Behaviour of mouse primordial germ cells in the chick embryo

Development ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Teresa Rogulska ◽  
Wacław Ożdżeński ◽  
Aldona Komar
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Histochemical Technique ◽  
Coelomic Cavity ◽  
Hind Gut ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Host Tissues

Hind guts of 9½-day mouse embryos were transplanted into the posterior part of the coelomic cavity of 2½-day chick embryos. The hosts were sacrificed after 1-7 days and the mouse primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the graft and in the surrounding host tissues were searched for by means of the histochemical technique for alkaline phosphatase. Altogether 94 grafts were examined. During the first 3 days of intracoelomic development of the graft accumulations of mouse PGCs close to the mesonephros, the mesentery or the gonad of a chick embryo were observed in 26 out of 51 cases. In 12 grafts single PGCs crossed the boundary between the host and the graft and settled in host tissues such as the mesonephros, the mesentery or the gonad. After 3 days mouse PGCs are no longer visible in the chick tissues. However, the number of PGCs in the grafts also gradually decreases and from the 4th day onwards many of the grafts contain no PGCs. The ability of mouse PGCs to survive extragonadally, even in the embryonic hind gut, is thus limited. In some of the 4- to 7-day-old grafts PGCs occur on the periphery of the graft in the form of single aggregations. From the 6th day the only PGCs which survive are those in aggregations. The experiments indicate that the gonads, together with adjacent tissues (mesonephros, mesentery) of a chick embryo are attractive to mouse primordial germ cells and that the hypothetical attractive substance is not species specific.

Fate of primordial germ cells in the transplanted hind gut of mouse embryos

Development ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Wacław Ożdżeński
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Hind Gut

During normal development of the mouse embryo, primordial germ cells (PGCs) differentiate in the root of the allantois and in the hind region of the embryo, then pass to the hind gut and through the mesentery to reach the germinal ridges (Chiquoine, 1954; Bennett, 1956; Mintz & Russell, 1957; Mintz, 1957; Ożdżeński, 1967). The number of PGCs increases greatly during migration (Chiquoine, 1954; Mintz & Russell, 1957). After penetrating into the gonads PGCs continue to divide mitotically for a certain time, then undergo changes which differ in each sex: the meiotic prophase begins in the ovaries (Brambell, 1927; Borum, 1961), gonial divisions are arrested in the testes and the chromatin in the nuclei of the germ cells undergoes characteristic dispersion. The behaviour of germ cells in the male embryos of the mouse is similar to that described by Clermont & Perey (1957) and Beaumont & Mandl (1963) in the rat.

Effects of HSP90 inhibition on primordial germ cells migration: A study in the gonad of the chick embryo

Morphologie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (347) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
M. Lejong ◽  
M. Choa-Duterre ◽  
N. Vanmuylder ◽  
S. Louryan
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Hsp90 Inhibition

Primordial germ cells in normal and transected duck blastoderms

Development ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
Teresa Rogulska
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Suggestive Evidence ◽  
Area Pellucida

Suggestive evidence for the extragonadal origin of germ cells in birds was first presented by Swift (1914), who described primordial germ cells in the chick embryo at as early a stage as the primitive streak. According to Swift, primordial germ cells are originally located extra-embryonically in the anterior part of the blastoderm and occupy a crescent-shaped region (‘germinal crescent’) on the boundary between area opaca and area pellucida. Swift also found that primordial germ cells later enter into the blood vessels, circulate together with the blood throughout the whole blastoderm and finally penetrate into the genital ridges, where they become definitive germ cells. Swift's views have been confirmed in numerous descriptive and experimental investigations. Among the latter, the publications of Willier (1937), Simon (1960) and Dubois (1964a, b, 1965a, b, 1966) merit special attention. Dubois finally proved that the genital ridges exert a strong chemotactic influence on the primordial germ cells.

Extragonadal distribution of primordial germ cells in the early chick embryo

1988 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Nakamura ◽  
Takashi Kuwana ◽  
Yukihiko Miyayama ◽  
Toyoaki Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Early Chick Embryo

Developmental expression of c-kit, a proto-oncogene encoded by the W locus

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Orr-Urtreger ◽  
A. Avivi ◽  
Y. Zimmer ◽  
D. Givol ◽  
Y. Yarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Male Germ Line ◽  
Polypeptide Growth Factors ◽  
Adult Ovary

Developmental expression of the c-kit proto-oncogene, a receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the W locus, was investigated by in situ hybridization in normal mouse embryos. Early after implantation transcripts were detectable only in the maternal placenta (6 1/2-7 1/2 days p.c.). Subsequently (8 1/2 days p.c.) numerous ectodermal (neural tube, sensory placodes) and endodermal (embryonic gut) derivatives expressed c-kit. Later transcripts were detected also in the blood islands of the yolk sac and in the embryonic liver, the main sites of embryonic hemopoiesis. Around midgestation, transcripts accumulated in the branchial pouches and also in primordial germ cells of the genital ridges. This complex pattern of expression remained characteristic also later in gestation, when c-kit was expressed in highly differentiated structures of the craniofacial area, in presumptive melanoblasts and in the CNS. In the adult ovary, maternal c-kit transcripts were detected. They were present in the oocytes of both immature and mature ovarian follicles, but not in the male germ line, where c-kit expression may be down regulated. Thus, c-kit activity is complex and appears in multiple tissues including those that also display defects in mutations at the W locus where c-kit is encoded. Correlation between W phenotypes and c-kit expression, as well as the regulation of the complex and multiple expression of polypeptide growth factors and receptors, is discussed.

The origin, migration and morphology of the primordial germ cells in the chick embryo

1976 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyoaki Fujimoto ◽  
Atsumi Ukeshima ◽  
Ranko Kiyofuji
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells

On the Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Chick Embryo

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. EYAL-GILADI ◽  
S. KOCHAV ◽  
M.K. MENASHI
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells
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