scholarly journals Role of Midbrain Parabrachial Nucleus in Controlling Electrical Activity of Oxytocin and Vasopressin Secreting Neurones in the Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus.

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa HONDA ◽  
Takashi HIGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Parabrachial Nucleus ◽  
Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus

Oxytocin, but not arginine vasopressin is involving in the antinociceptive role of hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus

Peptides ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1042-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jin-Ying Liang ◽  
Xiao-Yi Zhang ◽  
Pei-Yong Qiu ◽  
Yan-Juan Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus

Investigating the role of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus in nociception in the rat

Life Sciences ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Jian-Min Chen ◽  
Wen-Yan Liu ◽  
Bao-Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus

Leptin affects the electrical activity of neurones in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Honda ◽  
Kazumi Narita ◽  
Takuya Murata ◽  
Takashi Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus

The Role of Computer Modeling in Electrocardiography

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. van Oosterom
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Volume Conductor ◽  
Current Generator ◽  
Cardiac Electrical Activity ◽  
Source Models

AbstractThis paper introduces some levels at which the computer has been incorporated in the research into the basis of electrocardiography. The emphasis lies on the modeling of the heart as an electrical current generator and of the properties of the body as a volume conductor, both playing a major role in the shaping of the electrocardiographic waveforms recorded at the body surface. It is claimed that the Forward-Problem of electrocardiography is no longer a problem. Several source models of cardiac electrical activity are considered, one of which can be directly interpreted in terms of the underlying electrophysiology (the depolarization sequence of the ventricles). The importance of using tailored rather than textbook geometry in inverse procedures is stressed.

scholarly journals Circulating Secretin Activates Supraoptic Nucleus Oxytocin and Vasopressin Neurons via Noradrenergic Pathways in the Rat

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 2681-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathya Velmurugan ◽  
Paula J. Brunton ◽  
Gareth Leng ◽  
John A. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Noradrenaline Release ◽  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adrenoceptor Antagonist ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neurons ◽  
Vasopressin Neurons

Secretin is a 27-amino acid brain-gut peptide from duodenal S-cells. We tested the effects of systemic administration of secretin to simulate its postprandial release on neuroendocrine neurons of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) in urethane-anesthetized female rats. Secretin dose-dependently increased the firing rate of oxytocin neurons, more potently than cholecystokinin, and dose-dependently increased plasma oxytocin concentration. The effect of secretin on SON vasopressin neurons was also predominantly excitatory, in contrast to the inhibitory actions of cholecystokinin. To explore the involvement of noradrenergic inputs in secretin-induced excitation, benoxathian, an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, was infused intracerebroventricularly. Benoxathian intracerebroventricular infusion blocked the excitation by secretin of both oxytocin and vasopressin neurons. To test the role of local noradrenaline release in the SON, benoxathian was microdialyzed onto the SON. The basal firing rate of oxytocin neurons was slightly reduced and the secretin-induced excitation was attenuated during benoxathian microdialysis. Hence, noradrenergic pathways mediate the excitation by systemic secretin of oxytocin neurons via α1-adrenoceptors in the SON. As both systemic secretin and oxytocin are involved in regulating gastrointestinal functions and natriuresis, systemically released secretin might act partly through oxytocin.

scholarly journals GLP-1 Receptor Stimulation of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus Reduces Food Intake: Neuroanatomical, Electrophysiological, and Behavioral Evidence

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (11) ◽  
pp. 4356-4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Richard ◽  
Imre Farkas ◽  
Fredrik Anesten ◽  
Rozita H. Anderberg ◽  
Suzanne L. Dickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Parabrachial Nucleus ◽  
Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Behavioral Evidence ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is a key nucleus for the regulation of feeding behavior. Inhibitory inputs from the hypothalamus to the PBN play a crucial role in the normal maintenance of feeding behavior, because their loss leads to starvation. Viscerosensory stimuli result in neuronal activation of the PBN. However, the origin and neurochemical identity of the excitatory neuronal input to the PBN remain largely unexplored. Here, we hypothesize that hindbrain glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) neurons provide excitatory inputs to the PBN, activation of which may lead to a reduction in feeding behavior. Our data, obtained from mice expressing the yellow fluorescent protein in GLP-1-producing neurons, revealed that hindbrain GLP-1-producing neurons project to the lateral PBN (lPBN). Stimulation of lPBN GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) reduced the intake of chow and palatable food and decreased body weight in rats. It also activated lPBN neurons, reflected by an increase in the number of c-Fos-positive cells in this region. Further support for an excitatory role of GLP-1 in the PBN is provided by electrophysiological studies showing a remarkable increase in firing of lPBN neurons after Exendin-4 application. We show that within the PBN, GLP-1R activation increased gene expression of 2 energy balance regulating peptides, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and IL-6. Moreover, nearly 70% of the lPBN GLP-1 fibers innervated lPBN CGRP neurons. Direct intra-lPBN CGRP application resulted in anorexia. Collectively, our molecular, anatomical, electrophysiological, pharmacological, and behavioral data provide evidence for a functional role of the GLP-1R for feeding control in the PBN.

EFFECTS OF CHEMORECEPTOR AND BARORECEPTOR STIMULATION ON THE DISCHARGE OF HYPOTHALAMIC SUPRAOPTIC NEURONES IN RATS

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflexes ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation ◽  
Vasopressin Secretion ◽  
Carotid Body Chemoreceptors ◽  
Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Slight Inhibition

SUMMARY Experiments have been performed to examine the effects of activating the carotid body chemoreceptors and the arterial baroreceptors on the discharge of neurones within the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus of the rat. Chemoreceptors were activated by intracarotid injection of 0·9% NaCl solution equilibrated with 100% CO2. The baroreceptors of the carotid sinus and aortic arch were activated by raising the blood pressure with an intravenous injection of phenylephrine. Chemoreceptor stimulation activated and baroreceptor stimulation inhibited the discharge of all the phasically discharging neurones tested. Neither stimulus had any consistent effect on non-phasically discharging neurones, although slight inhibition occasionally occurred. Anaesthesia of the carotid bifurcation abolished the effects of cardiovascular stimulation on the supraoptic neurones. Responses resumed when the anaesthesia wore off. However, the anaesthesia also seemed to alter the phasic pattern of discharge. The results are discussed with reference to the influence of the cardiovascular receptors upon the neurones in the supraoptic nucleus, and with reference to possible roles for the cardiovascular reflexes in control of vasopressin secretion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document