scholarly journals Sex Selection and Gender Balance

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Market Selection ◽  
Excess Supply ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
And Gender

We model the equilibrium sex ratio when parents can choose the sex of their child. With intrinsic son preference, sex selection results in a male-biased sex ratio. This is inefficient due to a marriage market congestion externality. Medical innovations that facilitate selection aggravate the inefficiency. If son preference arises endogenously, due to population growth causing an excess supply of women on the marriage market, selection may improve welfare. Empirically, sex selection causes an excess of males and reduces welfare in China. In most parts of India, cohort sizes are growing, implying an excess supply of women. (JEL J12, J13, J16, O15, P23)

Does the marriage market sex ratio affect parental sex selection? Evidence from the Chinese census

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
M. W. Luke Chan ◽  
Byron G. Spencer ◽  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Sex Selection

scholarly journals Financial Incentives and the Fertility-Sex Ratio Trade-Off

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Anukriti
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Sex Ratio At Birth ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Do So

Can financial incentives resolve the fertility-sex ratio trade-off faced by countries with persistent son preference and easy access to sex-selection technology? An Indian program, Devi Rupak, that seeks to lower fertility and the sex ratio is unable to do so. Although fertility decreases, the sex ratio at birth worsens as high son preference families are unwilling to forgo a son despite substantially higher benefits for a daughter. Thus, financial incentives may only play a limited role in the resolution of the fertility-sex ratio conflict. (JEL I38, J13, J16, J18, O15)

Epilogue: Revealing Garments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilah Grace Canevaro
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
William Morris ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Samuel Butler ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
And Gender

The Epilogue considers the semantic and poetological connections between words and weaving, and offers a broader perspective that brings in Tennyson, Waterhouse, and William Morris. Through Aristophanes and Plato it reflects on the cultural, social, and generic expectations of weaving and gender. Female voice is considered, in response to Samuel Butler but also in light of recent scholarship, translation, and literature that has changed the gender balance of Homeric studies. The Epilogue situates this book at a turning point, and reiterates its place in the discourse. Again through Morris, it returns to the all-important issue of representation, offering a final reflection on the particular status of objects in poetry.

No room for males in caves: Female‐biased sex ratio in subterranean amphipods of the genus Niphargus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Premate ◽  
Špela Borko ◽  
Simona Kralj‐Fišer ◽  
Michael Jennions ◽  
Žiga Fišer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio

Male-biased sex ratio in Argulus canadensis Wilson, 1916 (Crustacea: Branchiura) ectoparasitic on sticklebacks

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2078-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Poulin ◽  
Gerard J. FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fish Hosts

Females of the ectoparasitic crustacean Argulus canadensis must leave their fish hosts at least temporarily to deposit their eggs on the substrate. To test the hypothesis that this difference in reproductive behaviour between the two sexes could result in male-biased sex ratios on their stickleback hosts, we sampled sticklebacks in tide pools of a Quebec salt marsh from early July to early September 1986. During this period, fish harboured significantly more male than female A. canadensis. Laboratory experiments were done to test two alternative hypotheses offered to explain this biased sex ratio. The first hypothesis was that male A. canadensis were more successful than females in attacking their stickleback hosts; however, we found no differences in attack success on their hosts between the two parasite sexes. The second hypothesis was that sticklebacks ate more female than male A. canadensis. Although males were less vulnerable to fish predation than females, the difference was not significant. We conclude that sexual differences in reproductive behaviour, i.e., egg deposition behaviour of females, can account for the male-biased sex ratio of A. canadensis on sticklebacks.

scholarly journals CAEP 2015 Academic Symposium: Leadership within the emergency medicine academic community and beyond

CJEM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S1-S9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Sinclair ◽  
James R. Worthington ◽  
Gary Joubert ◽  
Brian R. Holroyd ◽  
James Stempien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Academic Leadership ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Academic Leaders ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
And Gender

AbstractObjectivesA panel of emergency medicine (EM) leaders endeavoured to define the key elements of leadership and its models, as well as to formulate consensus recommendations to build and strengthen academic leadership in the Canadian EM community in the areas of mentorship, education, and resources.MethodsThe expert panel comprised EM leaders from across Canada and met regularly by teleconference over the course of 9 months. From the breadth of backgrounds and experience, as well as a literature review and the development of a leadership video series, broad themes for recommendations around the building and strengthening of EM leadership were presented at the CAEP 2015 Academic Symposium held in Edmonton, Alberta. Feedback from the attendees (about 80 emergency physicians interested in leadership) was sought. Subsequently, draft recommendations were developed by the panel through attendee feedback, further review of the leadership video series, and expert opinion. The recommendations were distributed to the CAEP Academic Section for further feedback and updated by consensus of the expert panel.ResultsThe methods informed the panel who framed recommendations around four themes: 1) leadership preparation and training, 2) self-reflection/emotional intelligence, 3) academic leadership skills, and 4) gender balance in academic EM leadership. The recommendations aimed to support and nurture the next generation of academic EM leaders in Canada and included leadership mentors, availability of formal educational courses/programs in leadership, self-directed education of aspiring leaders, creation of a Canadian subgroup with the AACEM/SAEM Chair Development Program, and gender balance in leadership roles.ConclusionsThese recommendations serve as a roadmap for all EM leaders (and aspiring leaders) to build on their success, inspire their colleagues, and foster the next generation of Canadian EM academic leaders.

Female-Biased Sex Ratio at Hatching in the Green Woodhoopoe

The Auk ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Ligon ◽  
Sandra H. Ligon
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio
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