scholarly journals Essential role of non-canonical Wnt signalling in neural crest migration

Development ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
pp. 2587-2597 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. De Calisto
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Canonical Wnt ◽  
Neural Crest Migration

The role of the non-canonical Wnt–planar cell polarity pathway in neural crest migration

2013 ◽  
Vol 457 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Mayor ◽  
Eric Theveneau
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Planar Cell Polarity ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Contact Inhibition ◽  
Stem Cell Population ◽  
Planar Cell Polarity Pathway ◽  
Canonical Wnt ◽  
Neural Crest Migration

The neural crest is an embryonic stem cell population whose migratory behaviour has been likened to malignant invasion. The neural crest, as does cancer, undergoes an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and migrates to colonize almost all the tissues of the embryo. Neural crest cells exhibit collective cell migration, moving in streams of high directionality. The migratory neural crest streams are kept in shape by the presence of negative signals in their vicinity. The directionality of the migrating neural crest is achieved by contact-dependent cell polarization, in a phenomenon called contact inhibition of locomotion. Two cells experiencing contact inhibition of locomotion move away from each other after collision. However, if the cell density is high only cells exposed to a free edge can migrate away from the cluster leading to the directional migration of the whole group. Recent work performed in chicks, zebrafish and frogs has shown that the non-canonical Wnt–PCP (planar cell polarity) pathway plays a major role in neural crest migration. PCP signalling controls contact inhibition of locomotion between neural crest cells by localizing different PCP proteins at the site of cell contact during collision and locally regulating the activity of Rho GTPases. Upon collision RhoA (ras homologue family member A) is activated, whereas Rac1 is inhibited at the contact between two migrating neural crest cells, leading to the collapse of protrusions and the migration of cells away from one another. The present review summarizes the mechanisms that control neural crest migration and focuses on the role of non-canonical Wnt or PCP signalling in this process.

scholarly journals Essential role of AWP1 in neural crest specification in Xenopus

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Han Seo ◽  
Dong-Seok Park ◽  
Mina Hong ◽  
Eun-Ju Chang ◽  
Sun-Cheol Choi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Essential Role

scholarly journals Role of canonical Wnt-signalling in joint formation

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Später ◽  
◽  
TP Hill ◽  
M Gruber ◽  
C Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Joint Formation ◽  
Canonical Wnt

scholarly journals Soluble and cell-bound forms of steel factor activity play distinct roles in melanocyte precursor dispersal and survival on the lateral neural crest migration pathway

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wehrle-Haller ◽  
J.A. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Steel Factor ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
Staging Area ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Neural Crest Migration

Trunk neural crest cells segregate from the neuroepithelium and enter a ‘migration staging area’ lateral to the embryonic neural tube. After some crest cells in the migration staging area have begun to migrate on a medial pathway, a subpopulation of crest-derived cells remaining in the migration staging area expresses mRNAs for the receptor tyrosine kinase, c-kit, and tyrosinase-related protein-2, both of which are characteristic of melanocyte precursors. These putative melanocyte precursors are subsequently observed on the lateral crest migration pathway between the dermatome and overlying epithelium, and then dispersed in nascent dermal mesenchyme. Melanocyte precursors transiently require the c-kit ligand, Steel factor for survival. Although Steel factor mRNA is transiently expressed in the dorsal dermatome before the onset of trunk neural crest cell dispersal on the lateral pathway, it is no longer produced by dermatomal cells when melanocyte precursors have dispersed in the dermal mesenchyme. To assess the role of Steel factor in migration of melanocyte precursors on the lateral pathway, we analyzed melanocyte precursor dispersal and fate on the lateral pathway of two different Sl mutants, Sl, a null allele, and Sld, which lacks cell surface-associated Steel factor but produces a soluble form. No melanocyte precursors were detected in the dermatome of embryos homozygous for the Sl allele or in W mutants that lack functional c-kit. In contrast, in embryos homozygous for the Sld allele, melanocyte precursors appeared on the lateral pathway, but subsequently disappear from the dermis. These results suggest that soluble Steel factor is required for melanocyte precursor dispersal on the lateral pathway, or for their initial survival in the migration staging area. In contrast, membrane-bound Steel factor appears to promote melanocyte precursor survival in the dermis.

The Role of Wnt Signalling in the Development of Somites and Neural Crest

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Schmidt ◽  
Imelda McGonnell ◽  
Steve Allen ◽  
Ketan Patel
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Wnt Signalling

scholarly journals 09-P019 The role of the non-canonical Wnt signalling pathway in branching morphogenesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. S156
Author(s):  
Laura L. Yates ◽  
Carsten Schnatwinkel ◽  
Jennifer N. Murdoch ◽  
Debora Bogani ◽  
Caroline J. Formstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Wnt Signalling Pathway ◽  
Canonical Wnt

scholarly journals Blockade of canonical Wnt signalling ameliorates experimental dermal fibrosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1255-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Beyer ◽  
Helena Reichert ◽  
Hümeyra Akan ◽  
Tatjana Mallano ◽  
Amelie Schramm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Dermal Fibrosis ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Socioeconomic Burden ◽  
Β Receptor ◽  
Canonical Wnt

Background and objectivesFibrosis is a major socioeconomic burden, but effective antifibrotic therapies are not available in the clinical routine. There is growing evidence for a central role of Wnt signalling in fibrotic diseases such as systemic sclerosis, and we therefore evaluated the translational potential of pharmacological Wnt inhibition in experimental dermal fibrosis.MethodsWe examined the antifibrotic effects of PKF118-310 and ICG-001, two novel inhibitors of downstream canonical Wnt signalling, in the models of prevention and treatment of bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis as well as in experimental dermal fibrosis induced by adenoviral overexpression of a constitutively active transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptor I.ResultsPKF118-310 and ICG-001 were well tolerated throughout all experiments. Both therapeutic approaches showed antifibrotic effects in preventing and reversing bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis as measured by skin thickness, hydroxyproline content and myofibroblast counts. PKF118-310 and ICG-001 were effective in inhibiting TGF-β receptor I-driven fibrosis as assessed by the same outcome measures.ConclusionsBlockade of canonical Wnt signalling by PKF118-310 and ICG-001 showed antifibrotic effects in different models of skin fibrosis. Both therapies were well tolerated. Although further experimental evidence for efficacy and tolerability is necessary, inhibition of canonical Wnt signalling is a promising treatment approach for fibrosis.

scholarly journals Novel biomarkers in kidney disease: roles for cilia, Wnt signalling and ATMIN in polycystic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1745-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paraskevi Goggolidou ◽  
Patricia D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Kidney Dialysis ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Canonical Wnt

Biomarkers, the measurable indicators of biological conditions, are fast becoming a popular approach in providing information to track disease processes that could lead to novel therapeutic interventions for chronic conditions. Inherited, chronic kidney disease affects millions of people worldwide and although pharmacological treatments exist for some conditions, there are still patients whose only option is kidney dialysis and kidney transplantation. In the past 10 years, certain chronic kidney diseases have been reclassified as ciliopathies. Cilia in the kidney are antenna-like, sensory organelles that are required for signal transduction. One of the signalling pathways that requires the primary cilium in the kidney is Wnt signalling and it has three components such as canonical Wnt, non-canonical Wnt/planar cell olarity (PCP) and non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signalling. Identification of the novel role of ATM INteractor (ATMIN) as an effector molecule in the non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway has intrigued us to investigate its potential role in chronic kidney disease. ATMIN could thus be an important biomarker in disease prognosis and treatment that might lighten the burden of chronic kidney disease and also affect on its progression.

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