scholarly journals Association of α2-Heremans-Schmid Glycoprotein Polymorphisms with Subclinical Atherosclerosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison B. Lehtinen ◽  
Kathryn P. Burdon ◽  
Joshua P. Lewis ◽  
Carl D. Langefeld ◽  
Julie T. Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Calcified Plaque ◽  
Ahsg Gene

Abstract Context: Cardiovascular disease is significantly increased in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially in the presence of calcified atherosclerotic plaque. Fetuin A is an important mineralization inhibitor, and polymorphisms in the corresponding α2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG) gene have been shown to be associated with serum fetuin A levels and free phosphate levels, as well as cardiovascular disease death. Objective: This study investigated whether polymorphisms in AHSG contribute to the development of calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary and carotid arteries and to carotid artery intima-media thickness. Design: Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AHSG were genotyped and evaluated for association with quantitative measures of subclinical atherosclerosis. Participants: Subjects were 829 T2DM-affected European Americans from 368 families in the Diabetes Heart Study. Main Outcome Measures: Participants were phenotyped for cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis traits. The extent of coronary artery calcified plaque (CorCP) and carotid artery calcified plaque (CarCP) was measured using quantitative computed tomography, and carotid artery intima-media thickness was measured using high-resolution B mode ultrasonography. Results: Four SNPs in AHSG were nominally associated with CorCP in European Americans with T2DM (P < 0.05). Two 3-SNP haplotypes in the exon 6–7 region were associated with CorCP in European Americans with T2DM (P < 0.06). Conclusions: Sequence variants in the AHSG gene affect the extent of CorCP in T2DM-affected European Americans, consistent with the known biological role of AHSG in vascular calcification. These data implicate AHSG in the development of vascular calcified plaque in diabetic subjects.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Portilla-Fernández ◽  
Shih-Jen Hwang ◽  
Rory Wilson ◽  
Jane Maddock ◽  
W. David Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness

AbstractCommon carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an index of subclinical atherosclerosis that is associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD). We undertook a cross-sectional epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of measures of cIMT in 6400 individuals. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate the potential causal role of DNA methylation in the link between atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT or clinical cardiovascular disease. The CpG site cg05575921 was associated with cIMT (beta = −0.0264, p value = 3.5 × 10–8) in the discovery panel and was replicated in replication panel (beta = −0.07, p value = 0.005). This CpG is located at chr5:81649347 in the intron 3 of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene (AHRR). Our results indicate that DNA methylation at cg05575921 might be in the pathway between smoking, cIMT and stroke. Moreover, in a region-based analysis, 34 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified of which a DMR upstream of ALOX12 showed the strongest association with cIMT (p value = 1.4 × 10–13). In conclusion, our study suggests that DNA methylation may play a role in the link between cardiovascular risk factors, cIMT and clinical cardiovascular disease.

Validation of an Automated Computerized Analyzing System for Measuring Common Carotid Artery Intima–Media Thickness by Brightness Mode Ultrasound

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmuth F. Fritz ◽  
Roy V. Jutzy ◽  
Ramesh Bansal ◽  
Linda Housten-Feenstra
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Accuracy Analysis ◽  
Electronic Instrument ◽  
Carotid Ultrasound ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Mean

Background and Purpose Evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis by B-mode carotid ultrasound intima–media thickness (IMT) is an endorsed technique whose ease and precision is improved by use of automated IMT measurement algorithms. We report results of a validation study of SonoCalc, an automated IMT software program. Methods Three vascular sonographers measured the mean common carotid artery IMT twice of 120 near and far wall CCA segments from 30 subjects by manual electronic instrument calipers and with SonoCalc. Results Accuracy analysis indicated the equivalence of SonoCalc IMT measurements to those with manual electronic instrument calipers ( p < 0.0001). The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated for each set of duplicate SonoCalc and manual electronic instrument calipers measurements. The average SonoCalc-manual electronic instrument calipers CV differences significantly favored SonoCalc ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the use of the SonoCalc and the manual electronic instrument calipers produced measurements whose differences were statistically insignificant. Furthermore, the analysis to assess reproducibility of the two methods showed that the SonoCalc method was significantly more reproducible than the manual electronic instrument calipers methods.

scholarly journals Serum Fasting Non-esterified Fatty Acids and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1043-1043
Author(s):  
Neil Huang ◽  
Petra Bůžková ◽  
Nirupa Matthan ◽  
Luc Djoussé ◽  
Jorge Kizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Linoelaidic Acid

Abstract Objectives Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been used as an early indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis. Multiple studies have identified significant associations between plasma total non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations and risk factors associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between CIMT and serum NEFA is less clear. We hypothesized fasting serum total, individual saturated, and trans NEFA are positively associated with, and individual monounsaturated, n-6 polyunsaturated (PUFA) and n-3 PUFA NEFA are inversely associated with, CIMT. Methods We investigated the associations between fasting serum NEFA, and CIMT assessed in 1998–1999 among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants (N = 1,569) not taking anti-diabetic medication. A total of 35 individual NEFAs were measured in stored specimens from 1996–1997 using gas chromatography. CIMT was determined using ultrasound images, and was defined as the sum of the maximum common CIMT at the far wall divided by its standard deviation (SD) and the maximum internal CIMT at the far wall divided by its SD. At baseline, mean age was 77.3 ± 4.2, body mass index (BMI) was 26.8 ± 4.3 and 64% were female. Associations were assessed by linear regression, with adjustments for other individual NEFAs, age, sex, race, field center, education, smoking, BMI, physical activity, alcohol consumption, eGFR, serum albumin, hyperglycemia, hypertension, use of anti-hypertensive, statin, and other lipid-lowering drugs. Results In adjusted models per SD increment, linoelaidic acid (trans18:2) was positively associated with CIMT [β (95% confidence interval): 10.4 (0.99, 19.8), P = 0.03], and α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) was marginally associated with lower CIMT [−21.2 (−42.6, 0.2), P = 0.05]. No significant associations were observed between total NEFAs or any other individual NEFAs (SFA, MUFA, and n-6 PUFA) and CIMT. Conclusions In this large community-based cohort of older adults, higher concentration of linoelaidic acid was positively associated with CIMT, suggesting the importance of partially hydrogenated fat in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis in older adults. Overall, however, serum fasting NEFAs were largely unrelated to subclinical atherosclerosis in CHS participants. Funding Sources NIH, NHLBI, USDA.

The Variation in Cholesterol and Triglycerides Levels and the Risk for Stroke in First Degree Relatives of Stroke Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 3068-3071
Author(s):  
Cristina Grosu ◽  
Alexandra Mastaleru ◽  
Victor Vlad Costan ◽  
Otilia Nita ◽  
Maria Magdalena Leon Constantin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Stroke Group

Cerebrovascular diseases have become a leading cause of mortality and major invalidity throughout the world in the last years. The levels of cholesterol and triglycerides are among the modifiable risk factors for stroke. The intima media thickness (IMT) is a very good marker for subclinical atherosclerosis and also for predicting future cardio- and cerebrovascular events. The aim of this study was to determine correlations between the lipid profile and the value of the intima media thickness as a risk factor for stroke in first degree relatives of stroke patients. We evaluated a total of 176 subjects, selected by well defined criteria, divided into three groups: stroke patients, first degree relatives of stroke patients and a healthy control group. We measured weight, height and body mass index, the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, and IMT by cervical ultrasound mode B, at the common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) bilaterally. The mean values of lipids were in the normal range. However, in the stroke group, both cholesterol and triglyceride levels were increased compared to the other groups. The triglycerides level positively correlated with IMT in the CCA in both control and stroke patients, but this was not the case for cholesterol levels. Also, the increase in IMT in stroke patients correlated with an increase in IMT of their relatives. Further research is needed in order to elaborate a screening algorithm for primary prevention of stroke in first degree relatives of stroke patients.

scholarly journals Associations of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) With Risk Factors and Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1759-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Polak ◽  
Michael J. Pencina ◽  
Allison Meisner ◽  
Karol M. Pencina ◽  
Lisa S. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness
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