scholarly journals Flight of San Jose scale, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus males and time of crawler appearance in orchards of northern Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Kyparissoudas
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
Sticky Tape ◽  
June July ◽  
July August September

The seasonal flight of San Jose scale (SJS), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock, males was studied during 1984-1987 in peach and nectarine orchards, under two different climatic conditions in Central Macedonia (Northern Greece), using sex pheromone traps. In late-season regions there were three periods of male flight activity (May, July-August, September – October), while in early-season regions there was also a partial fourth one (mid April-May, mid June-July. August – mid September and late September – early November). In the latter regions these flights can be correlated with the appearance of the scale crawlers during three periods (late May – early July, mid July – August, September – October) and a partial fourth one (November) in milder years, as determined using the sticky-tape trap technique. Pheromone traps and sticky-tape traps can be used for the study of phenology of San Jose scale, under conditions prevailing in Northern Greece.

scholarly journals Determination of spray dates for the control of the first generation of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus in Northern Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Kyparissoudas
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
Sticky Tape ◽  
The Relationship

During 1986-1988 the relationship between catches of San Jose scale (SJS), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock), adult males in pheromone traps and crawlers on sticky-tape traps was studied as a basis of SJS crawler control in apple orchards of Northern Greece. Spring male flight began in mid-to late April and crawler emergence occurred in mid-to late May. Crawlers were active for a period of 6-7 weeks until early July. Peak crawler emergence occurred approximately 12 days after the first emergence, or 42 days after the first males were captured on pheromone traps. Because in our 3-year study the crawler emergence occurred 29-31 days or 191-202 day-degrees (base 10.5°C) after the capture of the first male, we conclude that a consistent time-relationship exists between the two events. Two insecticide treatments, one three days after the first crawler appearance and another 10 days later (near peak crawler activity), provided the best control against the first generation of scale.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Encarsia perniciosi in areas of northern Greece as assessed by sex pheromone traps of its host Quadraspidiotus perniciosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Kyparissoudas
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus ◽  
San Jose Scale

During the 1982-1985 period the aphelinid endoparasite Encarsia perniciosi Tower was captured on synthetic pheromone traps of the San Jose scale (SJS), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock, in scale-infested insecticide treated and untreated orchards of Central and Western Macedonia (Northern Greece). It has expanded especially near the sites where it had been released, but also in areas 50-100 km from the point of release. The parasite in untreated orchards generally appeared from April to October, while in orchards treated with insecticides it was not caught after mid June. Spring flights of the parasite occurred on almost the same dates as the first captures of the male scale. Subsequent flights of E. perniciosi were not always synchronized with those of the male scale, and after the beginning of June the parasite showed a general decline throughout the remainder of each season. The pheromone of the scale insect acts as a kairomone to the parasite and it can be used in trapping systems in scale-infested orchards for the confirmation of the presence and the dis­tribution of E. perniciosi.

Quadraspidiotus perniciosus. [Distribution map].

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) [Hemiptera: Diaspididae] San Jose scale, California scale Polyphagous, attacking most deciduous fruits (trees and shrubs) and a wide range of other trees and shrubs. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, West Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, USSR, Azerbaijan SSR, Georgian SSR, Kazakh SSR, Moldavian SSR, Tadzhik SSR, Ukrainian SSR, Uzbek SSR, Russian SFSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Canary Islands, Madeira, Zaire, South Africa, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Afghanistan, China, India, Iran, Iraq, Jammu and Kashmir, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Pakistan, Turkey, AUSTRALASIA, Australia, New Zealand, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Mexico, USA, CENTRAL AMERICA and CARIBBEAN, Cuba, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela.

CONTROL OF THE SAN JOSE SCALE ON HARVESTED APPLES BY METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION AND COLD STORAGE

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. G. Morgan ◽  
A. P. Gaunce ◽  
B. J. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus ◽  
San Jose Scale

AbstractThe San Jose scale, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock), was killed on harvested apples by fumigation with 32 g/m3 of methyl bromide for 2 hours followed by standard cold storage for about a month. Fumigation, without storage, did not kill all the scale.

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