HEN1functions pleiotropically inArabidopsisdevelopment and acts in C function in the flower

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Chen ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Yulan Cheng ◽  
Dongxuan Jia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Genetic Screen ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Rosette Leaf ◽  
Novel Protein ◽  
Floral Homeotic

Four classes of floral homeotic MADS domain proteins specify the identities of the four organ types in an Arabidopsis flower. While the activities of the MADS domain proteins are essentially confined to the flower or to the inflorescence, several genes, such as APETALA2, HUA1 and HUA2, also act outside the flower in addition to their organ identity functions inside the flower. We identified a new gene, HUA ENHANCER 1 (HEN1) from a sensitized genetic screen in the hua1-1 hua2-1 background that is compromised in floral homeotic C function. We showed that HEN1, like the C function gene AGAMOUS, acts to specify reproductive organ identities and to repress A function. HEN1 also shares AG’s non-homeotic function in controlling floral determinacy. HEN1 may achieve these functions by regulating the expression of AG. hen1 single mutants exhibit pleiotropic phenotypes such as reduced organ size, altered rosette leaf shape and increased number of coflorescences, during most stages of development. Therefore, HEN1, like the A function gene AP2, plays multiple roles in plant development as well as acting in organ identity specification in the flower. HEN1 codes for a novel protein and is expressed throughout the plant.

HUA ENHANCER2, a putative DExH-box RNA helicase, maintains homeotic B and C gene expression inArabidopsis

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 1569-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara L. Western ◽  
Yulan Cheng ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Xuemei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Rna Helicase ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Recessive Mutation ◽  
Homeotic Genes ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Quadruple Mutant ◽  
Normal Spacing ◽  
Floral Homeotic

Reproductive organ identity in Arabidopsis is controlled by the B, C and SEPALLATA classes of floral homeotic genes. We have identified a recessive mutation in a novel gene, HUA ENHANCER2, which, when combined with mutations in two weak class C genes, HUA1 and HUA2, leads to the production of third whorl sepal-petal-stamens and fourth whorl sepal-carpels. Quadruple mutant analysis and in situ localization of A, B, C and SEPALLATA floral homeotic RNAs suggest that HUA ENHANCER2 is required for the maintenance of B and C gene expression in the reproductive whorls. In addition to its role in floral homeotic gene expression, HUA ENHANCER2 is required for normal spacing and number of perianth organ primordia. We show that HUA ENHANCER2 encodes a putative DExH-box RNA helicase that is expressed in specific patterns in the inflorescence meristem and developing flowers. As a possible ortholog of the yeast exosome-associated protein, Dob1p (Mtr4p), HUA ENHANCER2 may affect floral organ spacing and identity through the regulation of protein synthesis or mRNA degradation. Therefore, our studies on HUA ENHANCER2 not only demonstrate that B and C gene expression is established and maintained separately, but also implicate the existence of post-transcriptional mechanisms in the maintenance of B and C gene expression.

Overexpressed BRH1, a RING finger gene, alters rosette leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Wang ◽  
Eryong Chen ◽  
Xiaoyang Ge ◽  
Qian Gong ◽  
HamamaIslam Butt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Rosette Leaf

A FUSCA Gene of Arabidopsis Encodes a Novel Protein Essential for Plant Development

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Linda A. Castle ◽  
David W. Meinke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Novel Protein

scholarly journals The Multiple Roles of Arabinogalactan Proteins in Plant Development

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Majewska-Sawka ◽  
Eugene A. Nothnagel
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Multiple Roles

scholarly journals From leaf to flower: revisiting Goethe's concepts on the ¨metamorphosis¨ of plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Carnier Dornelas ◽  
Odair Dornelas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Model ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
Regulate Plant Development

Goethe’s seminal scientific work, Versuch die Metamorphose der Pflanzen zu erklaren (An Attempt to Interpret the Metamorphosis of Plants) dated from 1790, has created the foundations for many domains of modern plant biology. The archetypal leaf concept, which considers floral organs as modified leaves, besides being the best known has been proven true, following the description of the ABC molecular model of floral organ identity determination during the last decade. Here we analyze the whole theoretical frame of Goethe’s 1790 publication and present two previously misconsidered aspects of this work: The "refinement of the sap" concept as a directional principle and the "cycles of contractions and expansions" as cycles of differential determination of the shoot apical meristem. The reinterpretation of these concepts are in line with the modern view that molecular networks integrate both environmental and endogenous cues and regulate plant development. This reassessment also helps to elaborate a theoretical frame that considers the evolutionary conservation of the molecular mechanisms that regulate plant development.

Studies of Cytokinin Action and Metabolism Using Tobacco Plants Expressing either the ipt or the GUS Gene Controlled by a Chalcone Synthase Promoter. I. Developmental Features of the Transgenic Plants

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
D. S. Letham ◽  
Edwina Cornish ◽  
K. R. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Endogenous Cytokinin ◽  
Ipt Gene ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Transformed Plants ◽  
Developmental Features

A chimaeric cytokinin biosynthetic gene was constructed by placing the coding region of the bacterial ipt gene under the control of a chalcone synthase (chs) promoter (PCHS) from Antirrhinum majus. The PCHS-ipt gene was transferred to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). To provide control plants for studies of the effect of expression of this gene on plant development, a PCHS β-glucuronidase gene fusion was also introduced into tobacco. Expression of the PCHS-ipt gene caused release of axillary buds, inhibition of root development, retardation of leaf senescence, elevation of chlorophyll levels, delay in onset of flowering and retardation of flower development. These effects, which were quantified in PCHS- ipt plants, have previously been associated with expression of ipt genes controlled by heat shock or other promoters. Additional effects of ipt gene expression characterised in PCHS-ipt plants included growth of leafy shoots from the primary root, change in leaf shape with the production of broader and larger leaves, induction of expansion of excised leaf discs and development of leaves with an enlarged midrib and enlarged veins. A particularly striking effect of the expression of the PCHS-ipt gene was development of thicker stems due mainly to increase of pith tissue caused by an enhancement of both cell division and cell enlargement. Node number per primary stem was also increased. Endogenous cytokinin and applied auxin interacted antagonistically to affect both root and stem development in plants cultured in vitro. The leaves of PCHS -ipt transformed plants exhibited increased transpiration rates and reduced diffusion resistance associated with increased number of stomata and modified stomatal dimensions. The above changes, which were associated with elevated endogenous cytokinin levels, are discussed in relation to previous studies with ipt gene transformed plants and to some aspects of normal plant development.

scholarly journals SPT20/ADA5 encodes a novel protein functionally related to the TATA-binding protein and important for transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 3206-3213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Roberts ◽  
F Winston
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Tata Binding Protein ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Novel Protein

Mutations selected as suppressors of Ty and solo delta insertion mutations is Saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified a number of genes important for transcription initiation. One of these gens, SPT15, encodes the TATA-binding protein, and three others, SPT3, SPT7, and SPT8, encode proteins functionally related to the TATA-binding protein. To identify additional related functions, we have selected for new spt mutations. This work has identified one new gene, SPT20. Null mutations in SPT20 cause poor growth and a set of severe transcriptional defects very similar to those caused by null mutations in SPT3, SPT7, and SPT8 and also very similar to those caused by certain missense mutations in SPT15. Consistent with its having an important function in transcription in vivo, SPT20 was also recently identified as ADA5 and has been shown to be important for transcriptional activation (G.A. Marcus, J. Horiuchi, N. Silverman, and L. Guarente, Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3197-3205, 1996.

scholarly journals Transparent Testa16 Plays Multiple Roles in Plant Development and Is Involved in Lipid Synthesis and Embryo Development in Canola

2012 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 978-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Deng ◽  
Guanqun Chen ◽  
Fred Peng ◽  
Martin Truksa ◽  
Crystal L. Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Multiple Roles

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of All AGAMOUS Subfamily Members in Rice Reveals Their Roles in Reproductive Organ Identity Determination and Meristem Determinacy

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2850-2863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Dreni ◽  
Alessandro Pilatone ◽  
Dapeng Yun ◽  
Stefano Erreni ◽  
Alice Pajoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Organ Identity
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