scholarly journals Efficacy of a Beauveria bassiana strain, Bacillus thuringiensis and their combination against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despoina Tsoulnara ◽  
Gordon Port
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Good Potential

A single leaf bioassay was developed to investigate the entomopathogenic efficacy of a Beauveria bassiana strain, Bacillus thuringiensis (Costar®) and their interactions on larval mortality of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Tomato leaves were removed from the plants and sprayed with manufacturers’ highest field recommended concentrations for tomato crops before or after infesting the leaves with the larvae. Third instar larvae proved the most susceptible, while susceptibility was lower in the second instar larvae. The combined use showed a higher potential indicating a positive synergistic effect. In addition, treated leaves were sprayed directly with concentrations of 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mL/L of B. bassiana. The efficacy was higher for the tested concentration of 0.20 mL/L that is higher than the recommended dose. The present study suggests that those bioinsecticides have a good potential in the control of T. absoluta.

The combined use of Bacillus thuringiensis and Nesidiocoris tenuis against the tomato borer Tuta absoluta

BioControl ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Mollá ◽  
Joel González-Cabrera ◽  
Alberto Urbaneja
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Tomato Borer

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Piper extracts on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in tomato

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Ferrari de Brito ◽  
Edson Luiz Lopes Baldin ◽  
Roney de Carvalho Macedo Silva ◽  
Leandro do Prado Ribeiro ◽  
José Djair Vendramim
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioactivity of ethanolic leaf extracts from four species of the genus Piper against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under laboratory conditions. The evaluated species were: P. amalago var. medium, P. glabratum, P. mikanianum, and P. mollicomum. In the initial screening assay (extract concentration of 2,000 mg L-1), all tested extracts caused significant larval mortality, particularly the extract of P. amalago var. medium; however, no extracts reduced the weight of the surviving larvae. The extract from P. amalago var. medium at the concentration of 1,011 mg L-1 caused a significant lengthening of the larval and pupal stages. The ethanolic leaf extract of P. amalago var. medium is promising for the control of T. absoluta larvae in tomato, since it exhibits acute toxicity toward these caterpillars at the concentration of 2,000 mg L-1 and affects the insect's development by reducing its survival and lengthening the larval and pupal stages.

scholarly journals Entomopathogenic efficacy of the endophytic fungi: Clonostachys sp. and Beauveria bassiana on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhela Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Rachida Bendebbah ◽  
Bouchra Benssaci ◽  
Fethia Toudji ◽  
Lamia Tafifet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner ◽  
Phytopathogenic Microorganisms

Abstract Background Endophytic fungi are excellent sources of new natural bioactive products with potential for exploitation in medical, agricultural, and industrial fields. Beneficial effects of endophytes are not only limited to promoting plant growth, but also to react as plant protection agents against phytopathogenic microorganisms and plant pests. The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the main tomato pests in South America and in the Mediterranean basin. Results In the present work, the effectiveness of two endophytic fungi Clonostachys spp. and Beauveria bassiana were tested against T. absoluta larvae. Evaluation of the larvicidal effect in the laboratory by spraying 3 concentrations (D1 = 4 × 107 spores/ml, D2 = 4 × 106 spores/ml and D3 = 4 × 105 spores/ml) of fungal suspensions showed remarkable efficacy, which varied depending on the tested strain, concentration of application and time of exposure. Statistical analysis showed highly significant results on larval mortality rates for both endophytic than the control. After 15 days, dead larvae were mummified. Applications of tested isolates in greenhouse experiments confirmed their marked biological control efficacy than the synthetic insecticide (Emamectin benzoat). Number of mined leaves decreased depending on the contact time of the larvae with the fungal spores. Conclusion Results suggest that the two endophytic fungi B. bassiana and Clonostachys spp. were very effective entomopathogenic fungi against T. absoluta. Indeed, the present study revealed the pathogenicity of Clonostachys spp. against T. absoluta larvae for the first time.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis against tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Mantzoukas ◽  
Nikoleta-Kleio Denaxa ◽  
Ioannis Lagogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Combined Application

Susceptibility of Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) populations to Metarhizium anisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. T. absoluta larvae were treated either individually or in combination with a single dose rate of B. thuringiensis (0.5 μL/L) and three conidial suspensions viz. 1x104, 1x106 and 1x108 spores/mL of M. anisopliae. Larval mortality, pupation, adult emergence, mycosis and sporulation varied depending on the application of different quantities of M. anisopliae alone and in combination with B. thuringiensis. Maximum mortality (100%) was achieved in 2nd instar larvae when M. anisopliae (1x108 spores/mL) and B. thuringiensis (0.5µL/L) were applied synergistically,while 4th instar larvae recorded a 95.45% mortality. Compared with the untreated checks, mortality, pupation and adult emergence of both 2nd and 4th instar larvae were significantly reduced with the combined application of M. anisopliae (1x108 spores/mL) and B. thuringiensis (0.5µL/L). Μycosis was most prevalent on 2nd and 4th instar larvae, exceeding 88 and 80% respectively,after exposure to 1×104 conidia/mL. The results indicate that the entomopathogenic fungi and the insecticidal protein produced by B. thuringiensis can be used in combination as biocontrol agents for the management of T. absoluta.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum to Induce Maize (Zea mays L.) Defense against the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) and Larval Immune Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8215
Author(s):  
Raufa Batool ◽  
Muhammad Jawad Umer ◽  
Yangzhou Wang ◽  
Kanglai He ◽  
Tiantao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Ostrinia Furnacalis ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Ostrinia furnacalis, is the major pest of maize causing significant yield losses. So far, many approaches have been used to increase the virulence of entomopathogenic fungal isolates. The current study is an attempt to estimate synergistic effect of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum in order to explore larval immune response through RNA sequencing and differentially expression analysis. In vivo synergism was examined in seven proportions (B. bassiana: T. asperellum = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1) and in the in vitro case, two inoculation methods were applied: seed coating and soil drenching. Results revealed significant decrease in plant damage and high larval mortality in fungal treatments. Fungal isolates mediated the plant defense by increasing proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and protease activities. Seed coating method was proved to be the most effective in case of maize endophytic colonization. In total, 59 immune-related differentially expressed genes DEGs were identified including, cytochrome P450, heat shock protein, ABC transporter, cadherin, peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), cuticlular protein, etc. Further, transcriptomic response was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our results concluded that, coculture of B. bassiana and T. asperellum has the synergistic potential to suppress the immune response of O. furnacalis and can be used as sustainable approach to induce plant resistance through activation of defense-related enzymes.

scholarly journals Potential of two indigenous strains of entomopathogenic nematodes, (Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) against the tomato leafminer (TLM), Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), under laboratory and greenhouse environmental bioassay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Kumar Kasi ◽  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Kanchhi Maya Waiba ◽  
P L Lal Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Tomato Leafminer

Abstract The tomato leafminer (Tuta Absoluta) is an important pest of tomato crops which have features like; high reproductive potential, Invasive species are major threats to agronomic and natural ecosystems. Based on the pathogenicity of strains, only two isolates effectively show larvicidal activity. The native isolate was obtained from soil samples, collected from Rajgarh, Hamachi Pradesh, India. Petri dish bioassay use nematodes S. feltiae HR1 and H. bacteriophora HR2 species dose (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160/ IJs/cm2). The (%) 1st instar larval mortality was ranged from 24.15 to 85.38 %. 2nd instar from 29.87 to 90.00 %. 3rd instar from 24.15 to 90.00 %. 4th instar from 31.53 to 90.00 % and pupae stage mortality was ranged from 31.53 to 85.38 %. Larvicidal activity after 48- and 72-hours exposure, the S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora (1.0, 1.30, 1.60, 1.90, 2.20/IJs/cm2) showed potent larvicidal activity with LC50, LC75 and LC90 of all instars and pupa show high mortality. The strain inhibits the larval and pupal development 48 to 72 hr exposer time with LC50 range from 05.42 to 23.67, LC75 20.29 to 83.12, LC90 16.52 to 98.89. Green house test is using the seam isolate of EPNs (HR1, HR2) on foliar application it caused by significant mortality results. These studies demonstrate the challenge for invasive species. The local indigenous strains of EPNs (S. feltiae HR1, H. bacteriophora HR2) as a good biocontrol agent against invasive pest of T. absoluta.

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