Microtubules in root hairs

1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Traas ◽  
P. Braat ◽  
A.M. Emons ◽  
H. Meekes ◽  
J. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Cortical Microtubules ◽  
Cell Morphogenesis ◽  
Equisetum Hyemale ◽  
Ceratopteris Thalictroides ◽  
Cell Wall Deposition

The microtubules of root hairs of Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum, Equisetum hyemale, Limnobium stoloniferum, Ceratopteris thalictroides, Allium sativum and Urtica dioica were investigated using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Arrays of cortical microtubules were observed in all hairs. The microtubules in the hairs show net axial orientations, but in Allium and Urtica helical microtubule patterns are also present. Numerical parameters of microtubules in Raphanus, Equisetum and Limnobium were determined from dry-cleave preparations. The results are discussed with respect to cell wall deposition and cell morphogenesis.

scholarly journals CLASP localizes in two discrete patterns on cortical microtubules and is required for cell morphogenesis and cell division in Arabidopsis

2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (24) ◽  
pp. 4416-4425 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kirik ◽  
U. Herrmann ◽  
C. Parupalli ◽  
J. C. Sedbrook ◽  
D. W. Ehrhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cortical Microtubules ◽  
Cell Morphogenesis

scholarly journals Malate content of picoliter samples of Raphanus sativus cytoplasm.

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Bodson ◽  
W H Outlaw ◽  
S H Silvers
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Individual Root

Malate, which plays many essential roles in plant metabolism, is a potent in vitro inhibitor of the cytosolic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). Because PEPC activity leads to malate biosynthesis, malate is assumed to attenuate its own synthesis in situ. To test this hypothesis, we measured directly the malate content of picoliter samples of Raphanus root-hair cytoplasm using quantitative histochemical techniques. We also obtained an estimate for malate accumulation in these cells. These values were compared with the PEPC activity of individual root hairs (less than 2 ng). The results indicate that high cytoplasmic malate concentration does not severely inhibit PEPC in situ. We suggest that the focus for studies on the regulation of organic anion accumulation be on the interactive effects of malate and other PEPC effectors.

scholarly journals EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Water Treatments

EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF THREE PLANTS EXTRACTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) IN PERÚ Hildebrando Ayala & Rafael La Rosa DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2007.0007/ RESUMEN El uso de plantas con actividad alelopática en la actualidad resulta de gran importancia  porque nos permite el desarrollo de una agricultura rentable y no contaminante del medio ambiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la acción de extractos acuosos de ajo (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), palta (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) y ruda (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) sobre el desarrollo de la hortaliza rabanito (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). Los extractos se prepararon a partir de bulbos de A. sativum, semilla de P. americana y hojas y flores de R. graveolens a los cuales triturados se le adiciona agua hervida. Los tratamientos fueron extractos puros al (20% p/v). El diseño fue completamente aleatorizado con 4 repeticiones. Se determino peso fresco (g), peso seco (g), longitud de raíz (cm), longitud área (cm) y área foliar(cm2). Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA y Test de Tukey para la comparación de medias. Los resultados alcanzados muestran de que no existe efectos significativos en comparación con el control, del potencial alelopático de los extractos acuosos evaluados bajo condiciones controladas. Palabras claves: Extractos acuosos, semillas, hojas, flores, bulbos, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens. ABSTRACT The use of plants with allelopathic activity nowadays is very important because it allows us to develop a profitable agriculture and non-polluting the environment. The objective of this work was to study the action of aqueous extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), avocado (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) and rough (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) on the development of vegetable radish (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). The extracts were prepared from A. sativum bulbs, P. americana seeds and R. graveolens leaves and flowers to which he adds crushed boiled water. Treatments were the pure extracts (20% w / v). The design was completely randomized with 4 repetitions. It was found fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), root length (cm) long area (cm) and leaf area (cm2 ). The data was analyzed with Anova and Tukey test for the comparison of averages. The results show that there is no significant effects compared to the control of allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts tested under controlled conditions. Keywords: Aqueous extracts, seed, leaves, flowers, bulbs, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens.

scholarly journals Auxin like en humus líquido

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio García Martínez ◽  
Sergio Castro-Barrales ◽  
Alfonso Totosaus-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Ft Ir

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de muestras de humus líquido (HL) en el porcentaje, índice y velocidad de germinación de Lepidium sativum, Medicago sativa y Raphanus sativus. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se evaluó el efecto de muestras de humus líquido (HL), que se obtuvo a partir del extracto acuoso de una vermicomposta comercial. Se realizó un diseño completamente al azar empleando diferentes gradientes de concentración HL:agua (1 a 10-4 mg mL-1) y se comparó con el efecto de un gradiente de concentración de 10-10 a 10-2 mol L-1 de ácido indolacético (AIA). Se realizó un análisis de espectroscopia de infrarrojo a las muestras de HL y AIA, para la identificación de compuestoy/o estructuras moleculares similares entre ambas muestras. Resultados: Las semillas menos sensibles a los compuestos bioactivos presentes en la muestra de HL son M. sativa al presentar menor inhibición en todos los tratamientos, siendo más sensibles las semillas de L. sativum y R. sativus. Los tratamientos TC, TD y TE correspondientes a los extractos de HL mostraron tener  ctividad biológica similar a los tratamientos T06, T07 y T08 del AIA, siendo el índice de germinación el principal bioensayo en donde se observa esta respuesta. El análisis de FT-IR del extracto de HL mostró semejanza al ser comparado con el espectro de AIA, encontrándose similitudes en las bandas correspondientes al grupo indol, que es el grupo funcional base del AIA. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Se recomienda realizar en una segunda etapa de investigación que incluya la extracción de compuestos indólicos a muestras de HL y su posterior purificación eidentificación, mediante técnicas espectroscópicas Hallazgos/conclusiones: Los efectos estimulantes e inhibitorios de la germinación se deben a la presencia de compuestos bioactivos con actividad biológica similar a los reguladores del crecimiento vegetal, por ello se analizaron las muestras de HL, empleando un equipo de espectroscopia de infrarrojo, encontrándose señales de compuestos con grupos funcionales similares al AIA. Esto nos permite dejar abierta la posibilidad a la presencia de AIA y buscar la caracterización del extracto de HL empleando técnicas de purificación e identificación como la espectrometría de masas.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition and Antigermination Activity of Artemisia Dracunculus (Tarragon)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Donata Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Artemisia Dracunculus ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

The chemical composition of an Italian oil of tarragon ( Artemisia dracunculus L.) was analyzed by GC/EIMS. The major compound of the oil was estragole (73.3%), followed by limonene (5.4%), ( E)-β-ocimene (5.3%), β-pinene (3.4%) and ( Z)-β-ocimene (3.0%). The essential oil was tested “ in vitro” for its antigermination activity against Raphanus sativus L., Lepidium sativum L, Papaver rhoeas L. and Avena fatua L. seeds and demonstrating a good inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent way.

Helicoidal microfibril deposition in a tip-growing cell and microtubule alignment during tip morphogenesis: a dry-cleaving and freeze-substitution study

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2401-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mie C. Emons
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Microfibril Orientation ◽  
Growing Cell ◽  
Equisetum Hyemale ◽  
Dry Cleaving

Cell wall microfibril alignment in the tubular portion of Equisetum hyemale root hairs is helicoidal. Lamellae of helicoidal texture are deposited from tip to base; thus, different microfibril orientations are aligned with the plasma membrane successively. Zones with constant mean microfibril orientation are about 300 μm long. In any such zone of dry-cleaned, shadowed preparations, the frequency of microfibrils at the proximal end is 5 to 7 microfibrils per micrometre, which decreases to 0 at the distal end. The orientation of microfibrils of the underlying lamella, the microfibril frequency of which is 5 to 7/μm throughout, is the same as the microfibril orientation of the neighbouring distal lamella. Microfibrils of the cell wall are randomly oriented in the hair dome. Microtubule alignment in these root hairs was examined by means of freeze substitution. In the extreme tip of the root hair, microtubules run parallel to the plasma membrane and transverse to the long axis of the hair; the hemisphere of the hair contains randomly oriented microtubules. From extreme tip to base of the hair dome, microtubules become more and more axially aligned, and remain axially oriented in the hair tube. Further down the hair, where microfibril alignment is transverse and microfibrils are actively being deposited, microtubules still run in the axial direction. The observations emphasize the involvement of microtubles in root hair tip morphogenesis, but not in determining the alignment of the microfibrils in the hair tube.

Plasma-membrane rosettes in root hairs of Equisetum hyemale

Planta ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mie C. Emons
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Equisetum Hyemale
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