scholarly journals X-irradiation Removes Endogenous Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) and Increases Germline Transmission of Donor PGCs in Chimeric Chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki NAKAMURA ◽  
Fumitake USUI ◽  
Daichi MIYAHARA ◽  
Takafumi MORI ◽  
Tamao ONO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Germline Transmission ◽  
X Irradiation

scholarly journals Interspecific Germline Transmission of Cultured Primordial Germ Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e35664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Cecile van de Lavoir ◽  
Ellen J. Collarini ◽  
Philip A. Leighton ◽  
Jeffrey Fesler ◽  
Daniel R. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Germline Transmission

scholarly journals Improved Germline Transmission in Chicken Chimeras Produced by Transplantation of Gonadal Primordial Germ Cells into Recipient Embryos1

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1657-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Sub Park ◽  
Dong Kee Jeong ◽  
Jin Nam Kim ◽  
Gwon Hwa Song ◽  
Yeong Ho Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Germline Transmission

Germline transmission of genetically modified primordial germ cells

Nature ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 441 (7094) ◽  
pp. 766-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Cecile van de Lavoir ◽  
Jennifer H. Diamond ◽  
Philip A. Leighton ◽  
Christine Mather-Love ◽  
Babette S. Heyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Germline Transmission

scholarly journals Characterisation and Germline Transmission of Cultured Avian Primordial Germ Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e15518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Macdonald ◽  
James D. Glover ◽  
Lorna Taylor ◽  
Helen M. Sang ◽  
Michael J. McGrew
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Germline Transmission

scholarly journals A Drosophila toolkit for defining gene function in spermatogenesis

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. R121-R132 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Siddall ◽  
G R Hime
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Individual Organism ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Human Spermatogenesis

Expression profiling and genomic sequencing methods enable the accumulation of vast quantities of data that relate to the expression of genes during the maturation of male germ cells from primordial germ cells to spermatozoa and potential mutations that underlie male infertility. However, the determination of gene function in specific aspects of spermatogenesis or linking abnormal gene function with infertility remain rate limiting, as even in an era of CRISPR analysis of gene function in mammalian models, this still requires considerable resources and time. Comparative developmental biology studies have shown the remarkable conservation of spermatogenic developmental processes from insects to vertebrates and provide an avenue of rapid assessment of gene function to inform the potential roles of specific genes in rodent and human spermatogenesis. The vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been used as a model organism for developmental genetic studies for over one hundred years, and research with this organism produced seminal findings such as the association of genes with chromosomes, the chromosomal basis for sexual identity, the mutagenic properties of X-irradiation and the isolation of the first tumour suppressor mutations. Drosophila researchers have developed an impressive array of sophisticated genetic techniques for analysis of gene function and genetic interactions. This review focuses on how these techniques can be utilised to study spermatogenesis in an organism with a generation time of 9 days and the capacity to introduce multiple mutant alleles into an individual organism in a relatively short time frame.

scholarly journals The reversible developmental unipotency of germ cells in chicken

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Gyoung Jung ◽  
Young Mok Lee ◽  
Jin Nam Kim ◽  
Tae Min Kim ◽  
Ji Hye Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Germline Transmission ◽  
Adult Testis

We recently developed bimodal germline chimera production approaches by transfer of primordial germ cells (PGCs) or embryonic germ cells (EGCs) into embryos and by transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) or germline stem cells (GSCs) into adult testes. This study was undertaken to investigate the reversible developmental unipotency of chicken germ cells using our established germline chimera production systems. First, we transferred freshly isolated SSCs from adult testis or in vitro cultured GSCs into stage X and stage 14–16 embryos, and we found that these transferred SSCs/GSCs could migrate to the recipient embryonic gonads. Of the 527 embryos that received SSCs or GSCs, 135 yielded hatchlings. Of 17 sexually mature males (35.3%), six were confirmed as germline chimeras through testcross analysis resulting in an average germline transmission efficiency of 1.3%. Second, PGCs/EGCs, germ cells isolated from embryonic gonads were transplanted into adult testes. The EGC transplantation induced germline transmission, whereas the PGC transplantation did not. The germline transmission efficiency was 12.5 fold higher (16.3 vs 1.3%) in EGC transplantation into testis (EGCs to adult testis) than that in SSC/GSC transfer into embryos (testicular germ cells to embryo stage). In conclusion, chicken germ cells from different developmental stages can (de)differentiate into gametes even after the germ cell developmental clock is set back or ahead. Use of germ cell reversible unipotency might improve the efficiency of germ cell-mediated germline transmission.

scholarly journals Depletion of Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) by X-irradiation to Extraembryonic Region of Chicken Embryos and Expression of Xenotransplanted Quail PGCs

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Atsumi ◽  
Shigenobu Yazawa ◽  
Fumitake Usui ◽  
Yoshiaki Nakamura ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
X Irradiation

Hexachlorobenzene toxicity in the rat ovary: II. Ultrastructure induced by medium (10 mg/kg) dose exposure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Amreek Singh ◽  
Warren G. Foster ◽  
Anna Dykeman ◽  
David C. Villeneuve
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Ovary Surface Epithelium ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
High Doses

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a known toxicant that is found in the environment as a by-product during manufacture of certain pesticides. This chlorinated chemical has been isolated from many tissues including ovary. When administered in high doses, HCB causes degeneration of primordial germ cells and ovary surface epithelium in sub-human primates. A purpose of this experiment was to determine a no-effect dose of the chemical on the rat ovary. The study is part of a comprehensive investigation on the effects of the compound on the biochemical, hematological, and morphological parameters in the monkey and rat.

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