scholarly journals Temperature Regulation of Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera) Foraging in the Sonoran Desert

1985 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Cooper ◽  
William M. Schaffer ◽  
Stephen L. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Pollen Foraging ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Thoracic Temperature

A heat budget for foraging honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) indicated that at 30–35°C all bees are in positive heat balance during flight. Observations of honey bees returning to their hives at high ambient temperatures support the conjecture that honey bees regulate head and thorax temperatures at high Ta by regurgitating droplets of honey stomach contents which are then evaporated. The proportion of returning bees with a droplet on the tongue increased with increasing shade temperature (Ts), from essentially no bees at 20°C to 40% of returning bees at 40°C. Pollen foragers carry relatively little fluid during the hottest periods, and pollen foraging decreased at high ambient temperatures. Thoracic temperatures of pollen collectors are significantly higher than thoracic temperatures of water and nectar gatherers at 40°C (46.13 vs 44°C). Additionally, water and nectar foragers with extruded droplets have slightly cooler heads and thoraces (38.94 and 43.22°C) than bees not extruding droplets (40.28 and 44.18°C). Wingloading and thoracic temperatures of bees are inversely correlated at high ambient temperatures (35°C) and this is probably caused by a higher propensity of heavier bees to extrude fluid, thus reducing thoracic temperature.

scholarly journals Protein trophallaxis and the regulation of pollen foraging by honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

Apidologie ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Camazine ◽  
Karl Crailsheim ◽  
Norbert Hrassnigg ◽  
Gene E. Robinson ◽  
Bernhard Leonhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Pollen Foraging

Brood pheromone stimulates pollen foraging in honey bees ( Apis mellifera )

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Pankiw ◽  
Robert E. Page Jr ◽  
M. Kim Fondrk
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Pollen Foraging ◽  
Brood Pheromone

POLLEN STORAGE AND FORAGING BY HONEY BEES (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRIES (ERICACEAE), CULTIVAR BLUECROP

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet H. Dogterom ◽  
Mark L. Winston
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Colony Size ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Pollen Foraging ◽  
Pollen Storage ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Highbush Blueberries

AbstractWe investigated pollen and nectar foraging of honey bees, Apis mellifera L., from pollen-poor and pollen-rich, small and large colonies in blooming highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Bluecrop fields. The proportion of pollen foragers differed significantly between pollen-rich and pollen-poor colonies after storage levels were manipulated, but foraging and pollen stores returned to similar levels within a week. No differences were found in small colonies, although the proportion of pollen foragers was high (46% and 45% from pollen-rich and pollen-poor colonies, respectively). Only 7.6% of pollen foragers carried Vaccinium sp. pollen in their loads independent of treatment, day, and colony size, whereas 60.8% of nectar foragers carried up to 100 tetrads of Vaccinium sp. pollen on their bodies. The average proportion of Vaccinium sp. pollen carried by nectar and pollen foragers per day and treatment was less than 10%. Our research indicates that when colonies are placed in fields of blooming blueberry flowers, pollen foraging is stimulated in large colonies with stores that are pollen poor, but predominantly for pollen types other than blueberry. This research indicates that nectar foragers are the major visitor of highbush blueberry cv. Bluecrop and suggests that increasing the number of nectar foragers rather than pollen foragers would result in more honey bees foraging on highbush blueberry, in particular cv. Bluecrop.

scholarly journals Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) display reduced pollen foraging behavior when marked with bee tags vs. paint

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callin Morgan Switzer ◽  
Stacey A. Combes
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Wing Beat ◽  
Pollen Foraging ◽  
Wing Beat Frequency ◽  
Significant Change

Numbered bee tags, developed for marking honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus), are glued to the mesosoma of many bees to uniquely identify them.  We recorded whether or not bees sonicated to collect pollen after being marked, and we compared the sonication frequency, sonication length, and wing beat frequency of Bombus (Pyrobombus) impatiens Cresson that were tagged with bee tags vs. marked with paint.  We found that bees with tags glued to their mesosoma had no significant change in wing beat frequency, sonication frequency, or sonication length, relative to bees that were marked with paint; however, we found that the probability of collecting pollen via sonication after being marked was much lower for bees marked with bee tags vs. paint.

Flight energetics in sphinx moths: heat production and heat loss in Hyles lineata during free flight

1976 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-560
Author(s):  
T. M. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Thoracic Temperature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal

1. Mean thoracic temperature of free-flying H. lineata in the field and in the laboratory increased from about 40 degrees C at Ta=16 degrees C to 42–5 degrees C at Ta=32 degrees C. At a given Ta, thoracic temperature was independent of body weight and weakly correlated with wing loading. 2. The difference between abdominal temperature and air temperature increased from 2 degrees C at low Ta to 4-2 degrees C at high Ta. At a given Ta, the difference between Tab and Ta was positively correlated with thoracic temperature. 3. Oxygen consumption per unit weight did not appear to vary with Ta from 15 to 30 degrees C and was inversely proportional to body weight. 4. Thermal conductance of the abdomen (Cab) was greater than thermal conductance of the thorax (Cth) in still air and at wind velocities up to 2-5 m/s. In moving air at speeds approximating flight, Cth was twice as high as in still air. Under the same conditions Cab was 3-4 times as high as in still air. 5. Thoracic and abdominal conductance are inversely proportional to their respective weights. 6. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that thoracic temperature is controlled by regulation of heat loss. However, a heat budget derived from these data suggests that heat dissipation may not be sufficient to offset the decrease in passive cooling of the thorax at high ambient temperatures.

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