scholarly journals Stylar peroxidase and incompatibility reactions in Petunia hybrida

1986 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
L. Carraro ◽  
G. Lombardo ◽  
F.M. Gerola
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Outer Portion ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

Self-, cross- and non-pollinated styles of Petunia hybrida were treated with 3–3′-diaminobenzidine for the ultrastructural localization of peroxidase activity. Wall peroxidases were absent in cross-pollinated styles, but they were detectable as an osmiophilic deposit on the cell walls of the outer portion of the transmitting tissue in self- and non-pollinated styles. The cell layer showing peroxidase activity was thicker in the self-pollinated styles than in the non-pollinated ones. In accordance with current hypotheses on the mechanism involved in pollen incompatibility process, it is suggested: that wall peroxidases present in the cells of the outer portion of the transmitting tissue are involved in the gametophytic self-incompatibility of Petunia; that self-pollination causes an increase in the number of cells involved in the rejection process; that non-pollinated styles, which are characterized by the presence of cell wall peroxidases in the outer portion of the transmitting tissue, are ‘prepared’ to a certain extent for the rejection of incompatible pollen tubes. The removal of peroxidase activity thus seems to be an important step in the compatible pollination process.

Pseudo-self-compatibility in Ultraviolet-irradiated Plants of Primula Acaulis (‘pin’ morph)

1990 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-665
Author(s):  
LUISA CARRARO ◽  
P. D. GEROLA ◽  
GIULIANA LOMBARDO ◽  
F. M. GEROLA
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Central Portion ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Rejection Mechanism ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Apoplastic Peroxidase ◽  
Incompatible Pollen Tube

Apoplastic peroxidase distribution in transmitting tissue of the stylar ‘neck’ was investigated using the DAB cytochemical reaction applied to electron microscopy in non-, self- and cross-pollinated pistils of Primula acaulis (‘pin’ morph) exposed or not to ultraviolet (u.v.) irradiation. In non-irradiated flowers, apoplastic peroxidase activity, which is present in non-pollinated pistils, is increased by self-pollination, whereas cross-pollination causes its disappearance from the central portion of the transmitting tissue. Apoplastic peroxidases localized in the central portion of the transmitting tissue are supposed to play a role in the predisposition of the pistil to reject incompatible pollen tubes and in the rejection mechanism itself. Pistil irradiation with u.v., which induces pseudo-self-compatibility, modified the aforementioned apoplastic peroxidase distribution. Shortly after u.v. irradiation of nonpollinated styles, apoplastic peroxidase activity was absent from the central portion of the transmitting tissue; some hours later peroxidase activity was restored, and 40 h after treatment, the ‘normal’ peroxidase distribution was observed. Our data suggest an u.v.-induced temporary removal of the ‘predisposition for incompatible pollen tube rejection. Moreover, soon after irradiation, the usually observed peroxidase production due to self-pollination was inhibited. Pseudo-self-compatibility, observed when self-pollination was carried out immediately after u.v. irradiation, was due to incompatible pollen tube elongation in a transmitting tissue devoid of apoplastic peroxidases and hindered in the rejection mechanism. However, pseudo-self-compatible pollen tube growth was not accompanied by the dramatic changes in transmitting tissue ultrastructure observed after compatible cross-pollination. The data indicate that, even if incompatible pollen tubes are not ‘rejected’, they are still ‘recognized’ and hindered in their absorption of cellular reserves from the transmitting tissue.

The formation of the tryphine coating the pollen grains of Raphanus , and its properties relating to the self-incompatibility system

1973 ◽  
Vol 184 (1075) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Pollen Maturation ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Incompatibility System ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Incompatible Pollen Tube

The tryphine that coats the pollen grains of Raphanus is tapetally synthesized and is composed of a fibro-granular and a lipidic component. The fibro-granular material is proteinaceous and is secreted by cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum. The lipidic component is derived, mainly, from degraded elaioplasts. The fibro-granular material is applied to the pollen exine first, followed by the lipidic mass. The tryphine condenses during the final stages of pollen maturation and dries down to form a thick, highly viscous coating. The major part of the condensation appears to result from dehydration. The tryphine, extracted from the pollen by a centrifugal method and mounted in a membrane, appears to be capable of penetrating the outer layers of a stigma of the same species and, if the pollen from which it was derived is incompatible with respect to the stigma, the stimulation of the production of the callosic reaction body in a manner similar to an incompatible pollen tube. It is proposed that, in Raphanus , substances responsible for the initiation of at least two stages in the self-incompatibility system are held in the tryphine.

scholarly journals Effect of CO2 on Self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida

1975 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidejiro TAKAHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Self Incompatibility

Ultrastructural Aspects of the Self-Incompatibility Mechanism in Lycopersicum Peruvianum Mill

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. DE NETTANCOURT ◽  
M. DEVREUX ◽  
A. BOZZINI ◽  
M. CRESTI ◽  
E. PACINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Weak Reaction ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Compatible Pollen

The experimental results obtained show that the tip of the incompatible pollen tube bursts open after the outer-wall has considerably expanded in the intercellular spaces of the conducting tissue and the inner-wall has disappeared and numerous particles have accumulated in the tube cytoplasm. These particles, which measure approximately 0.2 µm in diameter and give a weak reaction to the test of Thiéry, differ in many respects from the vesicles normally present in compatible pollen tubes growing through the style; they appear to resemble, in some cases, the spheres which are discharged by the compatible pollen tubes after they have reached the embryo-sac. It is considered that these observations support the current belief that the tube wall is the site of action for the incompatibility proteins and suggest that self-incompatibility is not a passive process resulting from lack of growth stimulation but an active event which leads to the destruction of the incompatible pollen tubes. The degradation mechanism involved appears similar to the one which enables the compatible pollen tube to release its contents in the degenerated synergid and presents some analogies with the lytic process taking place in virus-infected cells. The general hypothesis is presented that the particles observed in the cytoplasm of self-incompatible pollen tubes consist of a mixture of incompatibility proteins and of basic constituents of the tube wall.

Localisation structurale et ultrastructurale d'activités peroxydasiques dans les parois du mésophylle et des fibres en cours de lignification chez l'alfa (Stipa tenacissima)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2644-2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Harche
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Primary Wall ◽  
Stipa Tenacissima ◽  
Parenchyma Cells

Using diaminobenzidine as substrate, peroxidase activity was localized in the walls of parenchyma cells and differentiating fibres. In mature fibres and parenchyma a slight activity could be recognized in primary walls only. In parenchyma cells, peroxidase activity was fairly inhibited with heat, potassium cyanide, and aminotriazole, which could indicate the presence of catalase within the cell walls. However, in plasmodesmatal regions peroxidases were- resistant to the above inhibitors. Syringaldazine oxidase activity was present only in the primary wall and the outer part of the secondary wall of differentiating fibres. The parallelism between lignification and peroxidase activity in the secondary walls supports the hypothesis of the involvement of these enzymes in the lignification process.

Self-incompatibility recognition in Petunia hybrida

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Shivanna ◽  
Neelam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Self Incompatibility

Comparison between tracheary element lignin formation and extracellular lignin-like substance formation during the culture of isolated Zinnia elegans mesophyll cells

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Sato ◽  
Youko Yajima ◽  
Naohito Tokunaga ◽  
Ross Whetten
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Isolated Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lignin Deposition

AbstractLignin is synthesized not only during morphogenesis of vascular plants but also in response to various stresses. Isolated Zinnia elegans mesophyll cells can differentiate into tracheary elements (TEs), and deposit lignin into cell walls in TE-inductive medium (D medium). Meanwhile isolated mesophyll cells cultured in hormone-free medium (Co medium) accumulate stress lignin-like substance during culture. Therefore this culture system is suitable for study of lignin and lignin-like substance formation.In D medium lignin was deposited in TEs, but in Co medium, extracellular lignin-like substance accumulated. Analysis of the culture media indicated the presence of dilignols in D culture, but not in Co culture. To investigate the fate of lignin precursors, we added coniferyl alcohol (CA) in each culture. In Co medium, CA was polymerized into dilignols rapidly but they were present only temporarily, and in D medium CA was polymerized into dilignols relatively slowly but their content increased continually.Meanwhile, in Co culture, peroxidase activity in the medium was much higher than the peroxidase activity bound ionically to the cell walls. In D culture, ionically bound peroxidase activity was higher than that in the medium. These results may suggest that lignin deposition in TEs is related to ionically bound peroxidases in D culture, and lignin-like substance deposition in the medium is related to peroxidases in the medium in Co culture.

Purification and N-terminal sequencing of style glycoproteins associated with self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim J. Broothaerts ◽  
André van Laere ◽  
Raf Witters ◽  
Gisèle Préaux ◽  
Benny Decock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Self Incompatibility
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document