Associations Between Eating Frequency, Adiposity, Diet, and Activity in 9–10-Year-Old Healthy-Weight and Centrally Obese Children

2015 ◽  
pp. 135-152 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Eating Frequency

scholarly journals Associations Between Eating Frequency, Adiposity, Diet, and Activity in 9-10 year old Healthy-Weight and Centrally Obese Children

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1462-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Jennings ◽  
Aedín Cassidy ◽  
Esther M.F. van Sluijs ◽  
Simon J. Griffin ◽  
Ailsa A. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Eating Frequency

Heart Rate Recovery in Healthy-Weight and Obese Children Following a Maximal Graded Exercise Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Easley ◽  
W. Scott Black ◽  
Alison L. Bailey ◽  
Terry Lennie ◽  
Kelly D. Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

Abstract MP018: Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Evidence for a Displacement Effect on Sedentary Behaviour

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katya M Herman ◽  
Gilles Paradis ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
Jennifer O'Loughlin ◽  
Angelo Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Displacement Effect

Background: Sedentary behaviour has detrimental health consequences, distinct from those of physical inactivity. An individual can be both highly active and highly sedentary: While the displacement hypothesis proposes that time spent active displaces time that would otherwise be spent sedentary, the compensation hypothesis suggests that increased physical activity (PA) may be associated with increased sedentary behaviour (SED) in non-active time. Objectives: The aim was to assess whether higher levels of childhood participation in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) are associated with higher levels of SED, or whether time spent in SED is displaced by higher levels of MVPA. Methods: Participants were 290 boys and 245 girls aged 8–10 years in the QUebec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth (QUALITY) study. PA and SED were assessed by accelerometer over a 1-week period (SED ≤ 100 cpm, MVPA ≥ 2296 cpm), and quantified as mean time spent per day. Total PA was the sum of light PA + MVPA. Self-reported data included sports participation (number of teams), television viewing and computer/video game use (hours/day). Spearman correlations and multiple linear regression (adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, Tanner stage, parental education, accelerometer wear-time) were used to assess associations between PA and SED variables. Results: Higher MVPA and VPA were negatively correlated with SED (r=−0.44 and −0.35; p<0.001), and positively correlated with total PA (r=0.58 and 0.45; p<0.001). SED was negatively correlated with TPA (r=−0.65, p<0.001). Only weak correlations were found between MVPA and sports participation, the latter not associated with SED. MVPA and VPA were not significantly correlated with TV, computer/video or total screen time; objectively measured SED was only weakly associated with specific sedentary behaviours. On average, for each additional 10 minutes of MVPA, children spent 14 minutes less in SED, or for each additional 5 minutes of VPA, 10 minutes less in SED. Associations were stronger in overweight/obese children compared to healthy weight children. Conclusions: Higher levels of MVPA in children displace SED, and are also associated with higher total PA over and above the additional amount of MVPA. The SED displacement benefits of higher MVPA may be greatest in overweight/obese children. Public health strategies should focus on both increasing PA and decreasing SED as essential targets to improve overall PA in children.

scholarly journals Atopy and pulmonary function among healthy‐weight and overweight/obese children with asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Lara Farhat ◽  
Gabriele Vos ◽  
Aliva De ◽  
Diana S. Lee ◽  
Deepa Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Children With Asthma

scholarly journals Fine and gross motor skills differ between healthy-weight and obese children

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 4043-4051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Gentier ◽  
Eva D’Hondt ◽  
Sarah Shultz ◽  
Benedicte Deforche ◽  
Mireille Augustijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Skills

scholarly journals Identifying and intervening for childhood obesity in paediatric outpatient settings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Ellis ◽  
Angela Bartley ◽  
Alexander Nicholas Allen ◽  
Michael Clift ◽  
Ronelle Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Paediatric Outpatient ◽  
Outpatient Settings ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obese children attending a paediatric outpatient clinic and explore opportunities and barriers for staff to raise the issue of healthy weight families. Methods: A retrospective review of children’s outpatient clinic notes in a hospital in London, UK during one week was undertaken to collate height and weight measurements and calculate (Body-Mass-Index) BMI centile. Qualitative interviews were conducted with staff to explore attitudes and opportunities to discuss weight Results: Of children included (n=236) Two fifths (41.1%, n=97) had height and weight recorded. BMI centile was calculated for 79.4% of those (n=77). A quarter (26% [95% CI: 13-30%], n=20) were overweight (>91st centile) or obese (>98th centile). Nursing staff reported that the period taking height and weight measurements was not a good opportunity to raise the issue of weight, due to lack of time, lack of knowledge of patient’s medical history and not having BMI centile available. Conclusion: Over one in four children attending the paediatric clinic were overweight or obese. Nursing staff need support and training to feel confident to incorporate discussions around healthy weight into their role and to make the most of opportunities to make every contact count.

Elevated Circulating Tissue Factor Procoagulant Activity, Factor VII, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and VCAM-1 in Childhood Obesity: Evidence of a Procoagulant State and Endothelial Dysfunction?,

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 3338-3338
Author(s):  
Anamika Singh ◽  
Jay Gunawardana ◽  
Tara Alexis McCoy ◽  
Tina Nguyen ◽  
Stephanie Vander Veur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

Abstract Abstract 3338 Childhood obesity is increasing in prevalence and associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and coronary disease. Adult obesity and T2DM are associated with alterations in the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. Tissue Factor (TF) is the principal initiator of blood coagulation and is both prothrombotic and proinflammatory. In mouse models of obesity, TF and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 genes are upregulated. We tested the hypothesis that childhood obesity is associated with elevated levels of circulating TF and markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and endothelial dysfunction. Forty-seven children were recruited and classified based on Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile (CDC growth curves) as underweight (≤5th percentile; n=1), healthy weight (>5–84.9th percentile; n=22), overweight (≥85%-94.9th percentile; n=3) and obese (≥95th percentile; n=21). We compared the findings in 21 obese children (10.1±1.5 years, mean age ± SD) and 22 healthy weight children (9.9±1.6 years). Circulating membrane bound TF procoagulant activity (TF-PCA), measured in whole blood lysates by a two-stage clotting assay (Key et al, Blood;1998:91), was elevated in obese compared to healthy weight children (60.6±32.5 vs 34.0±13.5 U/ml, mean ± SD, p=0.005). TF-PCA levels in obese children were comparable to levels observed by us in adults with T2DM (69.5±11.5; n=18). Plasma factor (F) VIIC (1.00±0.20 vs 0.90±0.20 U/ml; p=0.03) was elevated in obese group. Plasma FVIIa, FVIII, TF antigen, fibrinogen, and thrombin-antithrombin III, and microparticles (MP) were not different between groups. In fibrinolytic system, plasma PAI-1 was elevated in obese group (37.3±18.0 vs 25.6±15.0 ng/ml; p=0.03), and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen (6.7±3.4 vs 5.1±2.0 ng/ml, p=0.07) showed a similar trend. Endothelial markers, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1; 709.2±444.5 vs 526.5±184.8 ng/ml; p=0.05) and von-Willebrand Factor (VWF; 1057.4±139.8 vs 987.9±130.8 mU/ml; p=0.07) showed a trend towards higher levels in obesity, suggesting endothelial dysfunction. BMI correlated with circulating TF-PCA (r=0.36; p=0.01), FVIIC (r=0.36; p=0.01), and PAI-1 (r=0.38; p=0.009). TF-PCA correlated with sVCAM-1 (r=0.36; p=0.01), suggesting a potential endothelial contribution to the circulating TF-PCA. Plasma FVIIa (r=−0.29; p=0.053) appeared to be inversely related to TF-PCA possibly related to removal of FVIIa from plasma by binding to membrane TF. There was an inverse relationship between MP and FVIII (r= −0.42; p=0.004) and VWF (r=−0.37; p=0.01), which may reflect binding of FVIII and vWF to microparticles. Conclusions: Obesity, even in children, causes a potential procoagulant state characterized by increased circulating TF-PCA, FVIIC and PAI-1, and is associated with evidence suggesting endothelial dysfunction. Elevated levels of endothelial markers have been shown to predict development of T2DM, and elevated FVIIC has been associated with carotid intima-media thickness in young adults. Overall, these alterations may be basis for the increased risk of cardiovascular disease now documented in childhood obesity as well. Larger studies are needed to define the effect of childhood obesity on the hemostatic systems and the impact of intervention with weight reduction on the observed changes. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Early excessive growth with distinct seasonality in preschool obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Isojima ◽  
Noriko Kato ◽  
Susumu Yokoya ◽  
Atsushi Ono ◽  
Toshiaki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
School Entry ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Longitudinal Measurements ◽  
Height Gain ◽  
Child Healthcare

ObjectivesHealthy-weight children tend to gain weight during winter but lose weight during summer. However, overweight elementary school children have shown accelerated summertime weight gain. Whether this seasonal growth variation occurs during preschool period is of substantial interest.MethodsData were derived from a nationwide retrospective cohort of nursery school children. Eight consecutive sets of longitudinal measurements on height and weight were obtained from 15 259 preschool children. Thereafter, growth in height, weight and body mass index (BMI) over a period of 6 months was calculated. Summertime growth was defined as that from April to October, whereas wintertime growth was defined as that from October to April of the following year. Longitudinal growth seasonality was analysed by classifying children according to their BMI status at the age of elementary school entry.ResultsAccelerated summertime weight and BMI gain were observed among children with obesity. This distinctive growth seasonality was detected from around age 2. Children having this growth seasonality at approximately 2 years of age tended to be obese at the age of elementary school entry (OR: 3.7; 95% CI: 2.9 to 4.6; p<0.0001). In height gain, obese children were growing apparently faster than those in the other groups at all ages.ConclusionEarly excessive growth with distinct seasonality was observed in preschool obese children. These findings suggest that individuals involved in child healthcare should pay closer attention to early excessive growth with distinct seasonality in preschool obesity.

Obesity Prevention Program in Childcare Centers: Two-Year Follow-Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby A. Natale ◽  
Sarah E. Messiah ◽  
Lila S. Asfour ◽  
Susan B. Uhlhorn ◽  
Nicole E. Englebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Slope ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Childcare Centers ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To assess the impact of an early childhood obesity prevention intervention “Healthy Caregivers–Healthy Children” (HC2) on dietary patterns and body mass index percentile (PBMI) over 2 school years. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Childcare centers. Participants: Low-income families. Intervention: Intervention centers (N = 12) received HC2 which consisted of (1) menu modifications, (2) a healthy eating and physical activity curriculum for children, and (3) a parent curriculum for healthy meal preparation, reinforced through a role-modeling curriculum. Control centers (N = 16) received an injury prevention/safety intervention. Measures: Child PBMI and parent report of child’s consumption of fruits/vegetables and unhealthy food. Analysis: Confirmatory factor analysis verified the psychometric properties of factor scores for children’s consumption of fruits/vegetables and unhealthy food. Growth curve analysis assessed the impact of HC2 on change in consumption of fruits/vegetables and unhealthy food and PBMI over 2 school years. Results: Children in the intervention group (n = 754) had a negative slope (β = −1.95, standard error [SE] = 0.97, P = .04), indicating less increase in PBMI versus control children (n = 457). Stratified analyses showed that obese children in the intervention arm had a significantly higher increase in fruit/vegetable consumption versus control group obese children (β = 0.24, SE = 0.08, P = .003). Conclusion: The HC2 intervention resulted in the maintenance of healthy PBMI over 2 preschool years among low-income multiethnic children. These findings support efforts to implement healthy weight programs in the childcare setting.

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