antiserum. This clone was used for transformation of Samsun tobacco plants and we have presently plantlets which were rooted on medium containing kanamycin. Hybridization with this clone was also obtained with RNA from induced resistant tissue of Samsun NN but not with RNA from healthy control tissue of Samsun NN, or infected or healthy tissue of Samsun. This further strengthens the previous data that the NC 330 clone codes for IVR. In the U.S. it was shown that IVR is induced in plants containing the N' gene when infected with mutants of TMV that elicit the HR. This is a defined system in which the elicitor is known to be due to permutations of the coat protein which can vary in elicitor strength. The objective was to understand how IVR synthesis is induced after recognition of elicitor coat protein in the signal transduction pathway that leads to HR. We developed systems to manipulate induction of IVR by modifying the elicitor and are using these elicitor molecules to isolate the corresponding plant receptor molecules. A "far-western" procedure was developed that found a protein from N' plants that specifically bind to elicitor coat proteins. This protein is being purified and sequenced. This objective has not been completed and is still in progress. We have reported that localization of TMV in tobacco cultivars with the N gene, is associated with a 23 K protein (IVR) that inhibited replication of several plant viruses. This protein was also found in induced resistant tissue of Nicotiana glutinosa x Nicotiana debneyi.

scholarly journals Heterologous Movement Protein Strongly Modifies the Infection Phenotype of Cucumber Mosaic Virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 3554-3557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emese Huppert ◽  
Dénes Szilassy ◽  
Katalin Salánki ◽  
Zoltán Divéki ◽  
Ervin Balázs
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Movement Protein ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Symptom Phenotype

ABSTRACT A hybrid virus (CMVcymMP) constructed by replacing the movement protein (MP) of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) with that of cymbidium ringspot tombusvirus (CymRSV) was viable and could efficiently spread both cell to cell and long distance in host plants. The hybrid virus was able to move cell to cell in the absence of functional CP, whereas CP-deficient CMV was restricted to single inoculated cells. In several Chenopodium and Nicotiana species, the symptom phenotype of the hybrid virus infection was clearly determined by the foreign MP gene. In Nicotiana debneyi and Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi, the hybrid virus could move systemically, contrary to CymRSV.

Effect of the Nicotiana debneyi black root rot resistance gene on the yield and quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in Ontario

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Haji ◽  
R. A. Brammall ◽  
D. L. VanHooren
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Chalara Elegans ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Rot Disease

The effects of Nicotiana debneyi-derived resistance to black root rot disease were evaluated for yield, agronomic and quality traits by comparing the near isogenic cultivars AC Gayed (resistant) and Delgold (susceptible). Over 7 yr of trials the possession of resistance led to yields and economic returns that averaged 6 and 7% lower, respectively, than for the susceptible line. Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Nicotiana tabaccum, Black Root Rot, Chalara elegans, Nicotiana debneyi, yield, quality

Resistance of tobacco to pandemic blue mould Peronospora hyoscyami de Bary syn P. tabacina Adam): a historical overview

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Lea
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Blue Mould ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi

Summary. The pandemic of Peronospora hyoscyami de Bary (syn. P. tabacina Adam) introduced into Britain from Australia in 1957 swept across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East and the former Soviet Union in the early 1960s causing catastrophic losses of tobacco crops. Nicotiana debneyi Domin. is the major source of resistance to this pathogen in Australia and Europe. A blue mould resistant version of USA cultivar Hicks (designated Resistant Hicks) was bred by H. W. Lea. This cultivar, with resistance from N. debneyi was widely used in Europe from 1962 as a parent with local varieties. From 1965 Bel 61 lines bred by the United States Department of Agriculture, also with resistance from N. debneyi were phased in as a source of resistance in some countries. The cultivar Resistant Hicks was selected for resistance in growing seasons with few cloudy days, and its high resistance in Australia has been stable for over 40 years; the cultivar Dynes mostly grown in Australia has the Resistant Hicks source of resistance. The high resistance to Peronospora possessed by cultivars developed from the Bel 61 lines has been stable for more than 20 years in Europe; the Bel lines were selected under shade conditions. Nicotiana debneyi has resistance to Peronospora hyoscyami on 8 chromosomes; there is evidence that both American and Australian resistant cultivars derive some resistance from Nicotiana tabacum L. Both the cultivar Resistant Hicks and Bel 61 lines possess only part of the full resistance available from N. debneyi; further progress may be possible by hybridising these 2 lines and incorporating resistance from other resistant Australian species.

Accumulation of scopoletin is associated with the high disease resistance of the hybrid Nicotiana glutinosa x Nicotiana debneyi

Planta ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.Ahl Goy ◽  
H. Signer ◽  
R. Reist ◽  
R. Aichholz ◽  
W. Blum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi
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