scholarly journals The Effect of a Whey Protein Supplement on Bone Mass in Older Caucasian Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 2214-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. Kerstetter ◽  
Jessica D. Bihuniak ◽  
Jennifer Brindisi ◽  
Rebecca R. Sullivan ◽  
Kelsey M. Mangano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Protein Group ◽  
The Impact

Context: It has been assumed that the increase in urine calcium (Ca) that accompanies an increase in dietary protein was due to increased bone resorption. However, studies using stable Ca isotopes have found that dietary protein increases Ca absorption without increasing bone resorption. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of a moderately high protein diet on bone mineral density (BMD). Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of protein supplementation daily for 18 months. Setting: The study was conducted at two institutional research centers. Participants: Two hundred eight older women and men with a body mass index between 19 and 32 kg/m2 and a self-reported protein intake between 0.6 and 1.0 g/kg participated in the study. Intervention: Subjects were asked to incorporate either a 45-g whey protein or isocaloric maltodextrin supplement into their usual diet for 18 months. Main Outcome Measure: BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, body composition, and markers of skeletal and mineral metabolism were measured at baseline and at 9 and 18 months. Results: There were no significant differences between groups for changes in L-spine BMD (primary outcome) or the other skeletal sites of interest. Truncal lean mass was significantly higher in the protein group at 18 months (P = .048). C-terminal telopeptide (P = .0414), IGF-1 (P = .0054), and urinary urea (P < .001) were also higher in the protein group at the end of the study period. There was no difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate at 18 months. Conclusion: Our data suggest that protein supplementation above the recommended dietary allowance (0.8 g/kg) may preserve fat-free mass without adversely affecting skeletal health or renal function in healthy older adults.

scholarly journals A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Morton ◽  
Kevin T Murphy ◽  
Sean R McKellar ◽  
Brad J Schoenfeld ◽  
Menno Henselmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveWe performed a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression to determine if dietary protein supplementation augments resistance exercise training (RET)-induced gains in muscle mass and strength.Data sourcesA systematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL and SportDiscus.Eligibility criteriaOnly randomised controlled trials with RET ≥6 weeks in duration and dietary protein supplementation.DesignRandom-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions with four a priori determined covariates. Two-phase break point analysis was used to determine the relationship between total protein intake and changes in fat-free mass (FFM).ResultsData from 49 studies with 1863 participants showed that dietary protein supplementation significantly (all p<0.05) increased changes (means (95% CI)) in: strength—one-repetition-maximum (2.49 kg (0.64, 4.33)), FFM (0.30 kg (0.09, 0.52)) and muscle size—muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA; 310 µm2 (51, 570)) and mid-femur CSA (7.2 mm2 (0.20, 14.30)) during periods of prolonged RET. The impact of protein supplementation on gains in FFM was reduced with increasing age (−0.01 kg (−0.02,–0.00), p=0.002) and was more effective in resistance-trained individuals (0.75 kg (0.09, 1.40), p=0.03). Protein supplementation beyond total protein intakes of 1.62 g/kg/day resulted in no further RET-induced gains in FFM.Summary/conclusionDietary protein supplementation significantly enhanced changes in muscle strength and size during prolonged RET in healthy adults. Increasing age reduces and training experience increases the efficacy of protein supplementation during RET. With protein supplementation, protein intakes at amounts greater than ~1.6 g/kg/day do not further contribute RET-induced gains in FFM.

scholarly journals Comparative Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Concentrated, Hydrolyzed, and Isolated Whey Protein Supplementation on Body Composition of Physical Activity Practitioners

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique A. Castro ◽  
Flávio Henrique S. de Araújo ◽  
Mi Ye M. Olimpio ◽  
Raquel B. de B. Primo ◽  
Thiago T. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Impact

Whey protein (WP) is a dairy food supplement and, due to its effects on fat-free mass (FFM) gain and fat mass (FM) loss, it has been widely consumed by resistance training practitioners. This review analyzed the impact of WP supplementation in its concentrated (WPC), hydrolyzed (WPH) and isolated (WPI) forms, comparing it exclusively to isocaloric placebos. Random effect meta-analyses were performed from the final and initial body composition values of 246 healthy athletes undergoing 64.5 ± 15.3 days of training in eight randomized clinical trials (RCT) collected systematically from five scientific databases. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was statistically significant for FM loss (WMD = −0.96, 95% CI = −1.37, −0.55, p < 0.001) and, in the analysis of subgroups, this effect was maintained for the WPC (WMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.19, −0.06, p = 0.030), with protein content between 51% and 80% (WMD = −1.53; 95% CI = −2.13, −0.93, p < 0.001), and only for regular physical activity practitioners (WMD = −0.95; 95% CI = −1.70, −0.19, p = 0.014). There was no significant effect on FFM in any of the scenarios investigated (p > 0.05). Due to several and important limitations, more detailed analyses are required regarding FFM gain.

Effects of dietary protein deficiency on mineral metabolism and bone mineral density

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Orwoll ◽  
M Ware ◽  
L Stribrska ◽  
D Bikle ◽  
T Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Protein Deficiency ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Effects of Milk Protein in Resistance Training-Induced Lean Mass Gains for Older Adults Aged ≥ 60 y: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2815
Author(s):  
Ling-Pi Huang ◽  
Giancarlo Condello ◽  
Chia-Hua Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

This review evaluated the effects of milk-based protein supplementation on resistance training (RT)-induced gains in lean body mass or fat free mass (LBM/FFM) and muscle strength for older adults. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and EBSCOhost/SPORTDiscus was conducted. Eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials comparing all types of milk-based protein supplements with control supplements for the training older adults at mean age ≥ 60 y. Twenty studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, whilst seventeen studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. A dose of 10–15 g of milk protein supplementation was sufficient to augment RT-induced LBM/FFM. Intriguingly, four out of five studies show negative effect of whey protein supplementation at the same dose range (or even higher) compared with control supplementation (−0.49 kg, 95% CI: −0.69, −0.29, I2 = 14%, Z = 4.82, p < 0.001). For milk-based protein supplementation, RT-induced improvements in muscle strength were observed only when the protein doses ≥22 g (+0.66 kg, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.25, I2 = 0%, Z = 2.18, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Milk protein is superior to whey protein in enhancing RT-induced LBM/FFM gains for older adults. Optimal daily protein intake can dilute the protein supplementation effect.

scholarly journals Reduction of arrhythmias in primary hyperparathyroidism, by parathyroidectomy, evaluated with 24-h ECG monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Pepe ◽  
Cristiana Cipriani ◽  
Mario Curione ◽  
Federica Biamonte ◽  
Luciano Colangelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveHypercalcemia may induce arrhythmias. There are no data on the prevalence of arrhythmias in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in daily life. Aim of the study was to investigate both the prevalence of arrhythmias in patients with PHPT compared to controls and the impact of parathyroidectomy, evaluated by 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring.DesignThis is a randomized study.MethodsTwenty-six postmenopausal women with PHPT and 26 controls were enrolled. PHPT patients were randomized to two groups: 13 underwent parathyroidectomy (Group A) and 13 were followed up conservatively (Group B). After 6 months, patients were studied again. Each patient underwent mineral metabolism biochemical evaluation, bone mineral density measurement, standard ECG and 24-h ECG monitoring.ResultsPHPT patients showed higher calcium and parathyroid hormone compared to controls and a higher prevalence of both supraventricular (SVBPs) and ventricular premature beats (VPBs) during 24-h ECG monitoring. Groups A and B showed no differences in mean baseline biochemical values and ECG parameters. Mean value of QTc in PHPT groups was in the normal range at baseline, but significantly shorter than controls. A negative correlation was found between QTc and ionized calcium levels (r = −0.48,P < 0.05). After parathyroidectomy, Group A had a significant reduction in SVPBs and VPBs compared to baseline and restored normal QTc. Group B showed no significant changes after a 6-month period.ConclusionsThe increased prevalence of SVPBs and VPBs is significantly reduced by parathyroidectomy, and it is mainly related to the short QTc caused by hypercalcemia.

scholarly journals Bone Density, Turnover, and Estimated Strength in Postmenopausal Women Treated With Odanacatib: A Randomized Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Brixen ◽  
Roland Chapurlat ◽  
Angela M. Cheung ◽  
Tony M. Keaveny ◽  
Thomas Fuerst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Volumetric Bmd ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context: Odanacatib, a cathepsin K inhibitor, increases spine and hip areal bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with low BMD and cortical thickness in ovariectomized monkeys. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the impact of odanacatib on the trabecular and cortical bone compartments and estimated strength at the hip and spine. Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, 2-year trial. Setting: The study was conducted at a private or institutional practice. Participants: Participants included 214 postmenopausal women with low areal BMD. Intervention: The intervention included odanacatib 50 mg or placebo weekly. Main Outcome Measures: Changes in areal BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (primary end point, 1 year areal BMD change at lumbar spine), bone turnover markers, volumetric BMD by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and bone strength estimated by finite element analysis were measured. Results: Year 1 lumbar spine areal BMD percent change from baseline was 3.5% greater with odanacatib than placebo (P &lt; .001). Bone-resorption marker C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen was significantly lower with odanacatib vs placebo at 6 months and 2 years (P &lt; .001). Bone-formation marker procollagen I N-terminal peptide initially decreased with odanacatib but by 2 years did not differ from placebo. After 6 months, odanacatib-treated women had greater increases in trabecular volumetric BMD and estimated compressive strength at the spine and integral and trabecular volumetric BMD and estimated strength at the hip (P &lt; .001). At the cortical envelope of the femoral neck, bone mineral content, thickness, volume, and cross-sectional area also increased from baseline with odanacatib vs placebo (P &lt; .001 at 24 months). Adverse experiences were similar between groups. Conclusions: Over 2 years, odanacatib decreased bone resorption, maintained bone formation, increased areal and volumetric BMD, and increased estimated bone strength at both the hip and spine.

scholarly journals Low Magnesium Exacerbates Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Hua Huang ◽  
Fu-Chou Cheng ◽  
Hsu-Chen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Serum

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of serum Mg on bone mineral metabolism in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with or without diabetes. A total of 56 CKD patients not receiving dialysis were recruited and divided into two groups, one group of 27 CKD patients with diabetes and another group of 29 CKD patients without diabetes. Biochemical determinations were made, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum Mg was inversely correlated with serum CaP=0.023and positively correlated with serum parathyroid hormone (PTH)P=0.020, alkaline phosphataseP=0.044, and phosphateP=0.040in the CKD patients with diabetes. The CKD patients with diabetes had lower serum albumin and a higher proportion of hypomagnesemia and osteoporosis than the nondiabetic patients didP<0.05. Serum Mg was inversely correlated with eGFR in the CKD patients with or without diabetesP<0.05. Serum Mg showed an inverse correlation with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in CKD patients without diabetesP=0.006. Furthermore, the diabetic CKD patients with low serum Mg had a lower iPTHP=0.007and a higher serum Ca/Mg ratioP<0.001than the other CKD patients. The lower serum Mg subgroup showed a higher incidence of osteoporosis than the moderate and higher serum Mg subgroups did (66.7%, 39.4%, and 29.4%, resp.). In conclusion, low serum Mg may impact iPTH and exacerbates osteoporosis in CKD patients, particularly with diabetes.

scholarly journals Carbohydrates Alone or Mixing With Beef or Whey Protein Promote Similar Training Outcomes in Resistance Training Males: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Naclerio ◽  
Marcos Seijo ◽  
Eneko Larumbe-Zabala ◽  
Conrad P. Earnest
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
The Impact

Beef powder is a new high-quality protein source scarcely researched relative to exercise performance. The present study examined the impact of ingesting hydrolyzed beef protein, whey protein, and carbohydrate on strength performance (1RM), body composition (via plethysmography), limb circumferences and muscular thickness (via ultrasonography), following an 8-week resistance-training program. After being randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Beef, Whey, or Carbohydrate, twenty four recreationally physically active males (n = 8 per treatment) ingested 20 g of supplement, mixed with orange juice, once a day (immediately after workout or before breakfast). Post intervention changes were examined as percent change and 95% CIs. Beef (2.0%, CI, 0.2–2.38%) and Whey (1.4%, CI, 0.2–2.6%) but not Carbohydrate (0.0%, CI, -1.2–1.2%) increased fat-free mass. All groups increased vastus medialis thickness: Beef (11.1%, CI, 6.3–15.9%), Whey (12.1%, CI, 4.0, -20.2%), Carbohydrate (6.3%, CI, 1.9–10.6%). Beef (11.2%, CI, 5.9–16.5%) and Carbohydrate (4.5%, CI, 1.6–7.4%), but not Whey (1.1%, CI, -1.7–4.0%), increased biceps brachialis thickness, while only Beef increased arm (4.8%, CI, 2.3–7.3%) and thigh (11.2%, 95%CI 0.4–5.9%) circumferences. Although the three groups significantly improved 1RM Squat (Beef 21.6%, CI 5.5–37.7%; Whey 14.6%, CI, 5.9–23.3%; Carbohydrate 19.6%, CI, 2.2–37.1%), for the 1RM bench press the improvements were significant for Beef (15.8% CI 7.0–24.7%) and Whey (5.8%, CI, 1.7–9.8%) but not for carbohydrate (11.4%, CI, -0.9-23.6%). Protein-carbohydrate supplementation supports fat-free mass accretion and lower body hypertrophy. Hydrolyzed beef promotes upper body hypertrophy along with similar performance outcomes as observed when supplementing with whey isolate or maltodextrin.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF BONE TISSUE IN THE WORKING VIBRATION THREATENING OCCUPATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Sukhova ◽  
E. N. Kryuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Vibration Disease

Introduction. Vibration in conjunction with an unfavorable microclimate and physical stress, acting on mining workers, can lead to the development of pathology of the musculoskeletal system with the violation of bone metabolism and the formation of the osteopenic syndrome. The results of epidemiological studies indicate a high prevalence of osteoporosis among persons of working age. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of the general and local vibration on the state of bone remodeling processes in workers of vibration-hazardous occupations. Material and methods. Two groups of patients with vibration disease were examined. The first group consisted of 53 cases working in the contact with local vibration. The second group included 52 workers exposed to combined effects of the general and local vibration. The condition of the osteoarticular apparatus was determined by means of by X-ray examination and ultrasonic osteodensitometry. Laboratory studies included the evaluation of indices of mineral metabolism and bone tissue metabolism. Results. Osteochondrosis of the spine was revealed in 54.7% and 69.2%, osteopenia of the spine - 17.0% and 21.2%, arthrosis of the joints of the hands - 64.2% and 57.7% in the patients of the first and second groups, respectively. The prevalence rate of bone-dystrophic changes depends on the stage of the vibration disease and increases as the disease progresses. There were established interrelations of clinical functional and clinical laboratory indices with the trainee exposure of industrial vibration in terms of bone mineral density (T and Z criteria) (r = 0.56), biochemical markers of bone formation (r = -0.62-0.70) and bone resorption (r = 0.72-0.85). Biochemical markers of the osteopenic syndrome in the vibration disease are bone formation (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase) and bone resorption (ionized calcium, calcium/creatinine). Discussion. The obtained results served as a basis for developing a system of preventive measures of bone-dystrophic disorders in persons with vibration dangerous occupations.

scholarly journals Bone and Mineral Metabolism in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Petramala ◽  
Laura Zinnamosca ◽  
Amina Settevendemmie ◽  
Cristiano Marinelli ◽  
Matteo Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
The Impact

Primary aldosteronism represents major cause of secondary hypertension, strongly associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aldosterone excess may influence mineral homeostasis, through higher urinary calcium excretion inducing secondary increase of parathyroid hormone. Recently, in a cohort of PA patients a significant increase of primary hyperparathyroidism was found, suggesting a bidirectional functional link between the adrenal and parathyroid glands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of aldosterone excess on mineral metabolism and bone mass density. In 73 PA patients we evaluated anthropometric and biochemical parameters, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, calcium-phosphorus metabolism, and bone mineral density; control groups were 73 essential hypertension (EH) subjects and 40 healthy subjects. Compared to HS and EH, PA subjects had significantly lower serum calcium levels and higher urinary calcium excretion. Moreover, PA patients showed higher plasma PTH, lower serum 25(OH)-vitamin D levels, higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (65% versus 25% and 25%;P<0.001), and higher prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis (38.5 and 10.5%) than EH (28% and 4%) and NS (25% and 5%), respectively. This study supports the hypothesis that bone loss and fracture risk in PA patients are potentially the result of aldosterone mediated hypercalciuria and the consecutive secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document