scholarly journals Studies on Amphibian Metamorphosis

1939 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-120
Author(s):  
O. M. HELFF

(1) Opercular integument, homoplastically transplanted to the back and side of R. temporaria larvae, underwent a process of partial degeneration. The histolysis was not confined to any localized region of the transplant. (2) Autoplastic transplantation of opercular integument to the back and side produced a variety of results. Normal histological structure was maintained in certain transplants, generalized degeneration was observed in others, while in several instances localized histolysis resulting in perforation formation occurred. (3) Homoplastic and autoplastic transplantation of back and side skin to the opercular region resulted in histolysis and perforation formation in such transplants during larval involution. (4) The right forelimbs (in early stages of development) with attached portions of the shoulder girdle were extirpated in R. temporaria and B. bufo. During subsequent metamorphosis, normal opercular histolysis followed by perforation formation in many cases was observed. In most instances, serial sections of the peribranchial cavity revealed the absence of cutaneous glands. (5) Extirpation of the right forelimb only was made in the same two species. Opercular histolysis subsequently occurred in all instances, resulting in perforation formation in the great majority of cases during larval involution. In many of the B. bufo animals two separate perforations developed, one filled with limb stump and the other with gill tissue. (6) It is concluded that in R. temporaria a particular area of the operculum may in some individuals possess self-degenerative potentialities conducive to histolysis and perforation formation during metamorphosis. In both R. temporaria and B. bufo histolytic influences emanating from the atrophying gill tissue and the cutaneous glands of the forelimb are probably also responsible for opercular histolysis and perforation formation. Limb pressure must be considered a supplemental factor. (7) The results are discussed in general and attention called to the fact that opercular histolysis and perforation formation are "doubly assured" in some species and possibly even "triply assured" in others. Emphasis is placed on the evidently wide divergence between species as regards the particular combination of factors responsible for opercular histolysis and perforation formation. Apparently, no one explanation can serve to account for the phenomenon as it occurs in various species of anurans.

Author(s):  
Douglas P. Wilson

Fertilizations ofMagelona filiformis, M. alleni, andM. mirabiliswere made in the laboratory and the resulting larvae reared through the earliest stages. Later stages of all three species were obtained from the plankton and induced to metamorphose in the laboratory. The long larval tentacles derive from the prototroch and associated tissues. Adult tentacles appear during later pelagic life as thickenings at the bases of the larval tentacles; the latter, together with the long provisional bristles, are discarded at metamorphosis. The early larvae ofM. alleniare considerably larger than equivalent stages of the other two species. The early larvae ofM. mirabilisare peculiar in that at first the larval tentacle of the left side is a mere stump while that of the right side is relatively large; in the other two species both tentacles are of equal length. Larvae of the three species are readily identifiable by characters described in the text.


1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Vaupel ◽  
O D Sherwood ◽  
M B Anderson

Immunocytochemical staining for relaxin in ovarian sections of pregnant mice from day 11 through day 18 of gestation revealed that only corpora lutea (CL) of pregnancy are stained. Evaluation of serial sections of ovaries from a day 16 pregnant mouse revealed that the only luteal structures present are CL of pregnancy. The number of CL present in each ovary equaled the number of implantation sites in each related horn (7 on the right side and 8 on the left side). These large CL varied in shape, being round in some profiles to very elongate in others. All CL were immunochemically stained for relaxin using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method of L. Sternberger (Immunocytochemistry, 2nd ed. Wiley, New York, 1979). The intensity of the strain varied from cell to cell within each CL. Small luteal structures that were observed to be immunochemically stained for relaxin were demonstrated to represent the periphery of CL of pregnancy. No luteinized follicles were observed and interstitial cells and follicles were not immunochemically stained in any of the day 16 serial ovarian sections or in any of the ovarian sections from pregnant mice on the other days of gestation studied. CL of previous cycles were not observed to be present in the ovaries at days 15, 16, or 18 of gestation. However on day 14 and before, CL of previous cycles were observed and they did not exhibit any relaxin immunostaining. Immunocytochemical studies using the biotin-avidin system revealed that no relaxin immunostaining could be demonstrated in the ovaries of cycling mice at any stage of the estrous cycle. In conclusion, this study revealed that the only ovarian structures demonstrating relaxin immunocytochemical staining in the mouse were CL of pregnancy.


1984 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Margaret Chatterjee

In what follows I shall reflect on some of the things Professor Lewis has said in various contexts on the theme of inter-religious understanding, but taking a cue mainly from remarks made in his recent book Jesus in the Faith of Christians. Our sights will be set on the extent to which understanding is possible and, going on from there, the extent to which a sharing of insights is possible. The theme suggests a certain progression within experience. There is by now a considerable literature on the subject. Some of it gives the impression of what, with due respect to one of the greatest poets of all time, might be called a kind of Rabbie Burns Prinzip in reverse. Would that we could understand the ‘other’ as we understand ourselves. This Prinzip runs into a problem right away, for how far does our self-understanding reach? Those familiar with the psycho-analyst's couch or even those unfamiliar with this particular discipline, for discipline it is, find it to be an endless process. How far, moreover, does our ‘understanding’ of our own faith and tradition extend? Is ‘understanding’ the right word anyway? To speak of entering more deeply into the Divine mystery, as the man of faith well may, is, ipso facto, to witness to the inadequacy and even irrelevancy of all categorial nets. The prayer to ‘Lighten our darkness’ is less a philosopher's plea for intelligibility than a cry for succour, that the clouds of doubt and unbelief may be, through Divine grace, in some way which we cannot understand, penetrated and dispelled.


1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Bredeck

Direct heart punctures were made in two groups of unanesthetized chickens to determine the left and right intraventricular blood pressures. One group was composed of nonlaying birds 28–30 weeks old and the other of laying hens 65–67 weeks of age. Heart rates and the respiratory influence on pressure were also measured. Average pressures obtained were 144/0 and 21/ - 1 mm Hg for the left and right ventricle, respectively. Respiratory efforts caused a mean fluctuation in systolic pressure of approximately 8 mm Hg in the left ventricle and 4 mm Hg in the right. With the exception of the right ventricular diastolic blood pressure, there were no significant pressure or pulse rate differences between the two groups. The heart rate and left ventricular pressure were found to be significantly correlated ( P < .01) in both groups of birds.


Author(s):  
Celeste Montoya

One hundred years after the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, the ability of women—all women—to effectively exercise the right to vote is far from guaranteed. This chapter provides a broad overview of women’s voting rights that emphasizes the intersections of gender and race starting with the woman’s suffrage movement of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and moving to the recent attacks on voting rights and the potential intersectional implications they might have. This analysis takes what are often treated as two separate narratives of voting rights, one about gender and the other about race, and identifies the intersectional interventions that have or might be made in order to create a more inclusive and continuous account of women’s voting rights.


1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 375-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Brown

ABSTRACT Selected human urinary gonadotrophins were assayed against one another using various measures of response in the same immature female mice. Intact or hypophysectomized animals were used and in some experiments the results of hypophysectomy were checked in complete serial sections. Extracts from the urine of two subjects with Turner's syndrome were compared. In intact mice, the relative potency judged by the ovarian response differed from that shown by the uterine response and the 95 % fiducial limits of the two estimates did not overlap. When the mice were hypophysectomized, one extract became much less potent while the other did not. Similar differences were shown in the response of intact mice to urinary extracts from two subjects with Klinefelter's syndrome. There was a marked disparity between the relative potencies shown by the uterine response and by the incidence of vaginal opening. Similar differences were not shown between the responses to different extracts from the urine of normal postmenopausal women, but these extracts were known to differ little in quality. The results are interpreted in terms of qualitative differences between human urinary gonadotrophins.


2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Sándor Richter

The order and modalities of cross-member state redistribution as well as the net financial position of the member states are one of the most widely discussed aspects of European integration. The paper addresses selected issues in the current debate on the EU budget for the period 2007 to 2013 and introduces four scenarios. The first is identical to the European Commission's proposal; the second is based on reducing the budget to 1% of the EU's GNI, as proposed by the six net-payer countries, while maintaining the expenditure structure of the Commission's proposal. The next two scenarios represent radical reforms: one of them also features a '1% EU GNI'; however, the expenditures for providing 'EU-wide value-added' are left unchanged and it is envisaged that the requisite cuts will be made in the expenditures earmarked for cohesion. The other reform scenario is different from the former one in that the cohesion-related expenditures are left unchanged and the expenditures for providing 'EU-wide value-added' are reduced. After the comparison of the various scenarios, the allocation of transfers to the new member states in terms of the conditions prevailing in the different scenarios is analysed.


2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Engku Liyana Zafirah Engku Mohd Suhaimi ◽  
Jamil Salleh ◽  
Suzaini Abd Ghani ◽  
Mohamad Faizul Yahya ◽  
Mohd Rozi Ahmad

An investigation on the properties of Tenun Pahang fabric performances using alternative yarns was conducted. The studies were made in order to evaluate whether the Tenun Pahang fabric could be produced economically and at the same time maintain the fabric quality. Traditional Tenun Pahang fabric uses silk for both warp and weft. For this project, two alternative yarns were used which were bamboo and modal, which were a little lower in cost compared to silk. These yarns were woven with two variations, one with the yarns as weft only while maintaining the silk warp and the other with both warp and weft using the alternative yarns. Four (4) physical testings and three (3) mechanical testings conducted on the fabric samples. The fabric samples were evaluated including weight, thickness, thread density, crease recovery angle, stiffness and drapability. The results show that modal/silk and bamboo silk fabrics are comparable in terms of stiffness and drapability, hence they have the potential to replace 100% silk Tenun Pahang.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Tudor-Vlad Sfârlog

Abstract The present study offers the doctrine of the right of intellectual creation new perspectives on the study of the institution of termination of the assignment contract for the patrimonial rights resulting from the intellectual creation. We believe that the present study is rich in doctrinal contributions, formulating new theses and opening the prospect for new perspectives of scientific research. Last but not least, we appreciate that the proposals made in the present study contribute not only to the activity of opinionated in the field, but also to the work of practitioners and direct beneficiaries of the legal provisions on the assignment of patrimonial rights of authors.


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