The Effect of Human Relationship Pressure and Punishment Cost on Third-Party Punishment: The Moderating Effect of Social Distance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
恭敬 师
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Human Relationship

A Study of the Moderating Effect of Social Distance on the Relationship Between Motivators and Game Engagement

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Youngkeun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Game Engagement ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between motivation factors and game engagement and explore the moderating effect of perceived social distance on those relationships. For this, the present study collected data from 228 college students in South Korean through a survey method and used hierarchical multiple regression analyses with three-steps to test the hypotheses. In the results, first, the more fantasy, diversion, or arousal participants pursue in gameplay, the more they are engaged in the game. Second, the positive relationship between arousal and game engagement is stronger for participants in high rather than low in social exclusion. However, social exclusion was found to have no significance in the relationship between other motivators and game engagement. For research contribution, this study is the first one to examine the integral model of motivation factors of engagement in the game platform and to investigate the moderating effect of perceived social distance in gameplay.

scholarly journals Teams Do Inflict Costly Third-Party Punishment as Individuals Do: Experimental Evidence

Games ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Kenju Kamei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
Everyday Lives

Initiated by the seminal work of Fehr and Fischbacher (Evolution and Human Behavior (2004)), a large body of research has shown that people often take punitive actions towards norm violators even when they are not directly involved in transactions. This paper shows in an experimental setting that this behavioral finding extends to a situation where a pair of individuals jointly decides how strong a third-party punishment to impose. It also shows that this punishment behavior is robust to the size of social distance within pairs. These results lend useful insight since decisions in our everyday lives and also in courts are often made by teams.

scholarly journals The influence of website quality and star rating signals on booking intention: Analyzing the moderating effect of variety seeking

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Belver-Delgado ◽  
Sonia San-Martín ◽  
Rosa M. Hernández-Maestro
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Variety Seeking ◽  
Website Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Star Rating ◽  
Quality Signals

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of booking website (hotel or third-party) characteristics and hotel star-rating classification, as signals of quality, on travelers’ relationships with hotels or hotel chains, taking into account the moderating effect of travelers’ tendencies to seek variety. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypothesized relationships, structural equation modeling was performed. A multi-group analysis was also conducted to test the moderating effect of travelers’ variety seeking. Findings Both booking website quality and star rating improve customer satisfaction with specific experiences at hotels and behavioral intentions toward hotels. The results also show that travelers’ variety-seeking levels (low/high) exert a moderating effect on their overall relationships with hotels, and quality signals are more relevant for those who are less inclined to seek variety in their travel experiences. Originality/value This paper analyzes the importance of quality signals on travelers’ relationships with hotels in an electronic shopping environment. Furthermore, the influence of travelers’ variety-seeking in the hotel sector in particular is studied. For hotel managers, a better knowledge of this personality trait can help to apply successful segmentation strategies.

Effect of Tourist-To-Tourist Encounters: Increased Conflict or Reduced Social Distance?

2021 ◽  
pp. 109634802110149
Author(s):  
Shizhen Bai ◽  
Hsuan-Hsuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated tourist-to-tourist interactions among those with different nationalities (Japan and Taiwan) and analyzed whether tourists’ nationality significantly affects their perceptions of conflict, including cultural and behavioral conflict. Furthermore, the study also examined whether the tourists’ role typology and nationality could moderate the relationship between encounter level and the resulting conflict or diminished social distance. Results indicated that the Taiwanese tourists experienced more conflict than did their Japanese counterparts, more tourist-to-tourist encounters minimized social distance, and different perceptions of role affected the encounter reactions (either conflict or mutual understanding). In the end, the tourists’ role typology moderated the relationship between encounter level and encounter conflict; and tourist’s nationality has the moderating effect on the relationship between encounter level and social distance. In the end, the key research findings regarding tourist-to-tourist encounters and interactions were also discussed from the perspective of Confucianism.

scholarly journals Intonational variation in third party complaints in Spanish

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Rao
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Mexican Spanish ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Small Data Set

Very little previous research has addressed the prosodic characteristics of third party complaints. This paper discusses an utterance and word level intonational analysis of this speech act in four speakers of Mexican Spanish. The effect of social distance/ power relationships was incorporated into the study by creating an experimental data elicitation task in which participants addressed identical complaints to a friend, as well as a boss, based on a series of hypothetical contexts. Major global findings revealed that all speakers significantly increased their fundamental frequency (F0) mean when directing their complaints to friends, however, only two speakers significantly expanded their F0 range in the same circumstance. Locally, peaks and valleys were manifested at significantly higher levels across the board when addressing friends. Finally, while speakers produced complaint contours of similar overall shape regardless of hearer, individual variation was present in the form of circumflex versus suppressed utterance-final F0 configurations. Overall, the relatively small data set initiated preliminary thoughts on the application of both cross-linguistic and language- and dialect-specific intonational concepts to complaints while also emphasizing the importance of relationships between interlocutors for future studies.

How E-WOM motivations vary by hotel review website

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 2730-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Mapel Belarmino ◽  
Yoon Koh
Keyword(s):  
Service Recovery ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agency ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Based on equity theory, this paper investigates if guests write on different review websites because of different internal motivations. Furthermore, it examines the moderating effect of service’ exceeds, neutral, negative, and service recovery–on the relationship between motivations and type of website to write reviews. Design/methodology/approach To exam if the star ratings of the same hotels were significantly different across hotel, online travel agency, and third-party review websites, this study collected 12,000 star ratings from 40 hotels across the US and conducted t-tests. A survey of 1,600 US travelers was administered to uncover the motivations for writing on different websites/website combinations. Four different scenarios were used to test the moderating effect of service: exceeds, neutral, negative, and service-recovery. These responses were analyzed using backwards stepwise regression. Findings Star ratings for the same hotel do differ among the three websites; hotel is the highest and third-party is the lowest. There are seven distinct groups of guests. Guests are motivated to write reviews to balance inequitable relationships. They decide which website/website combination best improves the equity relationship. This research indicates that guests’ choice of website is based on different internal motivations. The moderating effect of the service experience was significant. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by examining different motivations to write online reviews by website. Prior research typically examined one website or aggregated results from multiple websites, ignoring website specific differences. This can help hoteliers to understand why initiatives to promote reviews on certain websites may be unsuccessful.

scholarly journals Neural Modulation of Social Distance on Third-Party Punishment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Qu ◽  
Zixuan Tang ◽  
Huijun Zhang ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Jean Claude Dreher
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Ventral Striatum ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Connectivity Analysis ◽  
Neural Modulation ◽  
Neural Activities ◽  
Left Dlpfc ◽  
Free Model ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAs a crucial mechanism to enforce social norms, people as third parties tend to punish the norm violators even it costs their own pay-off. However, people do not usually treat everyone equally, e.g., it is shown that people are nice to close others. Here, we investigated how third party punishment (TPP) and its neural correlates is modulated by social distance (SD) by using fMRI. Behaviorally, participants punished more when the unfair perpetrator was more distant to them. Such SD-modulation effect was stronger when the punishment was free. Model-based results showed that SD-dependent computational signals were encoded in right dlPFC. More interestingly, SD modulated the relationship between punishment levels and neural activities in default network including vmPFC and bilateral hippocampus. The explorative functional connectivity analysis further showed that the vmPFC increased the association with left dlPFC when participants punished close others. Finally, punishment type (costly vs. free) also modulated the relationship between punishment levels and neural correlates in dACC and the ventral striatum. Taken together, our results revealed the neurocomputational underpinnings of how SD plays an important role in affecting TPP.

scholarly journals Observation enhances third-party punishment only among people who were not hot-tempered

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Horita ◽  
Masanori Takezawa
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Cultural Norm ◽  
Psychological System ◽  
Punitive Behavior

The evolution of punishment toward norm-violators has been discussed for understanding a large-scale human cooperation. Recent studies showed that the presence of cues of surveillance makes people concern about their reputation and increase altruistic behavior. Recent study also suggests that explicit cues of observation affect punitive behavior. We examined whether both explicit (being observed by an experimenter) and implicit cues (drawing of stylized eyes) of observation enhance third-party punishment. The results of the experiments with Japanese participants showed that both type of cues of observation increased third-party punishment only among those who did not feel anger toward an unfair allocator. In contrast, the cues suppressed the punishment when participant felt stronger anger toward an allocator. Moderating effect of emotion is interpreted as a cultural norm of emotional expression. Our study suggests that we humans are endowed with the psychological system inducing third-party punishment in response to cues of being observed while its function may be moderated by cultural factors. 

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