scholarly journals Apoptosis regulates endothelial cell number and capillary vessel diameter but not vessel regression during retinal angiogenesis

Development ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (16) ◽  
pp. 2973-2982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma C. Watson ◽  
Monica N. Koenig ◽  
Zoe L. Grant ◽  
Lachlan Whitehead ◽  
Evelyn Trounson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Capillary Vessel ◽  
Retinal Angiogenesis ◽  
Vessel Regression

scholarly journals Altered offspring neurodevelopment in an arginine vasopressin preeclampsia model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Banu Gumusoglu ◽  
Akanksha Sri Satya Chilukuri ◽  
Benjamin Wen Qing Hing ◽  
Sabrina Marie Scroggins ◽  
Sreelekha Kundu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Ventricular Zone ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Caudate Putamen ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractPreeclampsia is a severe gestational hypertensive condition linked to child neuropsychiatric disorders, although underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used a recently developed, clinically relevant animal model of preeclampsia to assess offspring. C57BL/6J mouse dams were chronically infused with arginine vasopressin (AVP) or saline (24 ng/h) throughout pregnancy. Adult offspring were behaviorally tested (Y-maze, open field, rotarod, social approach, and elevated plus maze). Offspring brain was assessed histologically and by RNA sequencing. Preeclampsia-exposed adult males exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior and social approach while adult females exhibited impaired procedural learning. Adult AVP-exposed males had reduced total neocortical volume. Adult AVP-exposed females had increased caudate–putamen volume, increased caudate–putamen cell number, and decreased excitatory synapse density in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), CA1, and CA3. At postnatal day 7 (P7), AVP-exposed male and female offspring both had smaller neocortex. At P7, AVP-exposed males also had smaller caudate–putamen volume, while females had increased caudate–putamen volume relative to neocortical size. Similar to P7, E18 AVP-exposed offspring had smaller dorsal forebrain, mainly in reduced intermediate, subventricular, and ventricular zone volume, particularly in males. Decreased volume was not accounted for by cell size or cerebrovascular vessel diameter changes. E18 cortical RNAseq revealed 49 differentially-expressed genes in male AVP-exposed offspring, over-representing cytoplasmic translation processes. In females, 31 genes were differentially-expressed, over-representing collagen-related and epithelial regulation pathways. Gene expression changes in E18 AVP-exposed placenta indicated potential underlying mechanisms. Deficits in behavior and forebrain development in this AVP-based preeclampsia model were distinctly different in males and females, implicating different neurobiological bases.

scholarly journals Nerve growth factor regulates endothelial cell survival and pathological retinal angiogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2362-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Troullinaki ◽  
Vasileia‐Ismini Alexaki ◽  
Ioannis Mitroulis ◽  
Anke Witt ◽  
Anne Klotzsche–von Ameln ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Endothelial Cell Survival ◽  
Retinal Angiogenesis

scholarly journals LRP1 Regulates Retinal Angiogenesis by Inhibiting PARP-1 Activity and Endothelial Cell Proliferation

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Mao ◽  
Pamela Lockyer ◽  
W.H. Davin Townley-Tilson ◽  
Liang Xie ◽  
Xinchun Pi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Retinal Angiogenesis ◽  
Parp 1

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular Adaptation in Chronic Hydrocephalus

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Luciano ◽  
David J. Skarupa ◽  
Amy M. Booth ◽  
Arcangela S. Wood ◽  
Christine L. Brant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adaptive Process ◽  
Capillary Vessel ◽  
Hypoxic Environment ◽  
Luminal Area

This study characterizes the regional changes in vascularity, which accompanies chronic progressive hydrocephalus. Fifteen dogs underwent surgical induction of hydrocephalus and were used for histologic studies. Animals were divided into 4 groups: surgical control, short term (≤5 weeks), intermediate term ((8 weeks), and long term (10 to 12 weeks). Vessel diameter, density, and luminal area were calculated by imaging quantification after manual vessel identification in the cortical gray, white matter, and caudate nucleus. Capillary vessel diameter decreased 23.5% to 30.2% ( P < 0.01) in the caudate, but then returned to normal at 12 weeks. Capillary vessel density decreased 53.5% ( P < 0.05) in the cortical gray, but then increased to 234.8% ( P < 0.01) over surgical controls at 12 weeks. There was no initial decrease in capillary density in the caudate; however, the long-term group capillary density was significantly greater (172.8% to 210.5%, P < 0.01) than surgical controls. Overall, there was a short-term decrease in lumen area, with recovery in the longer term. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry demonstrated the pattern of GFAP staining and reactive astrocytes differed in the caudate compared with the occipital cortex. This data suggest that an increase in capillary density and diameter may be an adaptive process allowing maintenance of adequate cerebral perfusion and metabolic support in the hypoxic environment of chronic hydrocephalus.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of PLLA, PTFE and PVDF with Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) to Enhance Cell Adhesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9679
Author(s):  
Adam Lech ◽  
Beata A. Butruk-Raszeja ◽  
Tomasz Ciach ◽  
Krystyna Lawniczak-Jablonska ◽  
Piotr Kuzmiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Endothelial Cell Adhesion

Recently, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation has been increasingly used to modify polymers. Properties such as the extremely short absorption lengths in polymers and the very strong interaction of EUV photons with materials may play a key role in achieving new biomaterials. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of EUV radiation on cell adhesion to the surface of modified polymers that are widely used in medicine: poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and poly-L-(lactic acid) (PLLA). After EUV surface modification, which has been performed using a home-made laboratory system, changes in surface wettability, morphology, chemical composition and cell adhesion polymers were analyzed. For each of the three polymers, the EUV radiation differently effects the process of endothelial cell adhesion, dependent of the parameters applied in the modification process. In the case of PVDF and PTFE, higher cell number and cellular coverage were obtained after EUV radiation with oxygen. In the case of PLLA, better results were obtained for EUV modification with nitrogen. For all three polymers tested, significant improvements in endothelial cell adhesion after EUV modification have been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Correction: Dynamic Endothelial Cell Rearrangements Drive Developmental Vessel Regression

PLoS Biology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e1002163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio A. Franco ◽  
Martin L. Jones ◽  
Miguel O. Bernabeu ◽  
Ilse Geudens ◽  
Thomas Mathivet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vessel Regression

A study of rat intracerebral arterioles: methods, morphology, and reactivity

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. H598-H606 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Dacey ◽  
B. R. Duling
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Cell Nuclei

Penetrating, intracerebral arterioles from rat were isolated, cannulated, and studied in vitro. Vessel wall elements were found to consist of an endothelial cell layer, one smooth muscle cell layer, and a thin adventitial layer or leptomeningeal sheath. Smooth muscle cell nuclei were oriented perpendicular to the vessel's longitudinal axis; endothelial cell nuclei were parallel to the axis. Mean vessel diameter with the smooth muscle inactivated (passive diameter) was 36.7 +/- 1.6 (SE) micrometer. Spontaneous smooth muscle tone developed at 37 degrees C and reduced vessel diameter to 70 +/- 4% of passive diameter. Vessels were activated by the extraluminal application of 140 mM KCl solution at pH 8.00, which produced a transient contraction that decayed within 30 s to a steady contraction of somewhat less intensity. Changes in intravascular pressure were used to alter wall tension of the vessels. Tension in the vessel wall was computed, and length-tension curves for the arteriolar smooth muscle were approximated. Length-tension relationships similar to those seen in other smooth-muscle preparations were found with maximal estimated force development of 1.29 x 10(-5) N . m-2. Alterations of bath pH caused changes in vessel diameter that were inversely related to extraluminal pH and varied by approximately 77% in the range from pH 6.85 to 8.00. Adenosine dilated vessels to 140 +/- 6% of control diameter at a concentration of 10(-5) M. The mechanical characteristics and the reactivity to H+, K+, and adenosine of these vessels were quantitatively consistent with in vitro data from larger cerebral vessels and in vivo data from pial arteries.

scholarly journals Dynamic Endothelial Cell Rearrangements Drive Developmental Vessel Regression

PLoS Biology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e1002125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio A. Franco ◽  
Martin L. Jones ◽  
Miguel O. Bernabeu ◽  
Ilse Geudens ◽  
Thomas Mathivet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vessel Regression

scholarly journals The effect of etonogestrel on VEGF, oestrogen and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity and endothelial cell number in human endometrium

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3080-3087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Macpherson ◽  
David F. Archer ◽  
Susan Leslie ◽  
D.Stephen Charnock-Jones ◽  
W.Karolien Makkink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Human Endometrium

Histological Changes in the Rat Femoral Artery Following the Use of the Empty-and-Refill Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
Alexandra Naides ◽  
Roberto Noland ◽  
Jiajie Lu ◽  
Yelena Akelina ◽  
Charles Marboe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Femoral Arteries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vessel Patency ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Background This study examines the effects of the empty-and-refill patency test on rat femoral arteries in the longer postoperative time period. Methods A simple arterial anastomosis was performed bilaterally on 20 rats. The empty-and-refill test was performed unilaterally in all rats, leaving the contralateral artery as an internal control. Rats were divided into two cohorts of 10 rats and survived for 48 hours and 2 weeks. Vessel patency was assessed prior to closing and immediately prior to sacrifice. The femoral arteries were harvested bilaterally and hematoxylin and eosin stains were performed. The femoral artery distal to the anastomosis in the region of the empty-and-refill test was histologically evaluated. Results All vessels were patent at the time of sacrifice. There was no statistical difference in the numeric scoring between the experimental and control vessels in the 48-hour cohort. Almost all vessels harvested at 48 hours showed endothelial cell loss distal to the anastomosis regardless of whether they underwent the empty-and-refill test. The only statistically significant difference in the 2-week cohort was an increase in adventitial smooth muscle proliferation in the experimental group. There were no other statistically significant results between the experimental and control groups at 2 weeks. An overall comparison of both cohorts revealed a statistically significant increase in endothelial cell number and intimal proliferation by 2 weeks postsurgery. Conclusion The empty-and-refill test does not compromise rat femoral artery anastomotic patency, nor does it produce histological damage either 48 hours or 2 weeks postsurgery.

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