scholarly journals Boosting Ammonia Synthesis under Mild Reaction Conditions by Precise Control of the Basic Oxide–Ru Interface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsutoshi Sato ◽  
Katsutoshi Nagaoka
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Basic Oxide ◽  
Precise Control

scholarly journals Efficient Flow Electrochemical Alkoxylation of Pyrrolidine-1-carbaldehyde

Synlett ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1183-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Amri ◽  
Ryan A. Skilton ◽  
Duncan Guthrie ◽  
Thomas Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Electrochemical Microreactor

We report on the optimization of the alkoxylation of pyrrolidine-1-carbaldehyde by using a new electrochemical microreactor. Precise control of the reaction conditions permits the synthesis of either mono- or dialkoxylated reaction products in high yields.

scholarly journals Reaction mechanism and kinetics for ammonia synthesis on the Fe(211) reconstructed surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 11444-11454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Fuller ◽  
Alessandro Fortunelli ◽  
William A. Goddard III ◽  
Qi An
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Surface Reactions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Mechanism And Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Barriers ◽  
Reconstructed Surface ◽  
Energy Reaction

To provide guidelines to accelerate the Haber–Bosch (HB) process for synthesis of ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen, we used Quantum Mechanics (QM) to determine the reaction mechanism and free energy reaction barriers under experimental reaction conditions (400 °C and 20 atm) for all 10 important surface reactions on the Fe(211)R surface.

scholarly journals Latest Advances on the Synthesis of Linear ABC-Type Triblock Terpolymers and Star-Shaped Polymers by RAFT Polymerization

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1698
Author(s):  
Athanasios Skandalis ◽  
Theodore Sentoukas ◽  
Despoina Giaouzi ◽  
Martha Kafetzi ◽  
Stergios Pispas
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Versatile Technique ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Triblock Terpolymers

This review article aims to cover the most recent advances regarding the synthesis of linear ABC-type triblock terpolymers and star-shaped polymers by RAFT polymerization, as well as their self-assembly properties in aqueous solutions. RAFT polymerization has received extensive attention, as it is a versatile technique, compatible with a great variety of functional monomers and reaction conditions, while providing exceptional and precise control over the final structure, with well-defined side-groups and post-polymerization engineering potential. Linear triblock terpolymers synthesis can lead to very interesting novel ideas, since there are countless combinations of stimuli/non-stimuli and hydrophilic/hydrophobic monomers that someone can use. One of their most interesting features is their ubiquitous ability to self-assemble in different nanostructures depending on their degree of polymerization (DP), block composition, solubilization protocol, internal and external stimuli. On the other hand, star-shaped polymers exhibit a more stable nanostructure, with a distinct crosslinked core and arm blocks that can also incorporate stimuli-responsive blocks for “smart” applications.

Optimization of oxygen evolution dynamics on RuO2via controlling of spontaneous dissociation equilibrium

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1779-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Long Yuan ◽  
Zhongyuan Liu ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Keke Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Dissociation Equilibrium ◽  
Evolution Dynamics

With precise control of reaction conditions, it is possible to accelerate the oxygen evolution kinetics through optimization of adsorption/dissociation equilibrium.

scholarly journals Co/Ba/La2O3 catalyst for ammonia synthesis under mild reaction conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsutoshi Nagaoka ◽  
Shin-ichiro Miyahara ◽  
Katsutoshi Sato ◽  
Yuta Ogura ◽  
Kotoko Tsujimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Turnover Frequency ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Synthesis Activity ◽  
Co Nanoparticles ◽  
Ammonia Poisoning ◽  
Nanoparticle Catalyst

Ruthenium catalysts may allow realization of renewable energy–based ammonia synthesis processes using mild reaction conditions (<400 °C, <10 MPa). However, ruthenium is relatively rare and therefore expensive. Here, we report a Co nanoparticle catalyst loaded on a basic Ba/La2O3 support and pre-reduced at 700 °C (Co/Ba/La2O3_700red) that showed higher ammonia synthesis activity at 350 °C and 1.0–3.0 MPa than two benchmark Ru catalysts, Cs+/Ru/MgO and Ru/CeO2. The synthesis rate of the catalyst at 350 °C and 1.0 MPa (19.3 mmol h−1g−1) was 8.0 times that of Co/Ba/La2O3_500red and 6.9 times that of Co/La2O3_700red. The catalyst showed activity at temperatures down to 200 °C. High-temperature reduction induced formation of a BaO-La2O3 nano-fraction around the Co nanoparticles, which increased turnover frequency, inhibited Co nanoparticle sintering, and suppressed ammonia poisoning. These strategies may also be appliable to nickel catalysts.

Effect of the size and distribution of supported Ru nanoparticles on their activity in ammonia synthesis under mild reaction conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 474 ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Fernández ◽  
Capucine Sassoye ◽  
Damien P. Debecker ◽  
Clément Sanchez ◽  
Patricio Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Ru Nanoparticles

Disclosing the synergistic mechanism in the catalytic activity of different-sized Ru nanoparticles for ammonia synthesis at mild reaction conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Fernández ◽  
Chiara Pezzotta ◽  
Eric M. Gaigneaux ◽  
Nicolas Bion ◽  
Daniel Duprez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Ru Nanoparticles ◽  
Synergistic Mechanism
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