scholarly journals Structural responses of amoebae to the injection of heterologous cytoplasm

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
C.J. Flickinger ◽  
G.A. Read ◽  
E.M. Kabana
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuoles ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Structural Responses ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Reaction ◽  
General Appearance

Responses to the introduction of heterologous cytoplasm and the fate of foreign organelles were investigated in amoebae. Heterologous cytoplasm was transferred by microinjection from Pelomyxa carolinensis to Amoeba discoides. In control experiments, homologous cytoplasm was transferred from one A. discoides to another. Recipient cells were observed by light microscopy, and samples were prepared for ultrastructural study at intervals between 15 min nad 3 days after operation. Recipients of heterologous cytoplasm showed two main responses. First, about 40% recipients expelled small amounts of cytoplasm by a blebbing process within 30 min after injection. Second, organelles were segregated and broken down in membrane-bounded cytoplasmic vacuoles between 6 h and 2 days after operation. Acid phosphatase reaction product was observed in these vacuoles along with altered organelles. Use of electron-dense thoria particles to mark donor cells demonstrated the presence of injected cytoplasm in the vacuoles. In contrast, when amoebae were injected with homologous cytoplasm, none was expelled and vacuoles containing degenerating organelles were uncommon. The survival rate and general appearance of recipients of heterologous cytoplasm were much poorer than those of homologous recipients, and most of the former died by I week after operation. It is postulated that amoeba are capable of recognizing heterologous organelles introduced into the cytoplasm and that they respond by expulsion and/or destruction of the foreign cellular components. The previously described lethal effect of heterologous cytoplasm was confirmed.

scholarly journals The Localization of Acid Phosphatase in the Sieve Element of Pisum

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
S-Y Zee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Sieve Tube ◽  
Sieve Element ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Reaction

Acid phosphatase activity has been detected within the sieve-tube members of plants by many workers using the Gomori technique and light microscopy (Lester and Evert 1965; Flinn and Smith 1967). Unfortunately the limited resolution makes it difficult to determine the specific sites of activity of the reaction product of the enzyme; recent advances in histochemical techniques for electron microscopy have made it possible to investigate more specifically the sites of localization of the acid phosphatase reaction product by using the Gomori lead nitrate technique (Goldfischer, Essner, and Novikoff 1964; Catesson and Czanenski 1967; Bowen 1968; Figier 1968; Wardrop 1968).

Solving the mechanisms responsible for organelle behavior in vivo by same-cell correlative light and electron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Conly L. Rieder
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Living Cell ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
Cellular Components

The behavior of many cellular components, and their dynamic interactions, can be characterized in the living cell with considerable spatial and temporal resolution by video-enhanced light microscopy (video-LM). Indeed, under the appropriate conditions video-LM can be used to determine the real-time behavior of organelles ≤ 25-nm in diameter (e.g., individual microtubules—see). However, when pushed to its limit the structures and components observed within the cell by video-LM cannot be resolved nor necessarily even identified, only detected. Positive identification and a quantitative analysis often requires the corresponding electron microcopy (EM).

scholarly journals IV. Effect of 60Co gamma rays on survival rate of China aster plants (Callistephus chinensis Nees) in M1 generations - under field conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
A. Wosińska
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Variety Effect ◽  
China Aster ◽  
Different Doses

Studies were undertaken on the effect of different doses of gamma radiation on survival rate of plants (germinated from irradiated seeds) for 5 China aster varieties specified at florescence time. During their growth under field conditions (from planting time to blooming) lethal effect of the radiation occurred in plants of all varieties and its level depended on dose and variety. Effect of 3 kR and 6 kR doses differed depending on variety and was not always harmful, but following irradiation with doses exceeding 6 kR a considerable decrease in survival rate was observed. Radioresistance of studied varieties - measured both: by LD<sub>50</sub> and LD<sub>l00</sub> - differed; depending on variety, LD<sub>50 </sub>and LD<sub>l00</sub> values fluctuated: from 6 to 9 kR and 12 to 15 kR respectively.

scholarly journals Arrested apoptosis without nuclear fragmentation produced by efferent duct ligation in round spermatids and multinucleated giant cells of rat testis

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Anton
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Nuclear Fragmentation ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Reaction

The apoptotic process evoked by efferent duct ligation in the testes of adult rats was followed for 10 days by differential staining for haematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and a modified trichrome technique in optical microscopy and by ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase. Round spermatids showed the first effects of efferent duct ligation. At day 3 after ligation, annular clumps of chromatin with typical apoptotic characteristics appeared against the nuclear membrane of these cells. Afterwards, membranous structures and a wide separation between the two layers of the nuclear membrane were observed but nuclear fragmentation did not occur and apoptotic granules were not seen. Cytoplasmic components were also altered, and severely damaged organoids and empty vacuoles lacking acid phosphatase reaction were frequently seen. On day 2 after efferent duct ligation, multinucleated giant cells appeared, which displayed similar characteristics as spermatids and showed no acid phosphatase reaction. Although abnormal spermatids and multinucleated giant cells were surrounded by the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells, neither lysosomal acid phosphatase nor phagocytic activity was detected. It is concluded that efferent duct ligation specifically affects round immature spermatids eliciting a partial nuclear apoptotic response that is not accompanied by autophagic or heterophagic activity and without lysosomal participation in Sertoli cells.

Quantitative X-ray microanalysis of spleen lysosomes after acid phosphatase reaction

1982 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491
Author(s):  
G. M. Roomans ◽  
R. Wróblewski
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Reaction

scholarly journals HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF A FLUORIDE RESISTANT ACID PHOSPHATASE REACTION IN THE MOUSE DUODENUM

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT C. BURT ◽  
BARBARA R. MEREDITH ◽  
ROBERT C. GRAUER
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Reaction

scholarly journals Effect of ivermectin on the life cycle and larval fat body of Culex quinquefasciatus

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stenio Nunes Alves ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
Giovani Mocelin ◽  
Alan Lane de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Study Results

The present work investigated the behavior, survival rate and lethal effect of 1.5 ppb ivermectin on Culex quinquefasciatus larvae, based on morphological and biological parameters, and possible alterations of their fat body. Changes in the number of eggs/egg mass and length of the larval stage were investigated. For this experiment, 600 larvae of 3rd and 4th instars of the mosquito were tested. The laid eggs were separated and the hatched larvae were counted. Some larvae submitted to 1.5 ppb ivermectin solution were used to prepare samples for histological study. Results obtained showed that ivermectin in a concentration of 1.5 ppb caused paralysis to the larvae with a mortality rate of 73.38%, mobilization of substances stored in the fat body and reduction of the number of egg laid in the adult stage.

Cloned horse pregnancies produced using adult cumulus cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk K. Vanderwall ◽  
Gordon L. Woods ◽  
Kenneth I. Aston ◽  
Thomas D. Bunch ◽  
Guanpeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Follicle Aspiration

The objectives of the present study were to: (1) clone horses using adult cumulus cells; and (2) determine whether the cumulus cell donor affected the outcome. In vivo-matured cumulus–oocyte complexes were obtained using transvaginal ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration; oocytes were used as cytoplasts, whereas cumulus cells (from one of three different mares) were used as donor cells. Immediately following nuclear transfer and activation procedures, cloned embryos were transferred surgically to the oviduct of recipient mares (n = 2–5 embryos per recipient) that had ovulated within 24 h prior to the transfer. An initial pregnancy examination was performed between Days 14 and 16 (Day 0 = surgery); subsequent examinations were then performed every 7–10 days. A total of 136 follicles were aspirated in 96 mares, from which 72 oocytes were recovered (53%). Sixty-two cloned embryos were transferred to recipient mares, which resulted in seven (11.3%) ultrasonographically detectable conceptuses between Days 14 and 16. All seven conceptuses were lost spontaneously between Days 16 and 80. Cumulus cells from Mare 160 tended (P = 0.08) to result in a higher embryo survival rate than cumulus cells from Mare 221 (4/17 v. 1/25 respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first report documenting the establishment of cloned equine pregnancies derived from adult cumulus cells.

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