Abnormalities in bone and cartilage development in the talpid3 mutant of the fowl

Development ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-339
Author(s):  
J. R. Hinchliffe ◽  
D. A. Ede
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Bone And Cartilage Development ◽  
Complete Failure ◽  
Membranous Skeleton ◽  
And Cartilage

The complex pleiotropic pattern of damage caused in chick embryos by the talpid3 gene has been described previously by Ede & Kelly (1964a, b) and Hinchliffe & Ede (1967). The pattern of segregation of the mesenchyme in forming the precartilaginous or membranous skeleton is abnormal, and the resulting cartilaginous skeleton shows characteristic fusions of the vertebrae and of the limb elements. By 11 days of development there is a complete failure of cartilage-replacement bone to appear, even in the more normally formed cartilage rudiments (e.g. ribs, scapula, coracoid, ilium). By contrast, ossification to give the membrane bones (the clavicle and bones of the skull and jaws), which are formed directly from condensations in the mesenchyme, proceeds normally. This paper describes the attempts made by experimental and histochemical means to account for the failure of cartilage-replacement bone formation.

scholarly journals Regulation of bone and cartilage development by network between BMP signalling and transcription factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nishimura ◽  
K. Hata ◽  
T. Matsubara ◽  
M. Wakabayashi ◽  
T. Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Bone And Cartilage Development ◽  
Bmp Signalling ◽  
And Cartilage

Regulation of transcriptional network system during bone and cartilage development

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Riko Nishimura ◽  
Kenji Hata ◽  
Fumiyo Ikeda ◽  
Takuma Matsubara ◽  
Katsuhiko Amano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Network ◽  
Network System ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Bone And Cartilage Development ◽  
And Cartilage

scholarly journals Transcriptomics‐based analysis of the mechanism by which Wang-Bi capsule alleviates joint destruction in rats with collagen‐induced arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Shu ◽  
Hanxiao Zhao ◽  
Yingjie Shi ◽  
Cheng Lu ◽  
Li Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Joint Destruction ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Collagen Induced Arthritis ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied with joint destruction that often leads to disability. Wang-Bi capsule (WB), a traditional Chinese medicine-based herbs formula, has exhibited inhibition effect on joint destruction of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) animal model in our previous study. But its molecular mechanisms are still obscure. Methods CIA rats were treated intragastrical with WB for eight weeks, and the effect of joints protection were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, safranin O fast green staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and micro‑CT scanning analysis. The transcriptomic of tarsal joints were used to investigate how WB alleviated joint destruction. Results The histological examination of ankle joints showed WB alleviated both cartilage damage and bone destruction of CIA rats. This protective effect on joints were further evidenced by micro-CT analysis. The transcriptomic analysis showed that WB prominently changed 12 KEGG signaling pathways (“calcium signaling pathway”, “cAMP signaling pathway”, “cell adhesion molecules”, “chemokine signaling pathway”, “complement and coagulation cascades”, “MAPK signaling pathway”, “NF-kappa B signaling pathway”, “osteoclast differentiation”, “PI3K-Akt signaling pathway”, “focal adhesion”, “Gap junction” and “Rap1 signaling pathway”) associated with bone or cartilage. Several genes (including Il6, Tnfsf11, Ffar2, Plg, Tnfrsf11b, Fgf4, Fpr1, Siglec1, Vegfd, Cldn1, Cxcl13, Chad, Arrb2, Fgf9, Egfr) regulating bone resorption, bone formation and cartilage development were identified by further analysis. Meanwhile, these differentially expressed genes were validated by real-time quantitative PCR. Conclusions Overall, the protective effect of WB treatment on joint were confirmed in CIA rats, and its basic molecular mechanisms may be associated with regulating some genes (including Il6, Tnfsf11, Ffar2 and Plg etc.) involved in bone resorption, bone formation and cartilage development.

scholarly journals RECESSIVE MULTIPLE EPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA: A CASE REPORT

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Bone And Cartilage Development ◽  
Epiphyseal Dysplasia ◽  
And Cartilage ◽  
Difficulty Walking

Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is characterized by abnormal bone and cartilage development particularly affecting epiphysis of long bones. Individuals with MED present during childhood presents with hip pain, knee pain and waddling gait. The autosomal recessive MED is differentiated from the dominant type by the presence of hands, knees and feet malformations with scoliosis. We present here, a case of autosomal recessive MED, an eleven and half years old boy who presented with pain in knees, difficulty walking, abnormal fingers and abnormal toes. The radiographs of hands, knees and pelvis were suggestive of an abnormal epiphyseal development. After diagnosis, patient was counseled and he was advised analgesics and different exercises.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis of the main beam and brow tine of sika deer antler provides insights into the molecular control of rapid antler growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojin Yao ◽  
Chaonan Wang ◽  
Zhenwei Zhou ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Daqing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Main Beam ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Antler Growth ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background Deer antlers have become a valuable model for biomedical research due to the capacities of regeneration and rapid growth. However, the molecular mechanism of rapid antler growth remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to compare and explore the molecular control exerted by the main beam and brow tine during rapid antler growth. Methods The main beams and brow tines of sika deer antlers were collected from Chinese sika deer (Cervus nippon) at the rapid growth stage. Comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted using RNA-Seq technology. Differential expression was assessed using the DEGseq package. Functional Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was accomplished using a rigorous algorithm according to the GO Term Finder tool, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis was accomplished with the R function phyper, followed by the hypergeometric test and Bonferroni correction. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to verify the RNA levels for differentially expressed mRNAs. Results The expression levels of 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in chondrogenesis and cartilage development were identified as significantly upregulated in the main beams, including transcription factor SOX-9 (Sox9), collagen alpha-1(II) chain (Col2a1), aggrecan core protein (Acan), etc. However, the expression levels of 17 DEGs involved in endochondral ossification and bone formation were identified as significantly upregulated in the brow tines, including collagen alpha-1(X) chain (Col10a1), osteopontin (Spp1) and bone sialoprotein 2 (Ibsp), etc. Conclusion These results suggest that the antler main beam has stronger growth capacity involved in chondrogenesis and cartilage development compared to the brow tine during rapid antler growth, which is mainly achieved through regulation of Sox9 and its target genes, whereas the antler brow tine has stronger capacities of endochondral bone formation and resorption compared to the main beam during rapid antler growth, which is mainly achieved through the genes involved in regulating osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Thus, the current research has deeply expanded our understanding of the intrinsic molecular regulation displayed by the main beam and brow tine during rapid antler growth.

Isolation, Culture and Identification of Bovine Skeletal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2337-2345
Author(s):  
Junhui Lai ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Ruining Liang ◽  
Weijun Guan ◽  
Xiuxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
And Cartilage

The growth plate is essential in long bone formation and contains a wealth of skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Though the origin and the mechanism for SSCs generation remain uncertain, recent studies demonstrate the transition from cartilage to bone that in the lineage for bone development. SSCs possesses the ability to differentiate into bone and cartilage in vitro. In this research, we aimed to isolate and culture the skeletal stem cells from bovine cattle and then studied its biological characterization. The results showed that these bovine SSCs are positive for PDPN+CD73+CD164+CD90+CD44+ cell surface bio-markers, they are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. Our dates proved that SSCs exists in bovine’s long bone.

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