scholarly journals Η χρήση μεβράνης κολλαγόνου ίππειου περικάρδιου για την αποκατάσταση ελλειμάτων στομάχου

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Κωνσταντίνος Σπηλιόπουλος
Keyword(s):  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Bursting Pressure ◽  
Pericardial Patch ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Equine Pericardial Patch ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits ◽  
Muscular Regeneration ◽  
Observation Period

Objective The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of an equine pericardial patch forthe repair of full-thickness defects of the stomach wall.Materials and methods Circular defects of 1.5 cm diameter, on the anterior wall of thestomach of 12 female New Zealand rabbits, were repaired by an equine pericardial patch.After euthanasia at six different time intervals (3 days- 8 weeks) macroscopic evaluation of theabdominal cavity (including adhesion scoring), mechanical testing and histologicalexamination of the stomach were performed.Results All animals survived the operative procedure and had a normal post-operative course,without complications, until euthanasia. None of the patches failed and the abdomen remainedgrossly intact in all cases. Adhesions were observed in all animals and were quite significant in3/12 animals. Bursting pressure testing indicated that the repair was durable and that adequatestrength to prevent local failure was achieved by the second week. Histological examinationshowed gradual narrowing of the perforation site by mucosal and limited muscular regeneration. By the end of the observation period, a well-organized, vascularized, andstructured fibrotic layer had formed on the outside of the patch, which was undergoing slowdegradation.Conclusions The equine pericardial patch was successfully used to repair a gastric defect inour experimental model and it seems that it could have potential as a material suitable forfurther research, concerning repair of upper gastrointestinal defects.

Repair of gastric defects with an equine pericardial patch

Surgery Today ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Kostantinos Spiliopoulos ◽  
Charalampos Markakis ◽  
Periklis Tomos ◽  
Hariklia Gakiopoulou ◽  
Ioannis Nikolopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Patch ◽  
Equine Pericardial Patch

scholarly journals Acute oral toxicity study of GAL-57 (Bentazon + Dicamba) herbicide in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragica Brkic ◽  
Slavica Gasic ◽  
Nesko Neskovic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Righting Reflex ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Observation Period

An acute oral toxicity study of the herbicide GAL-57 (Avalon), a mixture of bentazon and dicamba as active ingredients, was investigated on rats, using a new method that has been used in the past several years (2001). Clinical observations symptoms and mortality were performed for all animals in different time intervals after treatment, and gross necropsy was performed at the end of observation period. Clinical symptoms (decreased activity, prone position, abnormal limb position, decreased righting reflex, decreased grip and limb tone, decreased body and abdominal tone, dyspnoea) of marked degree were noted after administration of 2000 mg/kg, and animals were dead in the period of 30-60 minutes after the treatment. GAL-57 did not cause any clinical sings at single 300 mg/kg bw dose. The physical condition and behavior of animals (males and females) were normal, and it is not differ in reaction to the control. According to the methodology used in the present study, it could be concluded that the acute oral LD-50 value of the GAL-57 proved to be between 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight in rats, and the product was ranked into Poison group III according to Serbian criteria, category 4 of the Global Harmonized Classification System, and Category III of the EPA classification.

scholarly journals Effects of Using an Alternative Bedding Composition on the Levels of Indicator Microorganisms and Mammary Health in Dairy Farm Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
František Zigo ◽  
Nad’a Sasáková ◽  
Gabriela Gregová ◽  
Jana Výrostková ◽  
Silvia Ondrašovičová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
Actual Observation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Observation Period

The aim of this study was to compare an improved bedding composition with conventional straw bedding under farm conditions, regarding its effects on the influence of indicator microorganisms on the hygiene levels of cubicle floors and the occurrence of mastitis in dairy cows. Dairy cows were housed in newly built stalls divided into two parts, each with four subsections, and bedded cubicles arranged in three rows. Five stall subsections from each 9-bedded cubicle were selected for study, and 30 dairy cows were monitored according to the time intervals of bedding treatment for cubicles. In the first subsection (control), the cows were housed in bedded cubicles layered with straw up to a height of 20 cm. Sections 2–5 had alternative bedding (AB) as follows: fresh AB, AB 1 month old, AB 2 months old, and AB 3 months old, which were bedded one day before (fresh) and 1–3 months before the actual observation period, respectively. The alternative bedding per one cubicle consisted of ground limestone (100 kg), water (80 L), recycled manure solids (RMS; 15 kg), and straw (25 kg). After laying, the bedding was treated with a concrete selector to provide strength and sufficient resistance. A total of 180 bedding and 600 quarter milk samples were taken simultaneously from all five monitored subsections for microbiological determination. Comparing classical straw bedding with the alternate bedding showed a stabilizing effect by keeping the bedding thickness up to the floor barrier level, which had a beneficial effect by reducing the level of fecal contamination in the rear of the cubicle. Fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci were found to be reduced in one-day-old bedding as well as after the first, second, and third months. By evaluating the health status of the mammary glands, a positive effect was noted in reducing the occurrence of subclinical mastitis, which was reflected in a reduced number of infected quarters in the group of cows housed in cubicles for three months after use of improved bedding.

The Antihypertensive Effects of Ketanserin (R 41 468), a Novel 5-Hydroxytryptamine-Blocking Agent, in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 473s-476s ◽  
Author(s):  
J. De Crée ◽  
J. Leempoels ◽  
H. Geukens ◽  
W. De Cock ◽  
H. Verhaegen
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Systolic Time Intervals ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Venous Capacitance ◽  
Systolic Time ◽  
5Ht2 Receptor ◽  
Observation Period

1. In a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study a 4 week treatment with ketanserin was shown to reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure markedly and significantly in 10 patients with essential hypertension. Heart rate remained virtually unchanged during the whole observation period. Systolic time intervals, reflecting cardiac output, did not change during the ketanserin phase, whereas these values deteriorated during the placebo period. 2. Ketanserin, a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT2)-receptor antagonist with a high selectivity for blood vessels and thrombocytes, most probably acts by decreasing the venous capacitance bed constriction, and by counteraction of the amplifying effects of serotonin on noradrenaline and other vasoactive amines.

scholarly journals Influence of systematic effects on fertility traits in Swiss Brown cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-549
Author(s):  
J. C. Bielfeldt ◽  
R. Badertscher ◽  
K.-H. Tölle ◽  
J. Krieter
Keyword(s):  
Random Effect ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Central Switzerland ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract. The study was conducted to investigate the influence of systematic effects on fertility traits in Swiss Brown cows. Days to first service (DFS), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), non-return rate 90 (NRR90), and conception rate to first service (CRFS) were analysed. The data set included records from 82,755 cows out of 1,674 farms in Eastern and Central Switzerland. The observation period lasted from January 1988 to May 2002. Housing system, lactation number, region, zone, calving/insemination season, (all fixed), and 305-day milk yield (covariable) were tested significant at a level of p < 0.05. The random effect of herd*year accounted for between 5.2 and 16.9 % of the total variance. Improved fertility results were consistently investigated in loose housing systems. DFS (67.8 vs. 71.0 days), DO (86.3 vs. 96.0), and CI (378.7 vs. 386.7) were shorter, NRR90 (66 vs. 61 %) and CRFS (52 vs. 44 %) were higher in loose housing systems compared to tie-stall barns. Cows in the first lactation had longer time intervals and lower success rates compared to cows in the second and third lactation. In higher lactation numbers, the reproductive performance consistently decreased. Cows in Eastern Switzerland had the first service 1 day later (69.7 vs. 68.8) compared to animals in Central Switzerland, otherwise the time intervals (DFS –0.9 days; CI –0.8 days) as well as the success rates (NRR90 +3 %; FSCR +4 %) were better. NRR90 and FSCR were highest in the insemination season from April to June (67 and 52 %, resp.). FSCR was lowest from January to March (48 %) and NRR90 had the lowest values from October to December (60 %).

scholarly journals Study of pharmacokinetics of liposomal photosensitiser based on hydroxyaluminium tetra-3-phenylthiophthalocyanine on mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Budko ◽  
Z. G. Deichman ◽  
G. A. Meerovich ◽  
L. M. Borisova ◽  
I. G. Мeerovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Liposomal Form ◽  
Calculated Concentration ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Fluorescent Signal ◽  
Fluorescent Method ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System ◽  
Observation Period

The present work is devoted to the study of pharmacokinetics of infrared photosensitizer (PS) based on hydroxyaluminium tetra‑3‑phenylthiophthalocyanine in a sterically stabilized liposomal form. The study was carried out on adult female mice. The PS was administered once intravenously at a dose of 6 mg / kg. Evaluation of the PS accumulation dynamics in the mice tissues and organs was performed at time intervals from 5 minutes to 7 days using spectral‑fluorescent method. The maximum accumulation of the PS photoactive form was recorded in lungs (32 µg / g in the interval of 5–30 minutes after introduction), liver (20.8 µg / g in the interval of 4–24 hours after introduction) and spleen (28 µg / g 4 hours after introduction). At the same time, by the end of the observation period (7 days after administration), trace amounts of the PS photoactive form were still detected in the liver and the spleen at a calculated concentration of 0.5‑1 µg / g. The PS accumulated the least in muscles and skin. The fluorescent signal from the PS accumulated in skin was detectable almost immediately, and its concentration remained at the same level (1.2‑1.5 µg / g) for up to 3 days of observation. In the muscles, the concentration of the PS reached 1.5 µg / g 15 minutes after administration, and then gradually decreased until 0.25 µg / g at 24 hours. Data on the pharmacokinetics of PS in blood, basic organs and tissues of animals were obtained, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. 7 days after the administration, the PS concentration in the skin and muscles was below the detection limit. The studies confrmed that PEGylation of the PS liposomal form slows down the process of its capture by reticulo‑endothelial system. It was shown that the PS circulates in blood and organs of mice for a long time and it completely distributes only when 4 hours pass after administration.

scholarly journals Varespladib (LY315920) and Methyl Varespladib (LY333013) Abrogate or Delay Lethality Induced by Presynaptically Acting Neurotoxic Snake Venoms

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Gutiérrez ◽  
Matthew R. Lewin ◽  
David. J. Williams ◽  
Bruno Lomonte
Keyword(s):  
Quaternary Structure ◽  
Snake Venoms ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Orally Bioavailable ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Crotalus Durissus ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Observation Period

The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor Varespladib (LY315920) and its orally bioavailable prodrug, methyl-Varespladib (LY333013) inhibit PLA2 activity of a wide variety of snake venoms. In this study, the ability of these two forms of Varespladib to halt or delay lethality of potent neurotoxic snake venoms was tested in a mouse model. The venoms of Notechis scutatus, Crotalus durissus terrificus, Bungarus multicinctus, and Oxyuranus scutellatus, all of which have potent presynaptically acting neurotoxic PLA2s of variable quaternary structure, were used to evaluate simple dosing regimens. A supralethal dose of each venom was injected subcutaneously in mice, followed by the bolus intravenous (LY315920) or oral (LY333013) administration of the inhibitors, immediately and at various time intervals after envenoming. Control mice receiving venom alone died within 3 h of envenoming. Mice injected with O. scutellatus venom and treated with LY315920 or LY333013 survived the 24 h observation period, whereas those receiving C. d. terrificus and B. multicinctus venoms survived at 3 h or 6 h with a single dose of either form of Varespladib, but not at 24 h. In contrast, mice receiving N. scutatus venom and then the inhibitors died within 3 h, similarly to the control animals injected with venom alone. LY315920 was able to reverse the severe paralytic manifestations in mice injected with venoms of O. scutellatus, B. multicinctus, and C. d. terrificus. Overall, results suggest that the two forms of Varespladib are effective in abrogating, or delaying, neurotoxic manifestations induced by some venoms whose neurotoxicity is mainly dependent on presynaptically acting PLA2s. LY315920 is able to reverse paralytic manifestations in severely envenomed mice, but further work is needed to understand the significance of species-specific differences in animal models as they compare to clinical syndromes in human and for potential use in veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals Successful implantation of a decellularized equine pericardial patch into the systemic circulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Maria Dohmen ◽  
Francisco da Costa ◽  
Sergio Vega Lopes ◽  
Ricardo Vilani ◽  
Oliver Bloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Pericardial Patch ◽  
Equine Pericardial Patch

Experimental Evaluation of the Optimal Suture Pattern With a Flexible Endoscopic Suturing System

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Halvax ◽  
Michele Diana ◽  
Yoshihiro Nagao ◽  
Jacques Marescaux ◽  
Lee Swanström
Keyword(s):  
Suture Material ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Bursting Pressure ◽  
Endoscopic Suturing ◽  
Endoluminal Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Suturing Technique ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Current Systems

Background. The ability to perform reliable, secure endoluminal closure of the gastrointestinal tract wall, is a prerequisite to support the progress of the emerging field of endoluminal surgery. Along with advanced clipping systems, flexible endoscopic suturing devices are commercially available. Current systems can replicate traditional surgical suturing patterns in the endoluminal environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal endoluminal suturing technique using a flexible endoscopic suturing device. Materials and Methods. Procedures were performed on bench-top simulators containing 20 explanted porcine stomachs. A standardized 3-cm full-thickness incision was created on the anterior wall of each stomach using monopolar cautery. The gastrotomy was closed endoscopically using an over-the-scope suturing device (OverStitch, Apollo Endosurgery; Austin, TX). Three different techniques were used: single stitches, figure-of-8 pattern, and running suture. Material consumption and operation time were recorded and bursting pressure measurement of the closure was performed. Results. No statistically significant differences were identified in suturing time. Suturing time (minutes) was slightly shorter with the figure-of-8 technique (41.14 ± 4.6) versus interrupted (45.75 ± 1.1) versus continuous (51.44 ± 10.0), but the difference was not statistically significant. The number of sutures required was greater in the interrupted group. No significant difference was found in the burst pressure (mm Hg): figure-of-8 (45.85 ± 26.2) versus interrupted (30.5 ± 22.89) versus continuous (32.0 ± 26.5). In the figure-of-8 group, 85.5% of cases were leakproof above 30 mm Hg, while in the other groups only 50% of cases were so. Conclusion. A figure-of-8 suturing pattern seems to be the preferable suturing technique with the endoscopic suturing device.

scholarly journals Hem-o-Lok Clip in the First Part of Duodenum after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Seyyedmajidi ◽  
Seyed Ashkan Hosseini ◽  
Shahin Hajiebrahimi ◽  
Jamshid Vafaeimanesh
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Common Bile Duct Exploration ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Ligation Method ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) have become the standard surgical procedure for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. During the operation, cystic duct and vessels are usually controlled by Hem-o-Lok clips. We report a case with a complaint of severe abdominal pain for the previous 20 days. Her medical history was unremarkable except for laparoscopic cholecystectomy 8 months ago. In upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, two Hem-o-Lok clips at anterior wall of the first part of duodenum were detected. Therefore, the clip can migrate during postoperative period and Hem-o-Lok is not a very safe ligation method during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

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