Electromagnetic Waves and X-Rays

2017 ◽  
pp. 3-26
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
X Rays

A novel image storage sensor using photostimulated luminescence in SrS:Eu,Sm phosphor for electromagnetic waves such as X-rays, UV-rays and visible light

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehito Nanto ◽  
Yoshiaki Hirai ◽  
Mitsuo Ikeda ◽  
Mitsuteru Kadota ◽  
Jun-ichi Nishishita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Photostimulated Luminescence ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Image Storage ◽  
Uv Rays

scholarly journals Multispectral electromagnetic shielding using ultra-thin metal-metal oxide decorated hybrid nanofiber membranes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayong He ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Aamir Iqbal ◽  
Yuying Ma ◽  
Xiaofeng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Metal Metal

AbstractLightweight shielding materials that can protect devices against undesirable multispectral electromagnetic waves are critical in electronic, medical, military, and aerospace applications. However, the existing shielding materials are heavyweight and work only in a narrow frequency-range. In this work, we developed metal–metal oxide Ag-WO3 decorated polymeric nanofiber hybrid membranes with versatile multispectral electromagnetic shielding abilities for practical applications. The Ag-WO3 hybrid provides multiple functions, such as excellent metallic conductivity provided by silver, high photoelectric effect and low thermal conductivity arising from the high atomic number in WO3, and strong infrared energy absorbing capability caused by a designed Schottky barrier interface between Ag and WO3. Additionally, the nanofibrous hybrid membrane structure provides high surface area, good air permeability, and robust mechanical strength and durability. These highly conductive, lightweight, ultrathin, and flexible membranes exhibit efficient microwave electromagnetic interference shielding of 92.3 dB at a thickness of ~42 μm in 8–26.5 GHz frequency range, 0.75–0.5 emissivity for near- to far-field infrared bands, and 32.03% attenuation for X-rays of 30 keV at 0.24 mm thickness, indicating their potential for shielding against large-scale multispectral electromagnetic waves from low-frequency microwaves to high-frequency X-rays.

6. Electromagnetic waves

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-99
Author(s):  
Mike Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

‘Electromagnetic waves’ considers the history of the scientific investigation into the electromagnetic spectrum, including Einstein’s insight into the quantized nature of electromagnetic radiation. It explains that the only difference between light, radio waves, and all the other forms of electromagnetic radiation is the length of the fictitious-but-convenient waves or, equivalently, the energy of the photons involved. These different energies lead to different mechanisms for the formation and absorption of the different kinds of radiation, and it is this which gives rise to their different behaviours. Radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays are all discussed.

Principles of Microwave Radiation

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. CURNUTTE
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Ultra Violet Radiation ◽  
Transmission And Absorption

Microwaves, such as those used in cooking and processing food, are part of the broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation which includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultra-violet radiation, x-rays and Gamma rays. Electromagnetic radiation has a dual nature, it is both wave-like and particle-like. An understanding of this dual nature of electromagnetic radiation is necessary for an understanding of the processes of emission, transmission and absorption of microwaves, which is in turn necessary for understanding the processes and phenomena which are important in the use of microwave radiation as a source of energy for heating and food processing. The properties of electromagnetic waves and the processes of emission. transmission and absorption are described and some effects in microwave-heating applications are discussed.

scholarly journals Tesla’s high voltage and high frequency generators with oscillatory circuits

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-333
Author(s):  
Jovan Cvetic
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Standing Waves ◽  
X Rays ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Frequency Generator ◽  
High Frequency Generator

The principles that represent the basics of the work of the high voltage and high frequency generator with oscillating circuits will be discussed. Until 1891, Tesla made and used mechanical generators with a large number of extruded poles for the frequencies up to about 20 kHz. The first electric generators based on a new principle of a weakly coupled oscillatory circuits he used for the wireless signal transmission, for the study of the discharges in vacuum tubes, the wireless energy transmission, for the production of the cathode rays, that is x-rays and other experiments. Aiming to transfer the signals and the energy to any point of the surface of the Earth, in the late of 19th century, he had discovered and later patented a new type of high frequency generator called a magnifying transmitter. He used it to examine the propagation of electromagnetic waves over the surface of the Earth in experiments in Colorado Springs in the period 1899-1900. Tesla observed the formation of standing electromagnetic waves on the surface of the Earth by measuring radiated electric field from distant lightning thunderstorm. He got the idea to generate the similar radiation to produce the standing waves. On the one hand, signal transmission, i.e. communication at great distances would be possible and on the other hand, with more powerful and with at least three magnifying transmitters the wireless transmission of energy without conductors at any point of the Earth surface could also be achieved. The discovery of the standing waves on the surface of the Earth and the invention of the magnifying transmitter he claimed his greatest inventions. Less than two years later, at the end of 1901, he designed and started to build a much stronger magnifying transmitter on Long Island near New York City (the Wardenclyffe tower) wishing to become a world telecommunication center. During the tower construction, he elaborated the plans for an even stronger transmitter based on new principles. Due to lack of the funds Tesla was forced to sell or to return the devices and apparatus, he gathered in the Wardenclyffe tower facility, which intended to use to operate the tower. He left the tower in 1907 and since then he was mainly engaged in inventions that were not directly related to the electrical engineering. The unfinished magnifying transmitter on Long Island was demolished in June 1917 by the American government.

scholarly journals Study of the effect of electromagnetic field and radiation on the intensification of brewi ng processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3(58)) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Vasilij Sidor ◽  
Svitlana Usatiuk ◽  
Olena Tyshchenko ◽  
Iryna Baranovska
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Barley Malt ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The object of research is the enzymatic preparations Termamil and San-Super, malt and yeast. One of the most problematic places is that the action of the magnetic field and radiation can both stimulate the amylase activity of barley malt and cause its deactivation. During the study, a certain number of electrophysical factors were used, namely: laser radiation, which was carried out using a helium-neon laser, ultraviolet radiation – using a nitrogen gas laser, X-rays, a constant uniform magnetic field, ultrasound. Results have been obtained that confirm the positive effect of the magnetic field on the activation of the amyloletic activity of concentrated preparations. A study was also conducted in accordance with the effect of electromagnetic waves on the activation of enzymes in barley and wheat malt, which showed a positive effect. This is ensured by the fact that in the course of the study, thanks to experiments, the best duration of irradiation with electromagnetic waves and different types of radiation for enzyme preparations, malt and yeast was found. These methods have a number of features. This is the availability of the appropriate equipment and knowledge of the individual types of rays, magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves, and their potential effects on enzymes, as well as control of the exposure time and magnetic field load. Due to the action of electromagnetic waves and radiation, for a certain amount of time, it is possible to obtain an increased activity of enzymatic preparations. Compared to the fermentative preparations Termamil and San-Super, malt and yeast, which are not susceptible to the load of magnetic fields, electromagnetic waves and various types of radiation, the fermentative preparations Termamil and San-Super, malt and yeast, which were susceptible to the action of electromagnetic waves, as well as radiation show increased activity of action. At the same time, these preparations reduce the amount of costs and increase the yield of finished products, which will serve as a positive aspect for the economic sphere of the enterprise.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF X-RAY AND MICROWAVE RADIATION ON DEAMINATION OF PURINE NUCLEOTIDES IN YEAST CELLS CANDIDA GUILLIERMONDII NP-4

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Seda V. Marutyan ◽  
Gayane H. Petrosyan ◽  
Syuzan A. Marutyan ◽  
Liparit A. Navasardyan ◽  
Armen H. Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Purine Nucleotides ◽  
Nucleotide Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Salvage Pathways

In metabolism of living cells a key role play purine nucleotides which cells can be supplied either by de novo synthesis from lower molecular weight precursors, or by alternate ways of nucleotide synthesis or so-called "nucleotide salvage pathways", which allow reusing of intermediate products of nucleotide metabolism in nucleotide synthesis. This way is important in the post-stress repair period, saving energy and substrates in the repairing cells. Purine nucleotides are allosteric inhibitors of enzymes of nucleotide salvage pathways, therefore the increase in their catabolism leads to a decrease of their amount in the cells, which contributes to the intensive work of the nucleotide salvage pathways and provides substrates for DNA synthesis. Investigation of deamination of purine nucleotides in yeasts Candida guilliermondii NP-4 irradiated with X-rays, millimeter and decimeter electromagnetic waves, as well as after post-radiation incubation of cells has been realized. It has been shown that under the influence of X-ray and microwave irradiation in yeasts, the intensity of deamination of purine nucleotide-polyphosphates - ADP, ATP, GDF and GTP, has changed, which in all probability is an adaptive mechanism in the repair of yeasts after irradiation, provides the work of nucleotide salvage pathways, and can be associated with the metabolism of these compounds.

scholarly journals Rethinking ‘Classical Physics’

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Gooday ◽  
Daniel Jon Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Classical Physics ◽  
Experimental Physics ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Comparative Case Studies

This article discusses the reasons for rethinking ‘classical physics’, building upon Richard Staley’s historical enquiry into the origins of the distinction between ‘classical’ and ‘modern physics’. In particular, it challenges Staley’s thesis that ‘classical’ and ‘modern physics’ were invented simultaneously by Max Planck at the Solvay conference in 1911, arguing instead that the emergence of these notions took place separately over a period that reached as late as the 1930s. The article first considers how the identification of the ether as a key feature of classical physics has drawn historians’ attention towards its changing metaphysical fortunes during the nineteenth century. It then describes the connections between physics and industry that are obscured by the theoretical bias of any dichotomy between ‘classical’ and ‘modern physics’. Finally, it highlights continuity in the field of French experimental physics by focusing on three comparative case studies dealing with electrocapillarity, electromagnetic waves, and X-rays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document