scholarly journals Avoidance within a changing assessment paradigm for Mediterranean Hake stocks

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. RAGONESE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Present Note ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Merluccius Merluccius ◽  
Recovery Plan ◽  
Large Size

The Mediterranean hake Merluccius merluccius L., 1758, is the emblem of the so-called Mediterranean demersal fisheries paradox, showing a persistent, although stable, status of growth overexploitation and an impressive gap between current and any biological reference point. Almost full avoidance capability of large size females to bottom trawls, higher overall growth rates than previously believed and higher natural mortality in juveniles than adult, were considered among the most plausible explanation factors of such persistence. In the present note, arguments are illustrated to raise some concern about avoidance and highlight the important role of the other factors in improving assessments and launching a short term recovery plan for Mediterranean Hake stocks which is more acceptable to fishermen.

Competition Law in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
David J. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Voices ◽  
The Us ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
European Competition Law

European competition law is the other central player in the competition law world, so an entire chapter is devoted to understanding how it works and how to deal with it. Virtually all firms operating beyond their own national boundaries need to pay attention to it, many regimes use it as a model and reference point, and its institutions have broad and often deep influence on many others. Some aspects of the substantive law are similar to US antitrust, but the similarities are sometimes misleading. For example, EU law uses economic analysis in ways that often differ from how it is used in the US. Procedural and institutional arrangements are often complicated. They represent multiple voices, as national and EU institutions function together to create, apply, and enforce competition law. The chapter reveals how this system functions and what factors guide decisions in it. It looks, in particular, at the institutional arrangements between the EU and its member states, including the role of the European Competition Network.

Relationship between some Staphylococcus aureus pathogenic factors and growth rates and somatic cell counts

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Zecconi ◽  
Enrica Binda ◽  
Vitaliano Borromeo ◽  
Renata Piccinini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Binding Protein Gene ◽  
The One

Staphylococcus aureus isolates produce several pathogenic factors. The combination of these products influences the pathogenic role of different isolates, but their specific effects are well known in the pathogenesis of udder infections. This study focused on the association of polymorphism of the coagulase gene, protein A gene, collagen-binding protein gene, and of fibrinogen-binding protein gene on somatic cell count (SCC) and on Staph. aureus growth rate. Fifty Staph. aureus isolates from 13 dairy cow herds, located in seven different provinces, were considered. The results showed a low frequency of cna gene, similar to the one observed in human isolates. Meanwhile, the high frequency of efb gene indirectly confirmed the role of this factor in bacterial pathogenesis, being associated with adhesion to epithelia. The association of these two single genes with SCC and growth rate showed to be not significant. The polymorphism of spa gene was confirmed to be significantly associated with inflammatory response and growth rate, albeit with a pattern different from the one suggested for human isolates. Sorting of isolates based on the clusters obtained by combining polymorphisms of spa and coa genes and the presence of cna and efb genes, showed that a single cluster (cluster V) was prevalent in the different herds and provinces, while the other six clusters identified were widely spread among the remaining 60% of the isolates. Results showed that clusters VI and VII had significantly higher growth rates at 3, 4, and 6 h in comparison with the other clusters. Meanwhile, quarters infected with these strains showed significantly lower SCC levels. The frequency of isolates from cluster V, suggested that they should possess pathogenic factors increasing their invasiveness, even if in the presence of a stronger inflammatory response. These results indirectly confirm previous findings on the different interactions between isolates and the udder immune system. They also suggest that isolates with higher growth rates and inducing a lower inflammatory response have better chances to spread among the herd. The relatively simple genomic method proposed in this study could be applied by an increasing number of diagnostic laboratories and could be useful in studying the epidemiology of Staph. aureus intramammary infections in dairy herds when collecting data from the field.

scholarly journals Only Cheap Talk after All? New Experimental Psychological Findings on the Role of Verbal Proficiency in Mate Choice

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. Lange ◽  
Christine Hennighausen ◽  
Michael Brill ◽  
Frank Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Future Income ◽  
Audio Files ◽  
Self Presentations

Abstract Recent evolutionary experimental psychological research found that high verbal proficiency (VP) increased the perceived attractiveness of individuals (more so for males than females), especially in the context of a long-term relationship. Our study had the objective of replicating and extending this research. Similar to previous studies, audio files in which speakers performed scripted self-presentations that had equal content but varied on VP were used as stimuli for opposite-sex participants. VP was found to increase attractiveness ratings. The effects were mostly small for numerous variables relating to short-term mating, whereas they were moderate to large for long-term mating. Our participants attributed more future income, but not more total number of mates to speakers with higher VP. Female menstrual cycle effects on attractiveness ratings were not found. Contrary to former research, being more verbally proficient was not found to be more beneficial for one sex over the other.

The spectrum of generalised anxiety in clinical practice: the role of short-term, intermittent treatment∗

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (S34) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rickels ◽  
E. Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Family Practice ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intermittent Therapy ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Intermittent Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background DSM–IV generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) has a high lifetime prevalence, but subthreshold anxiety states are even more common, particularly in family practice.Method Generalised anxiety is conceptualised as a spectrum of disorders, with transient anxiety at one end and GAD at the other.Results Based on longterm experience with family practice patients, the authors suggest that most anxious patients, wherever on this continuum they are placed, could be treated with short-term, possibly intermittent, rather than chronic anxiolytic therapy. Data are presented which show that 50% of chronic GAD patients are only in need of such short-term intermittent therapy.Conclusions Further clinical research is needed to refine short-term, intermittent treatments for anxiety spectrum disorders, to make effective treatments available to those suffering from anxiety but falling short of diagnostic criteria for GAD, and to target more effectively the different treatment strategies.

scholarly journals The Other As a Source of Knowledge and a Reference Point for the Learning Adult

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Jerzy Semków
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Albert Bandura ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Intercultural Interactions

Aim. The aim of this paper is to discuss the possibility of adult learning by way of communicating with the representatives of other nations, cultures, and religions. Methods. The method used in the paper consists in the analysis of scholarly opinions wherein authors point out at the role of the Other human being in the process of our getting to know the world (from childhood: parents, neighbours – to the older age: people from different nations and cultures). The theory of learning introduced by Albert Bandura and Joanna Rutkowiak is utilized as a theoretical background. Results. The relation with the other can take many forms and fulfil different, albeit important in terms of education and functions. The other is a person who in numerous life situations becomes a source of knowledge for the learning adult, at the same time playing a role of a specific reference point. The recognition of the value of such resources acquires special meaning in the current situation wherein one can observe the emergence of attitudes of xenophobia and chauvinism. Moreover, learning through intercultural interactions can be seen as an effective way of gaining knowledge about the world of rapid changes. Conclusions. The paper concludes with the following questions: To what extent does the rising atmosphere of intolerance impoverish the cognitive sphere of the adult learner? In what way does the lack of acceptance of the Other destroy the field of sensitivity of the adult person? What are the prospects – given the current socio-political climate in Poland – and what kind of possibilities can be opened by the dialogical strategy of understanding Otherness?    

scholarly journals Short Term Effects of Grazing Sheep on Agroforestry based Pasture

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Tiffany Garnett ◽  
Brian Whitaker ◽  
Ashley Goodman ◽  
Sarah Casey ◽  
Kathrine Goff
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexual Receptivity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Grazing Sheep

The efficacy of producing sheep by grazing on agroforestry based pasture in relation to growth, breeding traits, and impacts on the pasture were investigated.  Sheep were placed on traditional or agroforestry grazing pasture and experiments determined growth rates, organic material and nitrogen concentrations of the soil, forestry utilization, and female breeding traits.  There were no significant differences between the growth traits.  There was significantly higher organic material from the agroforestry vs. the traditional pasture.  The nitrogen content from the agroforestry without sheep was significantly higher compared to the other plots.  The percent of understory cover on the agroforestry plot was significantly less compared to a control.  There were no significant differences in sexual receptivity or pregnancy rates in the ewes, but the lambing rates of the agroforestry was significantly higher than the traditional pasture.

scholarly journals Immune Modulation in Critically Ill Septic Patients

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Salvatore Lucio Cutuli ◽  
Simone Carelli ◽  
Domenico Luca Grieco ◽  
Gennaro De Pascale
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Immune Alteration ◽  
Personalized Approach

Sepsis is triggered by infection-induced immune alteration and may be theoretically improved by pharmacological and extracorporeal immune modulating therapies. Pharmacological immune modulation may have long lasting clinical effects, that may even worsen patient-related outcomes. On the other hand, extracorporeal immune modulation allows short-term removal of inflammatory mediators from the bloodstream. Although such therapies have been widely used in clinical practice, the role of immune modulation in critically ill septic patients remains unclear and little evidence supports the role of immune modulation in this clinical context. Accordingly, further research should be carried out by an evidence-based and personalized approach in order to improve the management of critically ill septic patients.

A Bird in the Hand Isn’t Good for Long

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Scherbaum ◽  
Simon Frisch ◽  
Maja Dshemuchadse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Folk Wisdom ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. Folk wisdom tells us that additional time to make a decision helps us to refrain from the first impulse to take the bird in the hand. However, the question why the time to decide plays an important role is still unanswered. Here we distinguish two explanations, one based on a bias in value accumulation that has to be overcome with time, the other based on cognitive control processes that need time to set in. In an intertemporal decision task, we use mouse tracking to study participants’ responses to options’ values and delays which were presented sequentially. We find that the information about options’ delays does indeed lead to an immediate bias that is controlled afterwards, matching the prediction of control processes needed to counter initial impulses. Hence, by using a dynamic measure, we provide insight into the processes underlying short-term oriented choices in intertemporal decision making.

Role of affect in short-term memory for paired associates.

1968 ◽  
Vol 78 (3, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 494-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin F. Nodine ◽  
James H. Korn
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Paired Associates

Plasma Levels of Protein S, Protein C, and Factor X: Effects of Sex, Hormonal State and Age

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1271-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M A Henkens ◽  
V J J Bom ◽  
W van der Schaaf ◽  
P M Pelsma ◽  
C Th Smit Sibinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Protein S ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Normal Ranges

SummaryWe measured total and free protein S (PS), protein C (PC) and factor X (FX) in 393 healthy blood donors to assess differences in relation to sex, hormonal state and age. All measured proteins were lower in women as compared to men, as were levels in premenopausal women as compared to postmenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that both age and subgroup (men, pre- and postmenopausal women) were of significance for the levels of total and free PS and PC, the subgroup effect being caused by the differences between the premenopausal women and the other groups. This indicates a role of sex-hormones, most likely estrogens, in the regulation of levels of pro- and anticoagulant factors under physiologic conditions. These differences should be taken into account in daily clinical practice and may necessitate different normal ranges for men, pre- and postmenopausal women.

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