scholarly journals Photoreduction of parathion by spinach chloroplasts. II. Ferredoxin-independent photoreduction of parathion by heated chloroplasts with an artificial electron donor system.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2290-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKASHI SUZUKI ◽  
MITSURU UCHIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Electron Donor ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Donor System

Nb-doped CaO: an efficient electron donor system

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 315004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Prada ◽  
Livia Giordano ◽  
Gianfranco Pacchioni
Keyword(s):  
Electron Donor ◽  
Donor System

scholarly journals Glutathione-glutaredoxin is an efficient electron donor system for mammalian p53R2–R1-dependent ribonucleotide reductase

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (34) ◽  
pp. 12708-12716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Sengupta ◽  
Lucia Coppo ◽  
Pradeep Mishra ◽  
Arne Holmgren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Donor ◽  
Ribonucleotide Reductase ◽  
Donor System

A Proposed Mechanism for Diuron-Induced Phytotoxicity

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Stanger ◽  
Arnold P. Appleby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Donor ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Chlorophyll Degradation ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽  
Donor System

Chloroplasts isolated from spinach(Spinacia oleraceaL.) leaves were used to study mechanisms of toxicity from 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron). Light was needed to initiate diuron injury. The addition of ascorbate plus 2,6-dichlorophenylindolephenol (DPIP) as an electron donor system completely protected the chloroplasts from diuron-induced toxicity. The protective effect from the electron donor system occurred only in functional chloroplasts. Diuron caused rapid and extensive chlorophyll degradation at chlorophyll: diuron ratios of 200:1 and lower. At higher ratios the effect was much less measurable. The electron donor system gave complete protection in the presence of methylamine HCl, a known inhibitor of photophosphorylation, indicating that a deficiency of ATP was not the primary cause of diuron toxicity. Time-course studies showed that carotenoid pigments began to degrade before initiation of chlorophyll degradation. These results are interpreted as supporting a hypothesis that diuron induces phytotoxicity by catalyzing lethal photosensitized oxidations in the cell. This may occur as a result of (a) a greater concentration of oxidized chlorophyll caused by an interruption of electron flow and (b) an inhibition of NADPH formation which is necessary to maintain a functional carotenoid protective mechanism.

The Effect of Antibodies to Neoxanthin on Electron Transport on the Oxygen Evolving Side of Photosystem II and the Reactions of this Antiserum with Various Chloroplast Preparations

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 622-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfons Radunz ◽  
Georg H. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Thylakoid Membrane ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Donor Side ◽  
Oxygen Evolving ◽  
Electron Donation ◽  
Donor System

Antibodies to neoxanthin agglutinate stroma-free swellable chloroplasts from tobacco (Nico-tiana tabacum var. John William’s Broadleaf) and Antirrhinum (Antirrhinum majus) whereas stroma-freed chloroplasts, which have lost the swellability are not agglutinated despite the fact that antibodies to neoxanthin are specifically adsorbed. In this latter case the agglutination is hindered for sterical reasons. From this it is concluded that neoxanthin is located in the outer surface of the thylakoid membrane. The antiserum to neoxanthin inhibits the ferricyanide photo­ reduction in chloroplasts when water is the electron donor by 15%. With diphenylcarbazide in tris-treated chloroplasts no inhibition is observed. Hence, just as in the case of the antiserum to lutein the site of inhibition is on the donor side of potosystem II namely between water and the site of electron donation of diphenylcarbazide. Benzidine/ascorbate is another artificial electron donor system of photosystem II reported in the literature. The photoreduction of anthraquinone-2-sulphonate with this donor system is inhibited. In contrast to the antiserum to lutein the antiserum to neoxanthin inhibits DCMU-sensitive photophosphorylation reactions in the system H2O → ferricyanide and benzidine/ascorbate → anthraquinone-2-sulphonate. Therefore, the electron transport coupled to photophosphorylation is inhibited by the antiserum.

Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) fused to acenaphthyleno[1,2b][1,4]dithiine: synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of a new π-electron donor system

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Bryce ◽  
Alexander K. Lay ◽  
Andrei S. Batsanov ◽  
Judith A.K. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Donor System
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