scholarly journals Multiple Mediators and Mechanisms Are Involved in the Adaptive Cytoprotection Provided by Certain Mild Irritants

1993 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Hatakeyama ◽  
Masahiko Matsuo ◽  
Masaaki Tomoi ◽  
Jo Mori ◽  
Masanobu Kohsaka
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Cytoprotection ◽  
Mild Irritants

The importance of gastric emptying and mucosal folds in the adaptive cytoprotection of mild irritants in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 518-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. S. Ko ◽  
C. H. Cho ◽  
S. K. Lam ◽  
C. K. Ching
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Adaptive Cytoprotection ◽  
Mucosal Folds ◽  
Mild Irritants

Significance of neuropeptides released from afferent sensory nerves and cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived prostaglandins in adaptive cytoprotection induced by mild irritants

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. A1219
Author(s):  
Tomasz Brzozowski ◽  
Peter Ch Konturek ◽  
Danuta Drozdowiez ◽  
Alexandra Duda ◽  
Stanislaw J. Konturek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Adaptive Cytoprotection ◽  
Mild Irritants

Mild irritants prevent gastric necrosis through "adaptive cytoprotection" mediated by prostaglandins

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. G113-G121 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Robert ◽  
J. E. Nezamis ◽  
C. Lancaster ◽  
J. P. Davis ◽  
S. O. Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Necrosis ◽  
Adaptive Cytoprotection ◽  
Natural Defense ◽  
Repeated Administrations ◽  
Cellular Integrity ◽  
Fasted Rats ◽  
Mild Irritants

Several prostaglandins (PG) were found earlier to be cytoprotective for the stomach and the intestine. We now report that mild irritants, given intragastrically, are also cytoprotective by stimulating the release of PG by the stomach. Several "mild irritants," 10-20% ethanol, 0.2-0.35 M HCl, 0.05-0.075 M NaOH, 2-4% NaCl, and water at 70 degrees C, were given orally to fasted rats. Fifteen minutes later, one of the following necrotizing agents was administered orally: 100% ethanol, 0.6 M HCl, 0.2 M NaOH, 25% NaCl solution, and boiling water. One hour later, the stomachs were removed and necrotic lesions graded. The mild irritants inhibited the necrotic lesions dose dependently. After a single treatment, protection lasted 1 h; repeated administrations maintained cytoprotection for as long as the mild irritants were being given. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of PG synthesis, abolished cytoprotection by mild irritants. After oral administration of NaOH at cytoprotective concentrations (0.01-0.1 M), the amounts of PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and thromboxane B2 formed by the gastric mucosa increased steadily up to threefold. The protection elicited by mild irritants is called "adaptive cytoprotection." The increased synthesis of PG may represent a physiological, natural defense mechanism that may be necessary to maintain cellular integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa, in spite of the hostile environment caused by luminal contents.

Nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds in canine gastric mucosa: effects of PGE2 and ethanol

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. G137-G144 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Miller ◽  
D. Li ◽  
Y. J. Kuo ◽  
K. L. Schmidt ◽  
L. L. Shanbour
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mucosal Protection ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Protection ◽  
Sulfhydryl Compounds ◽  
Mild Irritants

By use of an in vivo canine chambered stomach preparation in which the gastric mucosa was partitioned into two equal halves, the effect of topical 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (DMPGE2) (1 microgram/ml of perfusate) and 8% and 40% ethanol on tissue levels of nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds was assessed. Both DMPGE2 and 8% ethanol significantly increased (P less than 0.005) mucosal levels of nonprotein sulfhydryls when compared with corresponding mucosa bathed with saline alone. In contrast, mucosa bathed with 40% ethanol showed significantly decreased levels. If mucosa was bathed with DMPGE2 or 8% ethanol prior to exposing the stomach to 40% ethanol, this depletion in sulfhydryl compounds was not observed. Since other experimental observations have shown that exogenously administered prostaglandins and mild irritants (such as low-dose alcohol) can prevent gastric mucosal damage by necrotizing agents (such as high-dose alcohol), our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that nonprotein sulfhydryls may play a role in mediating gastric mucosal protection.

The Role of Vagal Innervation in Adaptive Cytoprotection

1995 ◽  
pp. 191-200
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Miller ◽  
Gregory S. Smith ◽  
Michael S. Tornwall ◽  
Rafael A. Lopez ◽  
Julia M. Henagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Cytoprotection ◽  
Vagal Innervation

Role of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) derived prostaglandins (PG) in adaptive cytoprotection induced by mild stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A82
Author(s):  
T. Brzozowski ◽  
P.C. Konturek ◽  
R. Pajdo ◽  
N. Nagraba ◽  
A. Szczeklik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Adaptive Cytoprotection ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 1
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