scholarly journals Did the Americanization Movement Succeed? An Evaluation of the Effect of English-Only and Compulsory Schooling Laws on Immigrants

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Lleras-Muney ◽  
Allison Shertzer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
English Only ◽  
English Fluency

We provide the first estimates of the effect of statutes requiring English as the language of instruction and compulsory schooling laws on the school enrollment, work, literacy, and English fluency of immigrant children during the Americanization period (1910–1930). English-only statutes moderately increased the literacy of certain foreign-born children, particularly those living in cities or whose parents were not fluent in English. However, these laws had no impact on immigrants' eventual labor market outcomes or measures of social integration (from 1940 census and WWII enlistment records). Only laws regulating the age when children could work significantly affected immigrant outcomes. (JEL I21, I26, I28, J13, J15, N31, N32)

Keeping Kids in School: The Long-Term Effects of Extending Compulsory Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-271
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. A. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
School Reform ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Years Of Schooling

This paper uses a natural experiment from Egypt to examine the effect of extending compulsory schooling on long-term educational and labor market outcomes. Beginning in school year 2004–05, the Egyptian government extended primary education from five to six years, moving from an eight-year compulsory schooling system to a nine-year system. Using a regression discontinuity design, I examine whether the compulsory schooling expansion affects years of schooling, literacy and cognitive skills, post-primary attendance, and labor market outcomes of individuals born just around the 1992 school entry cutoff. The results suggest that an extra year of compulsory education increases total years of schooling by 0.6 to 0.8 years. This effect, however, is concentrated among male individuals. In particular, I find that the school reform increases the schooling gap between male and female students by somewhere between 0.30 and 0.48 years. I also find no effect of expanding compulsory education on individuals’ literacy skills, schooling beyond the primary education level, or labor market outcomes. There is some evidence, however, that the school reform has improved reading and self-reported writing skills among male individuals.

Can Arts-Based Interventions Enhance Labor Market Outcomes Among Youth?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Calero ◽  
Veronica Gonzales ◽  
Yuri Soares ◽  
Jochen Kluve ◽  
Carlos Henrique Leite Corseuil
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes
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