scholarly journals Central Fat Excess in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Relation to Low-Grade Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 6014-6021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jardena J. Puder ◽  
Sabina Varga ◽  
Marius Kraenzlin ◽  
Christian De Geyter ◽  
Ulrich Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Central Fat ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Low-Grade Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Controversies and New Insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Mancini ◽  
Carmine Bruno ◽  
Edoardo Vergani ◽  
Claudia d’Abate ◽  
Elena Giacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

The pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is quite complex and different mechanisms could contribute to hyperandrogenism and anovulation, which are the main features of the syndrome. Obesity and insulin-resistance are claimed as the principal factors contributing to the clinical presentation; in normal weight PCOS either, increased visceral adipose tissue has been described. However, their role is still debated, as debated are the biochemical markers linked to obesity per se. Oxidative stress (OS) and low-grade inflammation (LGI) have recently been a matter of researcher attention; they can influence each other in a reciprocal vicious cycle. In this review, we summarize the main mechanism of radical generation and the link with LGI. Furthermore, we discuss papers in favor or against the role of obesity as the first pathogenetic factor, and show how OS itself, on the contrary, can induce obesity and insulin resistance; in particular, the role of GH-IGF-1 axis is highlighted. Finally, the possible consequences on vitamin D synthesis and activation on the immune system are briefly discussed. This review intends to underline the key role of oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in the physiopathology of PCOS, they can cause or worsen obesity, insulin-resistance, vitamin D deficiency, and immune dyscrasia, suggesting an inverse interaction to what is usually considered.

Source and amount of carbohydrate in the diet and inflammation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Paolo Marzullo ◽  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Carolina Di Somma ◽  
Massimo Scacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

AbstractHigh carbohydrate intake and low-grade inflammation cooperate with insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism to constitute an interactive continuum acting on the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age characterised by oligo-anovulatory infertility and cardiometabolic disorders. The role of insulin in PCOS is pivotal both in regulating the activity of ovarian and liver enzymes, respectively involved in androgen production and in triggering low-grade inflammation usually reported to be associated with an insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and cardiometabolic diseases. Although an acute hyperglycaemia induced by oral glucose loading may increase inflammation and oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species through different mechanisms, the postprandial glucose increment, commonly associated with the Western diet, represents the major contributor of chronic sustained hyperglycaemia and pro-inflammatory state. Together with hyperinsulinaemia, hyperandrogenism and low-grade inflammation, unhealthy diet should be viewed as a key component of the ‘deadly quartet’ of metabolic risk factors associated with PCOS pathophysiology. The identification of a tight diet–inflammation–health association makes the adoption of healthy nutritional approaches a primary preventive and therapeutic tool in women with PCOS, weakening insulin resistance and eventually promoting improvements of reproductive life and endocrine outcomes. The intriguing nutritional–endocrine connections operating in PCOS underline the role of expert nutritionists in the management of this syndrome. The aim of the present review is to provide an at-a-glance overview of the possible bi-directional mechanisms linking inflammation, androgen excess and carbohydrate intake in women with PCOS.

The Emerging Role of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in the Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soulmaz Shorakae ◽  
Helena Teede ◽  
Barbora de Courten ◽  
Gavin Lambert ◽  
Jacqueline Boyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Indices of Low-Grade Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 1092 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DIAMANTI-KANDARAKIS ◽  
T. PATERAKIS ◽  
H. A. KANDARAKIS
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

The relationship between follistatin and chronic low-grade inflammation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 2041-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Jou Chen ◽  
Hsin-Fu Chen ◽  
Shee-Uan Chen ◽  
Hong-Nerng Ho ◽  
Yu-Shih Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Relationship
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