scholarly journals Studies on mechanisms of diarrhea induced by fusarenon-X, a trichothecene mycotoxin from Fusarium species; Characteristics of increased intestinal absorption rate induced by fusarenon-X.

1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUTAKA MATSUOKA ◽  
KAZUHIKO KUBOTA
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Trichothecene Mycotoxin ◽  
Species Characteristics

scholarly journals The Effect of HT-2 Toxin on Ovarian Steroidogenesis and Its Response to IGF-I, Leptin and Ghrelin in Rabbits

2017 ◽  
pp. 705-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KOLESAROVA ◽  
N. MARUNIAKOVA ◽  
A. KADASI ◽  
M. HALENAR ◽  
M. MARAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trichothecene Mycotoxin ◽  
Ovarian Steroidogenesis ◽  
Estradiol Secretion ◽  
Igf I ◽  
17Β Estradiol

T-2 toxin and its metabolite HT-2 toxin are one of the most toxic mycotoxins of type A-trichothecenes, which are produced mainly by Fusarium species. Therefore, study of Fusarium toxins T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin is an essential issue because they could also play role in failures of reproductive functions as well as endocrine system of domestic animals. Assessment of the effect of A-trichothecene mycotoxin HT-2 toxin alone or combined with insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), leptin and ghrelin on estradiol secretion by rabbit ovarian fragments in vitro was done. Rabbit ovarian fragments were incubated without (control group) or with HT-2 toxin, or its combinations with IGF-I, leptin and ghrelin at various concentrations for 24 h. Secretion of 17β-estradiol was determined by ELISA. Firstly, HT-2 toxin at the doses 10 and 100 ng.ml-1, but not at 1 ng.ml-1 decreased 17β-estradiol secretion by ovarian fragments. Secondly, 17β-estradiol secretion was not affected by HT-2 toxin exposure combined with growth factor IGF-I, metabolic hormones leptin and ghrelin. In conclusion, HT-2 toxin has potent direct dose-dependent effects on ovarian steroidogenesis in rabbits. These direct effects of HT-2 mycotoxin on ovarian steroidogenesis could impact negatively on the reproductive performance of rabbits.

scholarly journals Expression of a Truncated Form of Ribosomal Protein L3 Confers Resistance to Pokeweed Antiviral Protein and the Fusarium Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 762-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Di ◽  
Nilgun E. Tumer
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Pokeweed Antiviral Protein ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Antiviral Protein ◽  
Trichothecene Mycotoxin ◽  
Truncated Form ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxin ◽  
Ribosomal Protein L3

The contamination of important agricultural products such as wheat, barley, or maize with the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) due to infection with Fusarium species is a worldwide problem. Trichothecenes inhibit protein synthesis by targeting ribosomal protein L3. Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), a ribosome-inactivating protein binds to L3 to depurinate the α–sarcin/loop of the large rRNA. Plants transformed with the wild-type PAP show lesions and express very low levels of PAP because PAP autoregulates its expression by destabilizing its own mRNA. We show here that transgenic tobacco plants expressing both the wild-type PAP and a truncated form of yeast L3 (L3δ) are phenotypically normal. PAP mRNA and protein levels are very high in these plants, indicating that L3δ suppresses the autoregulation of PAP mRNA expression. Ribosomes are not depurinated in the transgenic plants expressing PAP and L3δ, even though PAP is associated with ribosomes. The expression of the endogenous tobacco ribosomal protein L3 is up-regulated in these plants and they are resistant to the Fusarium mycotoxin DON. These results demonstrate that expression of an N-terminal fragment of yeast L3 leads to trans-dominant resistance to PAP and the trichothecene mycotoxin DON, providing evidence that both toxins target L3 by a common mechanism.

The increased intestinal absorption rate is responsible for the reduced hepatic first-pass extraction of propranolol in rats with cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction

2003 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Okabe ◽  
Akiko Mizukami ◽  
Masato Taguchi ◽  
Tetsuya Aiba ◽  
Masato Yasuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
First Pass

scholarly journals Absorption of inorganic, trivalent and hexavalent chromium following oral and intrajejunal doses in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedvig Fébel ◽  
B. Szegedi ◽  
Szilvia Huszár
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chromic Oxide ◽  
Sodium Chromate ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Chromium Compounds

The intestinal absorption of trivalent and hexavalent chromium (Cr) given orally (experiment I) or infused in the intestine (experiment II) was investigated in rats. The nonabsorbable form of chromium (51Cr2O3) and water-soluble and more absorbable Na251CrO4 (the hexavalent form of Cr) were compared. Total retention of chromium given orally ranged around 15 percent of the dose, regardless of the chromium compounds applied. The absorption rate of chromic oxide, which is considered a nonabsorbable compound, was 14.4 as a percentage of chromium intake. This result indicates that some loss of chromium has to be taken into account in metabolic trials made by the indicator method. In isolated rat intestine, from the injected Cr 2.5% of chromic oxide and 43.2% of sodium chromate were absorbed during an hour (experiment II). The absorbed chromium was transferred to the liver where the liver tissue retained 10.9% of chromic oxide and 51.1% of sodium chromate. Radioactivity of v. cava caudalis following intestinal injection of Na2CrO4 was thirtyfold greater than after Na2CrO4 dosing. This phenomenon can be explained by the lower blood clearance of chromate. Different absorption rate of chromate depending on the route of administration could be due to the fact that the hexavalent form given orally was reduced to Cr3+ in the acidic environment of the stomach. When Na2CrO4 was infused directly in the intestine of rats, such reduction could not occur. This means that the acidic gastric juice might play a role in inhibiting the intestinal absorption of Na2CrO4 when this compound is given orally.

The ex-vivo intestinal absorption rate of uranium is a two-phase function of supply

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Konietzka ◽  
Rita Heinze ◽  
Margarete Seiwert ◽  
Hermann H. Dieter
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Phase Function ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Two Phase
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