Electrically tunable lenses – eliminating mechanical axial movements during high-speed 3D live imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoforos Efstathiou ◽  
Viji M. Draviam
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Liquid Lenses ◽  
Live Cell Microscopy ◽  
Tunable Lenses ◽  
Cell Microscopy

ABSTRACT The successful investigation of photosensitive and dynamic biological events, such as those in a proliferating tissue or a dividing cell, requires non-intervening high-speed imaging techniques. Electrically tunable lenses (ETLs) are liquid lenses possessing shape-changing capabilities that enable rapid axial shifts of the focal plane, in turn achieving acquisition speeds within the millisecond regime. These human-eye-inspired liquid lenses can enable fast focusing and have been applied in a variety of cell biology studies. Here, we review the history, opportunities and challenges underpinning the use of cost-effective high-speed ETLs. Although other, more expensive solutions for three-dimensional imaging in the millisecond regime are available, ETLs continue to be a powerful, yet inexpensive, contender for live-cell microscopy.

High Speed Imaging Techniques For Pulse Nuclear Radiation Source

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Kuilu ◽  
Lu Ming ◽  
Liu Cunfu ◽  
Kang Dechun
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Source ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
High Speed Imaging

Cost-Effective High-Speed, Three-Dimensional Live-Cell Imaging of HIV-1 Transfer at the T Cell Virological Synapse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Sandmeyer ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Wolfgang Hübner ◽  
Marcel Müller ◽  
Benjamin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Virological Synapse ◽  
Hiv 1

Special high speed imaging techniques using phase, aperture, and polarization effects

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zhao ◽  
Daniel C. Skaloud ◽  
Sascha Kutz ◽  
Hendrik Rothe ◽  
Cornelius F. Hahlweg
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Polarization Effects

High‐speed imaging techniques for harpsichord plucking action.

2010 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 1733-1733
Author(s):  
Marshall J. Brown ◽  
C.‐Y. Jack Perng ◽  
Thomas D. Rossing ◽  
Juliette W. Ioup
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
High Speed Imaging

Three-dimensional flow structure and string cavitation in a fuel injector and their effects on discharged liquid jet

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubby Prasetya ◽  
Akira Sou ◽  
Junichi Oki ◽  
Akira Nakashima ◽  
Keiya Nishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vortex Ring ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry

Two kinds of cavitation may occur in mini-sac type diesel injectors. The first is geometrical cavitation, which can usually be seen as a film-like structure in the nozzle. The second is the filament-like string cavitation. Both types of cavitation are known to affect fuel spray characteristics, although the effects of geometrical cavitation and that of string cavitation have not been individually clarified. Moreover, the mechanism behind string cavitation occurrence is still unclear. String cavitation usually occurs at low needle lift, which might indicate the existence of a vortex ring flow in the sac. However, because of the difficulty in precise flow measurement of the three-dimensional flow structure in the sac, the link between vortex ring flow and string cavitation occurrence in the sac has not been proven. In this study, high-speed imaging of string cavitation, geometrical cavitation, and discharged liquid jet of an enlarged three-hole mini-sac diesel fuel injector was conducted to individually clarify the effects of string cavitation and geometrical cavitation on the discharged liquid jet angle. Furthermore, tomographic–stereo particle image velocimetry was carried out on the sac. The experiments were conducted at two different needle lifts, to clarify the link between needle lifts and flow structure in the sac, as well as how it affects string cavitation occurrence and liquid jet angle. The results confirmed that at low needle lift, vortex ring flow forms in the sac, which may induce helical flow in the nozzle, resulting in a large jet angle. Vortex strength varies with time, and string cavitation occurs when the vortex is particularly strong. As a result, the magnitude of the jet angle increase at low needle lift is enhanced when string cavitation occurs. At high needle lift, flow pattern in the sac becomes relatively uniform, which makes it harder for string cavitation to form.

scholarly journals Laser-induced forward transfer of viscoplastic fluids

2019 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziyar Jalaal ◽  
Martin Klein Schaarsberg ◽  
Claas-Willem Visser ◽  
Detlef Lohse
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Forward Transfer ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a nozzle-free printing technology that can be used for two- and three-dimensional printing. In LIFT, a laser pulse creates an impulse inside a thin film of material that results in the formation of a liquid jet. We experimentally study LIFT of viscoplastic materials by visualizing the process of jetting with high-speed imaging. The shape of the jet depends on the laser energy, focal height, surface tension and material rheology. We theoretically identify the characteristic jetting velocity and how it depends on the control parameters, and define non-dimensional groups to classify the regimes of jetting. Based on the results, we propose the optimal conditions for printing with LIFT technology.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional flow and lift characteristics of a hovering ruby-throated hummingbird

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (98) ◽  
pp. 20140541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialei Song ◽  
Haoxiang Luo ◽  
Tyson L. Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Wake Interaction

A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation is performed for a ruby-throated hummingbird ( Archilochus colubris ) in hovering flight. Realistic wing kinematics are adopted in the numerical model by reconstructing the wing motion from high-speed imaging data of the bird. Lift history and the three-dimensional flow pattern around the wing in full stroke cycles are captured in the simulation. Significant asymmetry is observed for lift production within a stroke cycle. In particular, the downstroke generates about 2.5 times as much vertical force as the upstroke, a result that confirms the estimate based on the measurement of the circulation in a previous experimental study. Associated with lift production is the similar power imbalance between the two half strokes. Further analysis shows that in addition to the angle of attack, wing velocity and surface area, drag-based force and wing–wake interaction also contribute significantly to the lift asymmetry. Though the wing–wake interaction could be beneficial for lift enhancement, the isolated stroke simulation shows that this benefit is buried by other opposing effects, e.g. presence of downwash. The leading-edge vortex is stable during the downstroke but may shed during the upstroke. Finally, the full-body simulation result shows that the effects of wing–wing interaction and wing–body interaction are small.

Optical imaging techniques for hypersonic impulse facilities

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (1115) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. McIntyre ◽  
H. Kleine ◽  
A. F. P. Houwing
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Flow Visualisation ◽  
Complex Flows ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Planar Laser ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract The application of optical imaging techniques to hypersonic facilities is discussed and examples of experimental measurements are provided. Traditional Schlieren and shadowgraph techniques still remain as inexpensive and easy to use flow visualisation techniques. With the advent of faster cameras, these methods are becoming increasingly important for time-resolved high-speed imaging. Interferometry’s quantitative nature is regularly used to obtain density information about hypersonic flows. Recent developments have seen an extension of the types of flows that can be imaged and the measurement of other flow parameters such as ionisation level. Planar laser induced fluorescence has been used to visualise complex flows and to measure such quantities as temperature and velocity. Future directions for optical imaging are discussed.

Investigation of Auto-Ignition of a Pulsed Methane Jet in Vitiated Air Using High-Speed Imaging Techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Meier ◽  
I. Boxx ◽  
C. Arndt ◽  
M. Gamba ◽  
N. Clemens
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Experimental Arrangement ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Flow Field Characteristics

An experimental arrangement for the investigation of auto-ignition of a pulsed CH4 jet in a coflow of hot exhaust gas from a laminar lean premixed H2/air flame at atmospheric pressure is presented. The ignition events were captured by high-speed imaging of the OH∗ chemiluminescence associated with the igniting flame kernels at a frame rate of 5 kHz. The flow-field characteristics were determined by high-speed particle image velocimetry and Schlieren images. Furthermore, high-speed imaging of laser-induced fluorescence of OH was applied to visualize the exhaust gas flow and the ignition events. Auto-ignition was observed to occur at the periphery of the CH4 jet with high reproducibility in different runs concerning time and location. In each measurement run, several hundred consecutive single shot images were recorded from which sample images are presented. The main goals of the study are the presentation of the experimental arrangement and the high-speed measuring systems and a characterization of the auto-ignition events occurring in this system.

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