Superstar Cities

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gyourko ◽  
Christopher Mayer ◽  
Todd Sinai
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
House Price ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Price Appreciation

We document large long-run differences in average house price appreciation across metropolitan areas over the past 50 years, and show they can be explained by an inelastic supply of land in some unique locations combined with an increasing number of highincome households nationally. The resulting high house prices and price-to-rent ratios in those “superstar” areas crowd out lower income households. The same forces generate a similar pattern among municipalities within a metropolitan area. These facts suggest that disparate local house price and income trends can be driven by aggregate demand, not just changes in local factors such as productivity or amenities. (JEL R11, R23, R31, R52)

scholarly journals International Real Estate Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Heeho Kim ◽  
◽  
SaeWoon Park ◽  
Sun Hye Lee ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
High Price ◽  
Subprime Crisis ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Price Escalation ◽  
Housing Submarket

This paper studies the abnormal price behavior of Kangnam, a premium (high price) housing submarket in Seoul, Korea, which addresses the correlation between house prices, bank lending, and other factors, including income. Kangnam experienced the most dramatic price escalation during the study period (1999-2009) despite Korean government policies to stabilize house prices in 2005 and the U.S. subprime crisis in 2008. The empirical result shows that even though the house price in a premium market is, to some degree, positively influenced by income, it is not affected by bank lending in the short-run while negatively affected in the long-run. This suggests that a premium housing submarket has a peculiar price dynamics of its own unlike the other submarkets which seem to comply more or less with our notion of a general economic theory, especially in terms of house prices and bank lending.

scholarly journals House Price Convergence on the Primary and Secondary Markets: Evidence from Polish Provincial Capitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Tomal
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Secondary Markets ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Convergence Clubs ◽  
Shape Pattern ◽  
Convergence Model

Abstract The aim of this study is to identify whether there is a common house price trend across provincial capitals in Poland. The log t regression is the main method of analysis. Additionally, traditional convergence tests based on the concepts of β- and σ-convergence are used. The obtained results indicate that the cities do not share a common price in the long-run. There are, however, convergence clubs on both primary and secondary markets. In each club, house prices across cities tend to converge to their own steady state. Moreover, research on the driving forces of convergence reports that factors affecting housing prices differ among the clubs. Therefore, policymakers should adjust housing policies in accordance with the characteristics of a given club. In turn, the σ-convergence model demonstrated a very interesting finding, namely, a U-shape pattern of convergence, both on the primary and secondary markets. This pattern is strictly correlated with the level of prices on the markets.

Housing Prices and Money Demand: Empirical Evidence in Selected MENA Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Mbazia ◽  
Mouldi Djelassi
Keyword(s):  
Money Demand ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Dynamic Relationships

Abstract This paper examines the links between housing and money empirically in a money demand framework for a panel of five Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries using quarterly data from 2007Q3 to 2014Q4 with the inclusion of house prices as a variable representing the developments in housing markets. We applied the Pool Mean Group Estimation technique to estimate the long-run and short-run dynamic relationships in money demand model. Empirical results provide the evidence that higher house prices lead to a rise in M2 demand in long-run and short-run estimations. This finding may explain the importance influence of the house price developments on monetary policy in MENA countries. The results confirm that the cross-country heterogeneity of money holdings is also connected with structural features of the housing market.

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of House Price Bubble: A Case Study on Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Fong Kean Yan ◽  
Yap Lya Keng ◽  
Kwek Kien Teng
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Price Bubble ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Residential Properties ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
House Price Bubble

The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between house price with macroeconomics variables - Gross Domestic Product per capita, inflation rate, Base Lending Rate and amount of household loan disbursed for purchase of residential properties. We try to use these variables to examine if they could trigger a housing bubble to burst in Malaysia. Granger Causality results show that there is univariate relationship from house price to Gross Domestic Product per capita. Though house price and other macroeconomics variables do not Granger–cause each other in short run, but these variables are cointegrated in the long run, i.e. there is no evidence of house price bubble in Malaysia. We suggest that soaring house prices in Malaysia is being supported by the large inflow of foreign funds into the housing sector and the unresponsive supply of houses.

Housing Bubble in Penang Prediction and Determinants

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loh Yun Lu ◽  
Janice YM Lee ◽  
Usama Al-mulali ◽  
Nurul Afiqah Ahmad ◽  
Izran Sarrazin Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
House Price ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Housing Bubble ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

House prices in Malaysian cities increased drastically in the past few years, notably in the state of Penang.  The existence of a housing bubble is speculated by major property players. This paper ascertains whether a housing bubble exists in Penang and explores the long-run and short-run determinants of Penang residential prices. Quarterly data (2000Q1 to 2012Q2) of House Price Index is the dependent variable and Gross Domestic Product, Consumer Price Index (CPI), Base Lending Rate (BLR) and Housing Supply as independent variables. Econometric model together with fully modified Ordinary Least Squares regression were used to detect the presence of housing bubble in Penang. The determinants of Penang house prices are based on Granger causality and variance decomposition analysis using the vector autoregressive (VAR) model. The results show no evidence of housing bubble in Penang housing market. CPI has both long-run and short run causality relationship with house prices while CPI and BLR explain a large part of housing price variance. Results show changes in inflation and cost of borrowing will greatly affect Penang house prices.  

House prices and unemployment: an empirical analysis of causality

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuchehr Irandoust
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Panel Granger Causality

Purpose This paper aims to examine whether there exists a long-run causal relationship between house prices and unemployment rates for eight major European countries. Design/methodology/approach The bootstrap panel Granger causality approach that accounts for cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity and structural breaks is used to detect the direction of causality. Findings The empirical findings for the overall panel support the presence of unidirectional causality running from house prices to unemployment. Practical implications The findings are not only important for households but also for policymakers concerned with economic and financial stability. Originality/value There are only a limited number of studies that have investigated the direct link between house prices and employment or unemployment. Given the increased importance of labor market variables, particularly the choice of the unemployment rate as a key indicator in designing forward guidance and the increased financial stability concerns regarding house price dynamics, it is important to better understand the causal linkages between house prices and unemployment rates. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first to apply the bootstrap panel Granger causality approach to examine the relationship between house prices and unemployment rates.

scholarly journals International Real Estate Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-521
Author(s):  
Le Ma ◽  
◽  
Chunlu Liu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Price Convergence ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Long Run Equilibrium

In order to explore the long-run equilibrium in the house prices of different cities, studies on house price convergence have been conducted by a number of researchers. However, the majority of previous studies have neglected the effects of spatial heterogeneity and autocorrelation on house prices. This research improves on the investigation of house price convergence by developing a spatio-temporal autoregressive model based on a framework of panel regression methods. Both spatial heterogeneity and autocorrelation of house prices in different cities are taken into account. Geographical distance and the scale of development of the urban housing market are used to construct temporal varying spatial measurements. The spatio-temporal model is then applied to investigate the long-run equilibrium in the house prices of Australian capital cities. The results confirm that house prices in Sydney approach a steady state in the long run, whereas house prices in Brisbane, Canberra, Melbourne and Perth are able to do with lower confidence. However, little evidence supports the existence of long-run equilibrium in the house prices of Adelaide, Darwin and Hobart.

The UK Economy

1995 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 7-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry Young
Keyword(s):  
House Prices ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
On Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
The Uk

There are now widespread fears that the slowdown in the rate of growth of the UK economy might worsen and turn into another recession, Those holding this view can point to a variety of evidence to support their claim. In particular, retail sales in September were 0.4 per cent lower then a year earlier, house prices were 1.8 per cent lower than a year earlier, manufacturing output, which had grown by over 4 per cent in 1994, was only 0.6 per cent higher in September than it had been a year earlier. In addition, they can emphasise that stockbuilding cannot be expected to make the same positive contribution to output growth that it has made over the past year and is likely to make a negative contribution when excessive stocks are run down. They can also argue that any reduction in public spending relative to existing plans, to make way for reductions in taxation, will tend to reduce aggregate demand since cuts in spending have a larger effect on demand than equivalent cuts in taxation because the latter affect saving as well as spending.

scholarly journals No Price Like Home: Global House Prices, 1870–2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Knoll ◽  
Moritz Schularick ◽  
Thomas Steger
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
World War ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Price Boom ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Cross Country

How have house prices evolved over the long run? This paper presents annual house prices for 14 advanced economies since 1870. We show that real house prices stayed constant from the nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, but rose strongly and with substantial cross-country variation in the second half of the twentieth century. Land prices, not replacement costs, are the key to understanding the trajectory of house prices. Rising land prices explain about 80 percent of the global house price boom that has taken place since World War II. Our findings have implications for the evolution of wealth-to-income ratios, the growth effects of agglomeration, and the price elasticity of housing supply. (JEL C43, N10, N90, R31)

scholarly journals Understanding the short- and long-run relationship between vacant allotment and established house prices

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rossini ◽  
Valerie Kupke
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
A Site ◽  
Urban Land Market

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address a key issue fundamental to the operation of land and housing markets, that is, the relationship between land and house prices. The study identifies possible causation between established house and vacant allotment prices using the metropolitan area of Adelaide, Australia as a case study. Design/methodology/approach – A key outcome of the study is the construction of a Site Adjusted Land Price Index against which a Quality Adjusted House Price Index is compared. Findings – The results show that there is a lagged effect of land prices on house prices and that this is significant at an interval of eight lag periods. The results also imply that the lead lag relationship between established house and vacant allotment prices is not unidirectional. This suggests that, while a change in house prices leads to a change in land prices in the short-run, the long-run position is for increasing land prices to lead to a delayed increase in house prices. Research limitations/implications – Rising house prices do not simply and solely reflect a shortage of land. There are suggested effects both immediate from house to land and delayed from land to house, particularly in a rising market. Originality/value – The lead lag relationships of both indexes are tested using Granger causality estimates to assess whether theoretical Ricardian concepts still hold in a modern urban land market.

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