Torispherical drumheads: A limit-pressure and shakedown investigation

1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G E Findlay ◽  
D G Moffat ◽  
P Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Plastic Range ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Complete Test ◽  
Head Height ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Relevant Factors

Following elastic tests, which have been described in detail elsewhere, further work has been carried out in the plastic range on four full-size mild-steel torispherical drumheads subjected to internal pressure. The work is presented here in two parts. Part 1 contains a review of some previous theoretical numerical and experimental work related to the present study, an account of the test installation and procedure, and a presentation of the complete test results. Data on the initiation and propagation of yield are also included. In Part 2 the variations in maximum head strain and head height with increasing pressure are compared with computer predictions from an existing C.E.G.B. programme; there are some inconsistencies between the numerical and experimental data and the relevant factors are considered in detail. The observed limit pressures and maximum shakedown pressures are compared with independent alternative values from several different sources and the implications of the experimental results in relation to design are discussed.

Shoulder Pain at Work: Causation Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Joel Weddington ◽  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Mark Melhorn ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Causation Analysis ◽  
Injury Causation ◽  
Relevant Factors

Abstract In most cases of shoulder injury at work, causation analysis is not clear-cut and requires detailed, thoughtful, and time-consuming causation analysis; traditionally, physicians have approached this in a cursory manner, often presenting their findings as an opinion. An established method of causation analysis using six steps is outlined in the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Guidelines and in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, Second Edition, as follows: 1) collect evidence of disease; 2) collect epidemiological data; 3) collect evidence of exposure; 4) collect other relevant factors; 5) evaluate the validity of the evidence; and 6) write a report with evaluation and conclusions. Evaluators also should recognize that thresholds for causation vary by state and are based on specific statutes or case law. Three cases illustrate evidence-based causation analysis using the six steps and illustrate how examiners can form well-founded opinions about whether a given condition is work related, nonoccupational, or some combination of these. An evaluator's causal conclusions should be rational, should be consistent with the facts of the individual case and medical literature, and should cite pertinent references. The opinion should be stated “to a reasonable degree of medical probability,” on a “more-probable-than-not” basis, or using a suitable phrase that meets the legal threshold in the applicable jurisdiction.

scholarly journals Determinants of Workforce Preparedness during Pandemics Among Healthcare Workers at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110047
Author(s):  
Michelle D. Balut ◽  
Claudia Der-Martirosian ◽  
Aram Dobalian
Keyword(s):  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Workforce Preparedness ◽  
Household Preparedness ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Relevant Factors

Objective: An infectious disease outbreak can place a significant burden on healthcare systems, however, our understanding of the broader healthcare workforce’s preparedness during a pandemic is limited. This study examines factors that influence perceived workforce preparedness at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) during a pandemic. Methods: The VA Preparedness Survey was a random, anonymous, web-based survey fielded nationwide October to December 2018. Multivariate statistical analyses examined the effects of study relevant factors (sociodemographic, work-related, general health, and household-related characteristics of VA employees) on perceptions of workforce preparedness, including institutional readiness and understanding of individual roles during a pandemic. Results: Four thousand and twenty-six VA employees responded. Overall, 55% were confident in their VA medical facility’s ability to respond; 49% understood their role; and 68% reported their role to be important during a pandemic. After controlling for study-relevant factors, household preparedness, having plans that address the health care needs of family members, and higher self-reported health status were associated with all 3 workforce preparedness variables. Clinical staff (compared to non-clinical staff) were less likely (OR:0.80, 95% CI:0.68-0.94, P < .01) to have confidence in their medical facility’s ability to respond but more likely (OR:1.77, 95% CI:1.49-2.10, P < .001) to believe their role was important. Employees who have been at the VA longer (OR:1.07, 95% CI:1.01-1.14, P < .05) or have experienced a disaster while working at the VA (OR:1.29, 95% CI:1.04-1.59, P < .05) were more likely to understand their role during a pandemic. Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest the need for identifying ways to increase VA employees’ confidence in their medical facility’s ability to respond to a pandemic; develop trainings to improve understanding of their different yet critical roles, for both clinical and non-clinical staff, during a pandemic; create different workforce trainings for newly hired employees; and identify ways to improve household preparedness for a pandemic outbreak.

The moral construction of worry about radiation exposure: Emotion, knowledge, and tests

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aug Nishizaka
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Moral Construction ◽  
Fukushima Disaster ◽  
Do So

In the analysis of video recordings of the interactions between a doctor and the examinees following internal radiation exposure tests at a hospital in Fukushima Prefecture, I explore how the participants address one of the most serious consequences of the Fukushima disaster, that is, their concerns about radioactive materials. To do so, this study employs conversation analysis. The doctor’s presentation of the test results provides the examinees with a place to express relief and also makes relevant the justification work related to the expression of relief. In conclusion, I consider how the internal exposure tests also function as a communication tool in the context in which residents from affected areas face potential difficulties in expressing their worry about radiation.

scholarly journals Comparison of Test Measurements Taken on a Pipeline Compressor / Gas Turbine Unit in the Workshop and at Site

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Schmitt ◽  
V. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Unit ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Turbine Unit ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Measuring Methods ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
The Third ◽  
Load Conditions

The first part of this paper describes the test installation of the gas turbine and the compressor in the workshop, test execution, measuring methods, evaluation and measuring uncertainties. The second part of this paper describes the site installation, execution of the test under full load conditions on natural gas, measuring methods, evaluation and measuring uncertainties. The third part of this paper compares both the measurements and the Reynolds number correction which was used for the evaluation of the pipeline compressor test results in the workshop.

scholarly journals Occupation and risk of severe COVID-19: prospective cohort study of 120,075 UK Biobank participants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Mutambudzi ◽  
Claire L Niedzwiedz ◽  
Ewan B Macdonald ◽  
Alastair H Leyland ◽  
Frances S Mair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Occupational Classification ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Transport Workers ◽  
Risk Ratios ◽  
Baseline Demographic

Objectives: To investigate severe COVID-19 risk by occupational group. Methods: Baseline UK Biobank data (2006-10) for England were linked to SARS-CoV-2 test results from Public Health England (16 March to 26 July 2020). Included participants were employed or self-employed at baseline, alive and aged less than 65 years in 2020. Poisson regression models adjusted sequentially for baseline demographic, socioeconomic, work-related, health, and lifestyle-related risk factors to assess risk ratios (RRs) for testing positive in hospital or death due to COVID-19 by three occupational classification schemes (including Standard Occupation Classification 2000). Results: Of 120,075 participants, 271 had severe COVID-19. Relative to non-essential workers, healthcare workers (RR 7.43, 95% CI:5.52,10.00), social and education workers (RR 1.84, 95% CI:1.21,2.82) and other essential workers (RR=1.60, 95% CI:1.05,2.45) had higher risk of severe COVID-19. Using more detailed groupings, medical support staff (RR 8.70, 95% CI:4.87,15.55), social care (RR 2.46, 95% CI:1.47,4.14) and transport workers (RR= 2.20, 95% CI:1.21,4.00) had highest risk within the broader groups. Compared to white non-essential workers, non-white non-essential workers had a higher risk (RR 3.27, 95% CI: 1.90,5.62) and non-white essential workers had the highest risk (RR 8.34, 95% CI:5.17,13.47). Using SOC2000 major groups, associate professional and technical occupations, personal service occupations and plant and machine operatives had higher risk, compared to managers and senior officials. Conclusions: Essential workers have higher risk of severe COVID-19. These findings underscore the need for national and organizational policies and practices that protect and support workers with elevated risk of severe COVID-19.

Crack Initiation Process for Semi-Circular Notched Plate in Fatigue Test at Elevated Temperature

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bopit Bubphachot ◽  
Osamu Watanabe ◽  
Nobuchika Kawasaki ◽  
Naoto Kasahara
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Crack Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Propagation Process ◽  
Initiation Process ◽  
Initiation And Propagation

Crack initiation and propagation process of fatigue test in semi-circular notched plates at elevated temperature were observed by the CCD video camera. Test specimens are made of SUS304 stainless steel, and temperature is kept to be 550°C, and geometry of semi-circular notched plate specimens are changed by diameter size of the circular hole. Photographs in all cycles were recorded to investigate crack initiation process in structural components having stress concentration and obtain number of cycle of crack initiation (Nc). The test results were compared with predictions by Stress Redistribution Locus (SRL) method and Neuber’s rule’s method.

First Test Results of a Haptic Tele-Operation System to Enhance Stability of Telescopic Handlers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cenci ◽  
Giulio Rosati ◽  
Damiano Zanotto ◽  
Fabio Oscari ◽  
Aldo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Input Device ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Operation System ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Working Capability ◽  
Stiff Joint

According to a recent report of ILO (International Labour Organization), more than two million people die or loose the working capability every year because of accidents or work-related diseases. A large portion of these accidents are related to the execution of motion and transportation tasks involving heavy duty machines. The insufficient degree of interaction between the human operator and the machine may be regarded as one of the major causes of this phenomenon. The main goal of the tele-operation system presented in this paper is to both preserving slave (machine) stability, by reducing the inputs of slave actuators when certain unsafe working conditions occur, and improving the level of interaction at master (operator) side. Different control schemes are proposed in the paper, including several combinations of master and slave control strategies. The effectiveness of the algorithms is analyzed by presenting some experimental results, based on the use of a two degrees-of-freedom force feedback input device (with one active actuator and one passive stiff joint) coupled with a simulator of a telescopic handler.

Development and Test Results of a Full-Size Joint Sample for the CFETR Central Solenoid Model Coil

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1822-1825
Author(s):  
Guanghui Ma ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Jinggang Qin ◽  
Huajun Liu ◽  
Qiangwang Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Model Coil

Creep Rupture Bending Test of 20 Percent Cold-Prestrained Ni-Fe-Cr Alloy Straight Tubes at 1100 F(593 C)

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Woo ◽  
R. H. Ryder ◽  
K. H. Holko ◽  
R. F. Stetson
Keyword(s):  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Creep Rupture ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Strain History ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Nonuniform Stress Field ◽  
Point Bend ◽  
Four Point Bend Test

A four-point bend test was performed on 20 percent cold-prestrained Ni-Fe-Cr alloy tubes at 1100 F (593 C) to verify that creep rupture damage can be used to predict failure in a nonuniform stress field. Deflection control and acoustic emission techniques were used to detect crack initiation, strain gages were employed to record the strain history in the specimen, and a scanning electron microscrope was utilized to check crack initiation and propagation. Stress analyses were made using simplified and finite element methods. Comparison of test results and analyses concluded that creep rupture damage can be used to predict local material failure for structural components under multiaxial nonuniform loading conditions.

scholarly journals Experimental and FEM Studies on Secondary Co-Curing Reinforcement of Laminates

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Tiejun Liu ◽  
Peiyi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Failure ◽  
Damage And Fracture ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Final Failure ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Large Opening

In this study, a static tensile test of secondary co-cure reinforcement (SCR) of laminates revealed the damage and fracture locations in the respective structure. Test results indicated that adhesive debonding was the primary cause of structural failure. Finite element modeling (FEM) performed on the large opening laminate and strengthening structure consisted of simulations of the axial tension experiment, damage assessment, and the final load estimate. It was observed that the tensile strength of SCR was increased by 10.81% in comparison with the unrepaired structure. The results of FEM indicated that the initiation and propagation of damage, and final failure, were located in the layer of reinforcing section which was bonded to the adhesive layer, proving that the performance of the adhesive layer was the dominating factor with regard to the reinforced structure and that the thickness of the reinforcing section could be reduced to lessen the weight.

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