scholarly journals Interspecific variation in hypoxia tolerance, swimming performance and plasticity in cyprinids that prefer different habitats

2013 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-J. Fu ◽  
C. Fu ◽  
G.-J. Yan ◽  
Z.-D. Cao ◽  
A.-J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Hypoxia Tolerance

scholarly journals Interspecific variation in hypoxia tolerance and hypoxia acclimation responses in killifish from the family Fundulidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (4) ◽  
pp. jeb209692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittney G. Borowiec ◽  
Ryan D. Hoffman ◽  
Chelsea D. Hess ◽  
Fernando Galvez ◽  
Graham R. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Hypoxia Tolerance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hypoxia Acclimation

The Effects of the sphragis on male and female genitalia in Acraea (Nymphalidae) butterflies

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L Summers ◽  
Akito Y Kawahara ◽  
Ana P. S. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Storage Organ ◽  
Mating Plug ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution

Male mating plugs have been used in many species to prevent female re-mating and sperm competition. One of the most extreme examples of a mating plug is the sphragis, which is a large, complex and externalized plug found only in butterflies. This structure is found in many species in the genus Acraea (Nymphalidae) and provides an opportunity for investigation of the effects of the sphragis on the morphology of the genitalia, which is poorly understood. This study aims to understand morphological interspecific variation in the genitalia of Acraea butterflies. Using specimens from museum collections, abdomen dissections were conducted on 19 species of Acraea: 9 sphragis bearing and 10 non-sphragis bearing species. Genitalia imaging was performed for easier comparison and analysis and measurements of genitalia structures was done using ImageJ software. Some distinguishing morphological features in the females were found. The most obvious difference is the larger and more externalized copulatory opening in sphragis bearing species, with varying degrees of external projections. Females of the sphragis bearing species also tend to have a shorter ductus (the structure that connects the copulatory opening with the sperm storage organ) than those without the sphragis. These differences may be due to a sexually antagonistic coevolution between the males and females, where the females evolve larger and more difficult to plug copulatory openings and the males attempt to prevent re-mating with the sphragis.

Interspecific variation of zona pellucida glycoconjugates in several species of marsupial

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Chapman ◽  
OW Wiebkin ◽  
WG Breed
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Lectin Histochemistry ◽  
Sialic Acids ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Marsupial Species ◽  
Similar Intensity

The zona pellucida glycoconjugate content of several marsupial species was investigated using differential lectin histochemistry. Ovaries from fat-tailed dunnarts, a southern brown bandicoot, grey short-tailed opossums, brushtail possums, ringtail possums, koalas and eastern grey kangaroos were fixed, embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned and stained with ten fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated lectins. Sections were also incubated with either neuraminidase or saponified, respectively, before incubation with the lectins to identify saccharide residues masked by sialic acids or O-acetyl groups on sialic acids. The zonae pellucidae surrounding the oocytes of the marsupials demonstrated interspecific variation in glycoconjugate content, with mannose-containing glycoconjugates exhibiting the greatest variation. Some of the zona pellucida glycoconjugates of all species, except those of the opossums, were masked by sialic acid with an increase in fluorescence with lectins from Arachis hypogea (PNA), and Glycine max (SBA), after desialylation. The disaccharide beta-galactose(1-4)N-acetyl-D-glucosamine appeared to be conformationally masked by O-acetyl groups of sialic acids in the zonae pellucidae of all species, with an increase in fluorescence with the lectin from Erythrina cristagalli (ECA), after saponification. Similar intensity and localization of beta-(1-4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, as shown by staining of the lectin from Triticum vulgaris (WGA), to the inner and outer regions of the zona pellucida, were found to those reported in eutherian species. WGA fluorescence became uniform throughout the zonae pellucidae after saponification, indicating differential O-acetylation of sialic acids on the internal compartment of the zonae pellucidae.

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