scholarly journals Gender-Specific Alterations in Fibrin Structure Function in Type 2 Diabetes: Associations with Cardiometabolic and Vascular Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. E2282-E2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad H. Alzahrani ◽  
Katharina Hess ◽  
Jackie F. Price ◽  
Mark Strachan ◽  
Paul D. Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Vascular Markers ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Fibrin Structure

312-OR: Gender-Specific Effects on Hepatic Fat Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes before and after Remission

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 312-OR
Author(s):  
AHMAD AL-MRABEH ◽  
SHADEN MELHEM ◽  
SVIATLANA V. ZHYZHNEUSKAYA ◽  
CARL PETERS ◽  
ALISON C. BARNES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Gender Specific

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Goto-Kakizaki rat impairs microvascular function and contributes to premature skeletal muscle fatigue

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson C. Frisbee ◽  
Matthew T. Lewis ◽  
Jonathan D. Kasper ◽  
Paul D. Chantler ◽  
Robert W. Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
The Impact

Despite extensive investigation into the impact of metabolic disease on vascular function and, by extension, tissue perfusion and organ function, interpreting results for specific risk factors can be complicated by the additional risks present in most models. To specifically determine the impact of type 2 diabetes without obesity on skeletal muscle microvascular structure/function and on active hyperemia with elevated metabolic demand, we used 17-wk-old Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats to study microvascular function at multiple levels of resolution. Gracilis muscle arterioles demonstrated blunted dilation to acetylcholine (both ex vivo proximal and in situ distal arterioles) and elevated shear (distal arterioles only). All other alterations to reactivity appeared to reflect compromised endothelial function associated with increased thromboxane (Tx)A2 production and oxidant stress/inflammation rather than alterations to vascular smooth muscle function. Structural changes to the microcirculation of GK rats were confined to reduced microvessel density of ~12%, with no evidence for altered vascular wall mechanics. Active hyperemia with either field stimulation of in situ cremaster muscle or electrical stimulation via the sciatic nerve for in situ gastrocnemius muscle was blunted in GK rats, primarily because of blunted functional dilation of skeletal muscle arterioles. The blunted active hyperemia was associated with impaired oxygen uptake (V̇o2) across the muscle and accelerated muscle fatigue. Acute interventions to reduce oxidant stress (TEMPOL) and TxA2 action (SQ-29548) or production (dazmegrel) improved muscle perfusion, V̇o2, and muscle performance. These results suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus in GK rats impairs skeletal muscle arteriolar function apparently early in the progression of the disease and potentially via an increased reactive oxygen species/inflammation-induced TxA2 production/action on network function as a major contributing mechanism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on vascular structure/function remains an area lacking clarity. Using diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats before the development of other risk factors, we determined alterations to vascular structure/function and skeletal muscle active hyperemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus reduced arteriolar endothelium-dependent dilation associated with increased thromboxane A2 generation. Although modest microvascular rarefaction was evident, there were no other alterations to vascular structure/function. Skeletal muscle active hyperemia was blunted, although it improved after antioxidant or anti-thromboxane A2 treatment.

scholarly journals Interrelationship between micronutrients and cardiovascular structure and function in type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace W. M. Walters ◽  
Emma Redman ◽  
Gaurav S. Gulsin ◽  
Joseph Henson ◽  
Stavroula Argyridou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Structure

Abstract Micronutrients are important for normal cardiovascular function. They may play a role in the increased risk of cardiovascular disease observed in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T2D-related heart failure. The aims of this study were to (1) examine micronutrient status in people with T2D v. healthy controls; (2) assess any changes following a nutritionally complete meal replacement plan (MRP) compared with routine care; (3) determine if any changes were associated with changes in cardiovascular structure/function. This was a secondary analysis of data from a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end-point trial of people with T2D, with a nested case–control [NCT02590822]. Anthropometrics, cardiac resonance imaging and fasting blood samples (to quantify vitamins B1, B6, B12, D and C; and iron and ferritin) were collected at baseline and 12 weeks following the MRP or routine care. Comparative data in healthy controls were collected at baseline. A total of eighty-three people with T2D and thirty-six healthy controls were compared at baseline; all had micronutrient status within reference ranges. Vitamin B1 was higher (148⋅9 v. 131⋅7; P 0⋅01) and B6 lower (37⋅3 v. 52⋅9; P 0⋅01) in T2D v. controls. All thirty participants randomised to routine care and twenty-four to the MRP completed the study. There was an increase in vitamins B1, B6, D and C following the MRP, which were not associated with changes in cardiovascular structure/function. In conclusion, changes in micronutrient status following the MRP were not independently associated with improvements in cardiovascular structure/function in people with T2D.

scholarly journals Influence of gender on the distribution of type 2 diabetic complications at the obafemi awolowo teaching hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-307
Author(s):  
Adenike Enikuomehin ◽  
Babatope A Kolawole ◽  
Olubukunmi D Soyoye ◽  
Joseph O Adebayo ◽  
Rosemary T Ikem
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Gender Specific Differences ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Gender Specific

Background: Sex specific differences appear particularly relevant in the management of type 2 DM. Objective: We determined gender specific differences in cardio-metabolic risk, microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Four hundred type 2 diabetes patients, males and females, matched for age and disease duration were recruited from the diabetes clinic. Relevant clinical and laboratory information were obtained or performed. Results: 190(47.5%) were male and 210 (52.5%) were female respectively. The mean age of the study population was 60.6 + 9.93 years. Women had higher prevalence of hypertension (and obesity. Mean total cholesterol was significantly higher in women but men were more likely to achieve LDL treatment goals than women (69.5% vs 59.0%, p<0.05). More women (47.1% & 31.4%) reached glycaemic goals of <10mmol/l for 2HPP and HBA1c of <7.0%. There were no gender differences in the distribution of microvascular and macrovascular complications (p>0.05) but women were more likely to develop moderate and severe diabetic retinopathy (p= 0.027). Conclusion: Women with T2DM had worse cardiometabolic risk profile with regards to hypertension, obesity and lipid goals. Men achieved therapeutic goals less frequently than did women in terms of glycaemia. Microvascular and macrovascular com- plications occurred commonly in both sexes. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; gender; microvascular; macrovascular complication; cardiometabolic risks; glycaemic control. 

scholarly journals Sex Difference Impacts on the Relationship between Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and Type 2 Diabetes

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Valentina Rosta ◽  
Alessandro Trentini ◽  
Angelina Passaro ◽  
Giovanni Zuliani ◽  
Juana Maria Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific

Type-2 diabetes (T2D) and its cardiovascular complications are related to sex. Increasing evidence suggests that paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, an antioxidant enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), is implicated in the onset and clinical progression of T2D. Since we previously showed that PON1 is a sexual dimorphic protein, we now investigated whether sex might impact the relationship between PON1 and this chronic disease. To address this aim, we assessed PON1 activity in the sera of 778 patients, including controls (women, n = 383; men, n = 198) and diabetics (women, n = 79; men = 118). PON1 activity decreased in both women and men with T2D compared with controls (p < 0.05 and p > 0.001, respectively), but the change was 50% larger in the female cohort. In line with this result, the enzyme activity was associated with serum glucose level only in women (r = −0.160, p = 0.002). Notably, only within this gender category, lower PON1 activity was independently associated with increased odds of being diabetic (odds ratio (95% Confidence interval: 2.162 (1.075–5.678)). In conclusion, our study suggests that PON1-deficiency in T2D is a gender-specific phenomenon, with women being more affected than men. This could contribute to the partial loss of female cardiovascular advantage associated with T2D.

The absence of gender specific of KCNJ11 E23K variant with risk of type 2 diabetes in a population in Iran, Guilan

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. S299
Author(s):  
Ghasemi Malaeke ◽  
Keshavarz Parvaneh ◽  
Habibi Razieh ◽  
Hedayati emami Mohammad Hassan ◽  
Kazemnejad Ehsan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gender Specific

Gender-specific effects of oral hypoglycaemic agents on cancer risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. C. Sun ◽  
B. J. Wells ◽  
K. Yip ◽  
R. Zimmerman ◽  
D. Raghavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents ◽  
Hypoglycaemic Agents ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Gender Specific

Work Stress, Obesity and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Gender-Specific Bidirectional Effect in the Whitehall II Study

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros M. Heraclides ◽  
Tarani Chandola ◽  
Daniel R. Witte ◽  
Eric J. Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Gender Specific
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