scholarly journals Extracellular matrix modifications at fertilization: regulation of dityrosine crosslinking by transamidation

Development ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1835-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Wong ◽  
G. M. Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Modifications

scholarly journals Fragmentation of extracellular matrix by hypochlorous acid

2003 ◽  
Vol 376 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A. WOODS ◽  
Michael J. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Artery Wall ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Matrix Modifications ◽  
Matrix Components ◽  
Activated Monocytes ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Cellular Behaviour ◽  
Species Being

The interaction of extracellular matrix with cells regulates their adhesion, migration and proliferation, and it is believed that damage to vascular matrix components is a factor in the development of atherosclerosis. Evidence has been provided for a role for the haem enzyme MPO (myeloperoxidase), released by activated monocytes (and possibly macrophages), in oxidative events within the artery wall. As MPO is released extracellularly, and is highly basic, it might be expected to associate with poly-anionic matrix components thereby localizing damage to these materials. In this study the reaction of the MPO-derived oxidant hypochlorous acid (HOCl) with extracellular matrix from vascular smooth muscle cells and healthy pig arteries has been examined. HOCl is rapidly consumed by such matrix samples, with the formation of matrix-derived chloramines or chloramides. The yield of these intermediates increases with HOCl dose. These materials undergo a time- and temperature-dependent decay, which parallels the release of sugar and protein components from the treated matrix, consistent with these species being important intermediates. Matrix damage is enhanced by species that increase chloramine/chloramide decomposition, with copper and iron ions being effective catalysts, and decreased by compounds which scavenge chloramines/chloramides, or species derived from them. The effect of such matrix modifications on cellular behaviour is poorly understood, though it is known that changes in matrix materials can have profound effects on cell adhesion, proliferation, growth and phenotype. The observed matrix modifications reported here may therefore modulate cellular behaviour in diseases such as atherosclerosis where MPO-derived oxidants are generated.

Extracellular Matrix Modifications in Rat Tissues of Different Ages

Matrix ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Quaglino ◽  
Claudio Fornieri ◽  
Lillian B. Nanney ◽  
Jeffrey M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Matrix Modifications

Cardiac myocytes cultured on a basement membrane extract of the ehs tumor

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
L. Terracio ◽  
A. Dewey ◽  
K. Rubin ◽  
T.K. Borg
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Cell Spreading ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Basement Membrane Extract ◽  
Membrane Extract ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

The recognition and interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) effects the normal physiology as well as the pathology of all multicellular organisms. These interactions have been shown to influence the growth, development, and maintenance of normal tissue function. In previous studies, we have shown that neonatal cardiac myocytes specifically interacts with a variety of ECM components including fibronectin, laminin, and collagens I, III and IV. Culturing neonatal myocytes on laminin and collagen IV induces an increased rate of both cell spreading and sarcomerogenesis.

Neutrophil migration through in vitro interstitial matrix

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 894-895
Author(s):  
J. Roemer ◽  
S.R. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Specific Culture

We are developing an in vitro interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) system for study of inflammatory cell migration. Falcon brand Cyclopore membrane inserts of various pore sizes are used as a support substrate for production of ECM by R22 rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Under specific culture conditions these cells produce a highly insoluble matrix consisting of typical interstitial ECM components, i.e.: types I and III collagen, elastin, proteoglycans and fibronectin.

The extracellular matrix of echinoderm and amphibian eggs: Visualization in quick-frozen, deep-etched, and rotary-shadowed specimens

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Barry Bonnell ◽  
Carolyn Larabell ◽  
Douglas Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Crystalline Structure ◽  
Cortical Granule ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Deep Etching ◽  
Quick Freezing ◽  
Acrosomal Reaction

Eggs of many species including those of echinoderms, amphibians and mammals exhibit an extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) that is important both in the reception of sperm and in providing a block to polyspermy after fertilization.In sea urchin eggs there are two distinctive coats, the vitelline layer which contains glycoprotein sperm receptors and the jelly layer that contains fucose sulfate glycoconjugates which trigger the acrosomal reaction and small peptides which act as chemoattractants for sperm. The vitelline layer (VL), as visualized by quick-freezing, deep-etching, and rotary-shadowing (QFDE-RS), is a fishnet-like structure, anchored to the plasma membrane by short posts. Orbiting above the VL are horizontal filaments which are thought to anchor the thicker jelly layer to the egg. Upon fertilization, the VL elevates and is transformed by cortical granule secretions into the fertilization envelope (FE). The rounded casts of microvilli in the VL are transformed into angular peaks and the envelope becomes coated inside and out with sheets of paracrystalline protein having a quasi-two dimensional crystalline structure.

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