Locomotor corollary activation of trigeminal motoneurons: coupling of discrete motor behaviors

2015 ◽  
Vol 218 (11) ◽  
pp. 1748-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hanzi ◽  
R. Banchi ◽  
H. Straka ◽  
B. P. Chagnaud
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Trigeminal Motoneurons

scholarly journals Outward Currents Influencing Bursting Dynamics in Guinea Pig Trigeminal Motoneurons

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1478-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. del Negro ◽  
Chie-Fang Hsiao ◽  
Scott H. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Pump Current ◽  
Burst Duration ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Outward Currents ◽  
Inward Currents ◽  
Trigeminal Motoneurons

Outward currents influencing bursting dynamics in guinea pig trigeminal motoneurons. To initiate and maintain bursts (and plateau potentials) in the presence of serotonin, guinea pig trigeminal motoneurons utilize L-type Ca2+ and persistent Na+ inward currents. However, the intrinsic currents that contribute to burst termination and determine the duration of the interburst interval are unknown. Therefore we investigated the roles of outward currents, whose slow activation is coupled to cytosolic cation (Ca2+ and Na+) accumulation. First we examined a Ca2+-dependent K+ current ( I K-Ca) with apamin and Ba2+-substituted, low-Ca2+ solution. Blockade of I K-Ca lengthened burst duration and cycle time but did not abolish bursting. Next we studied the Na+/K+-ATPase pump current ( I p) with cardiac glycosides. In the presence of apamin or low-Ca2+/Ba2+ solution, blocking I p (with ouabain or strophanthidin) decreased both burst duration and cycle time and ultimately transformed bursting into tonic spiking. We conclude that I K-Ca and I p contribute to burst termination in trigeminal motoneurons. These currents influence temporal bursting properties such as burst duration and cycle time and may help determine the phasic activity of motoneurons during rhythmic oral-motor behaviors.

Do What You Hear: A Dolphin's Use of Sound Cues to Imitate Motor Behaviors

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Jaakkola ◽  
Emily Guarino ◽  
Mandy Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behaviors

scholarly journals Promoting Interpersonal Relationships through Elbow Tag, a Traditional Sporting Game. A Multidimensional Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7887
Author(s):  
Verónica Muñoz-Arroyave ◽  
Miguel Pic ◽  
Rafael Luchoro-Parrilla ◽  
Jorge Serna ◽  
Cristòfol Salas-Santandreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The aim of this research was to study from a multidimensional point of view (decisional, relational and energetic) the interpersonal relationships established by girls and boys in the traditional sport game of Elbow Tag. Scientific evidence has shown that Traditional Sport Games (TSG) trigger different effects on male and female genders in relation to emotional experiences, decision-making, conflicts and motor relationships. Despite the fact that these dimensions are intertwined, there are hardly any studies that interpret motor behaviors holistically, i.e., taking a multidimensional (360°) view of these dimensions. For this study, a quasi-experimental design was used and a type III design was applied, inspired by the observational methodology N/P/M. A total of 147 university students participated (M = 19.6, SD = 2.3): 47 girls (31.97%) and 100 boys (68.02%). A mixed ‘ad hoc’ registration system was designed with acceptable margins of data quality. Cross-tabulations, classification trees and T-patterns analysis were applied. The results indicated that social interactions between girls and boys in a mixed group were unequal. This difference was mainly due to decision-making (sub-role variable), which has much greater predictive power than the energetic variables (MV and steps).

scholarly journals Pursuing Artful Movement Science in Music Performance: Single Subject Motor Analysis With Two Elite Pianists

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110034
Author(s):  
Craig Turner ◽  
Peter Visentin ◽  
Deanna Oye ◽  
Scott Rathwell ◽  
Gongbing Shan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Piano Students ◽  
Motor Strategy ◽  
The Right

Piano performance motor learning research requires more “artful” methodologies if it is to meaningfully address music performance as a corporeal art. To date, research has been sparse and it has typically constrained multiple performance variables in order to isolate specific phenomena. This approach has denied the fundamental ethos of music performance which, for elite performers, is an act of interpretation, not mere reproduction. Piano performances are intentionally manipulated for artistic expression. We documented motor movements in the complex task of performance of the first six measures of Chopin’s “Revolutionary” Etude by two anthropometrically different elite pianists. We then discussed their motor strategy selections as influenced by anthropometry and the composer’s musical directives. To quantify the joint angles of the trunk, shoulders, elbows, and wrists, we used a VICON 3 D motion capture system and biomechanical modeling. A Kistler force plate (1 N, Swiss) quantified center of gravity (COG) shifts. Changes in COG and trunk angles had considerable influence on the distal segments of the upper limbs. The shorter pianist used an anticipatory strategy, employing larger shifts in COG and trunk angles to produce dynamic stability as compensation for a smaller stature. Both pianists took advantage of low inertial left shoulder internal rotation and adduction to accommodate large leaps in the music. For the right arm, motor strategizing was confounded by rests in the music. These two cases illustrated, in principle, that expert pianists’ individualized motor behaviors can be explained as compensatory efforts to accommodate both musical goals and anthropometric constraints. Motor learning among piano students can benefit from systematic attention to motor strategies that consider both of these factors.

Chemosensory-induced motor behaviors in fish

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheylen Daghfous ◽  
Warren W Green ◽  
Barbara S Zielinski ◽  
Réjean Dubuc
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behaviors

scholarly journals Probability-Based Prediction of Activity in Multiple Arm Muscles: Implications for Functional Electrical Stimulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 482-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad V. Anderson ◽  
Andrew J. Fuglevand
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Muscle Stimulation ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Arm Muscles

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) involves artificial activation of muscles with implanted electrodes to restore motor function in paralyzed individuals. The range of motor behaviors that can be generated by FES, however, is limited to a small set of preprogrammed movements such as hand grasp and release. A broader range of movements has not been implemented because of the substantial difficulty associated with identifying the patterns of muscle stimulation needed to elicit specified movements. To overcome this limitation in controlling FES systems, we used probabilistic methods to estimate the levels of muscle activity in the human arm during a wide range of free movements based on kinematic information of the upper limb. Conditional probability distributions were generated based on hand kinematics and associated surface electromyographic (EMG) signals from 12 arm muscles recorded during a training task involving random movements of the arm in one subject. These distributions were then used to predict in four other subjects the patterns of muscle activity associated with eight different movement tasks. On average, about 40% of the variance in the actual EMG signals could be accounted for in the predicted EMG signals. These results suggest that probabilistic methods ultimately might be used to predict the patterns of muscle stimulation needed to produce a wide array of desired movements in paralyzed individuals with FES.

A Pilot Open-Label Trial of Citalopram for Restless Activity and Aberrant Motor Behaviors in Alzheimer Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Scharre ◽  
Rebecca A. Davis ◽  
Jennifer L. Warner ◽  
Shu-Ing Chang ◽  
David Q. Beversdorf
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Open Label Trial

Design of a Haptic-Gripper Virtual Reality System (Hg) for Analyzing Fine Motor Behaviors in Children with Autism

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Zhao ◽  
Zhaobo Zheng ◽  
Amy Swanson ◽  
Amy Weitlauf ◽  
Zachary Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Virtual Reality System ◽  
Motor Behaviors
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