scholarly journals Working Memory Load Affecting the Framing Effect of Risk Decision-Making

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
欣静 严
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Framing Effect ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Risk Decision

scholarly journals Effects of working memory load on uncertain decision-making: evidence from the Iowa Gambling Task

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Fang Cui ◽  
Ya Wang ◽  
Hai-Song Shi ◽  
Lu-Lu Liu ◽  
Xing-Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Working Memory Load

Cognitive load during route selection increases reliance on spatial heuristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tad T Brunyé ◽  
Shaina B Martis ◽  
Holly A Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Southern Route

Planning routes from maps involves perceiving the symbolic environment, identifying alternate routes and applying explicit strategies and implicit heuristics to select an option. Two implicit heuristics have received considerable attention, the southern route preference and initial segment strategy. This study tested a prediction from decision-making theory that increasing cognitive load during route planning will increase reliance on these heuristics. In two experiments, participants planned routes while under conditions of minimal (0-back) or high (2-back) working memory load. In Experiment 1, we examined how memory load impacts the southern route heuristic. In Experiment 2, we examined how memory load impacts the initial segment heuristic. Results replicated earlier results demonstrating a southern route preference (Experiment 1) and initial segment strategy (Experiment 2) and further demonstrated that evidence for heuristic reliance is more likely under conditions of concurrent working memory load. Furthermore, the extent to which participants maintained efficient route selection latencies in the 2-back condition predicted the magnitude of this effect. Together, results demonstrate that working memory load increases the application of heuristics during spatial decision making, particularly when participants attempt to maintain quick decisions while managing concurrent task demands.

scholarly journals Working memory and decision making in children with ADHD: an analysis of delay discounting with the use of the dual-task paradigm

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Angela Fabio ◽  
Marilla Bianco ◽  
Tindara Caprì ◽  
Flavia Marino ◽  
Liliana Ruta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Delayed Discounting

Abstract Background Deficits in working memory tasks have been widely documented in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of working memory load in impulsivity during decision-making processes. A delayed discounting (DD) paradigm was used, comparing children with ADHD and age-matched controls. Method Thirty-two children equally divided between typically developing and ADHD, from 8 to 10 years of age were assigned to sessions of a dual-task paradigm. In the primary task the child has to choose between two different amounts of money at different time delays, while in the secondary task the child has to repeat a random series of digits with different lengths. The experiment was conducted in a school setting. Results Compared to peers with typical development, delayed discounting was significantly stronger in children with ADHD and discounting rates increased in both groups for heavier memory loads. Furthermore, the memory load impact on frequency of immediate rewards was stronger in children with ADHD compared to typically developing children. Discussion Results are discussed in terms of the relation between working memory load and decision-making processes, their impact on impulsive behaviour in ADHD and the need for future research to understand possible neurocognitive correlates and use that information to develop better inclusive policies.

scholarly journals Working Memory and Decision making in children with ADHD: an analysis of delay discounting with the use of the dual-task paradigm

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Angela Fabio ◽  
Marilla Bianco ◽  
Tindara Caprì ◽  
Flavia Marino ◽  
Liliana Ruta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Delayed Discounting

Abstract Objective: Deficits in working memory tasks have been widely documented in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of working memory load in impulsivity during decision-making processes. A delayed discounting (DD) paradigm was used, comparing children with ADHD and age-matched controls. Method: Thirty-two children equally divided between typically developing and ADHD, from 8 to 10 years of age were assigned to sessions of a dual-task paradigm. In the primary task the child has to choice between two different amounts of money at different time delays, while in the secondary task the child has to repeat a random series of digits with different lengths. The experiment was conducted in a school setting. Results: Compared to peers with typical development, delayed discounting was significantly stronger in children with ADHD and discounting rates increased in both groups for heavier memory loads. Furthermore, the memory load impact on frequency of immediate rewards was stronger in children with ADHD compared to typically developing children. Discussion: Results are discussed in terms of the relation between working memory load and decision-making processes, their impact on impulsive behaviour in ADHD and the need for future research to understand possible neurocognitive correlates and use those information to develop better inclusive policies.

Working Memory Involvement in Emotion-Based Processes Underlying Choosing Advantageously

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pecchinenda ◽  
Michael Dretsch ◽  
Paul Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Memory Functions ◽  
Normal Performance

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is widely used to assess decision making under conditions of uncertainty in clinical as well as in nonclinical populations. However, there is still debate as to whether normal performance at this task relies on implicit, emotion-based processes that are independent of working memory. To clarify the role of working memory on normal performance on the IGT, participants performed the task under low or high working memory load. We used a modified version of the original task, in which the position of the four decks was randomized between trials. Results showed that only participants performing under low memory load significantly chose more advantageously halfway through the task. In addition, when comparing the number of cards chosen from the two decks with frequent losses, one advantageous and one disadvantageous, only participants performing under low memory load chose more cards from the advantageous deck. The present findings indicate that the processes underlying optimal advantageous performance on the IGT rely on working memory functions.

scholarly journals Working Memory and Decision making in children with ADHD: an analysis of delay discounting with the use of the dual-task paradigm

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Angela Fabio ◽  
Marilla Bianco ◽  
Tindara Caprì ◽  
Flavia Marino ◽  
Liliana Ruta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Delayed Discounting

Abstract Objective Deficits in working memory tasks have been widely documented in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of working memory load in impulsivity during decision-making processes. A delayed discounting (DD) paradigm was used, comparing children with ADHD and age matched controls. Method Thirty-two children equally divided with typical development or ADHD between 8 and 10 years of age were assigned to sessions of a dual-task paradigm. The first task was a forced dual choice between different amount of moneys at different time delay, while the second task was the repetition of a random series of digits with different lengths. Results Compared to peers with typical development, delayed discounting was significantly stronger in children with ADHD and for heavier memory load conditions. Furthermore, the memory load impact was stronger in children with ADHD compared to children with typical development. Discussion Results are discussed in terms of the relation between working memory load and decision-making processes.

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