Managing of the agriculture water consumption to meet the environmental flows of the Lake Urmia during the droughts

2015 ◽  
pp. 461-466
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Lake Urmia ◽  
Agriculture Water

scholarly journals Farmers’ participation in Water User Association in western Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Gholamrezai ◽  
Fatemeh Sepahvand
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
User Association ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water User ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Agriculture Water

AbstractOne of the main challenges of water scarcity is the water consumption in the agriculture sector. Therefore, optimizing water consumption and applying an optimal management in the agriculture sector is necessary. The implementation of a participatory management of water resources in the rural areas and the creation of Water User Association (WUA) can be a successful approach towards this management. That requires the continuity of the management, the comprehensive participation of farmers, and the exploitation of water resources; however, this action needs to understand the factors affecting the behavior of consumers. Thus identifying the factors influencing farmers’ intentions towards participation in WUA is essential. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting farmers' intentions towards participation in water user association, by theory of planned behavior (TPB). There are 21 agriculture water pumping stations active in Lorestan Province. Farmers at each agriculture water pumping stations make up a Water User Association. The population of this study consisted of all WUAs in western Iran (N = 1990), and through a proportional stratified random sampling technique farmers were selected (N = 133) from the population. Moreover, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated at pre-test stage for different parts of the questionnaire ranging from 0.83 until 0.91. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 software. The results revealed that there were effective variables including subjective norm, attitude, and extension training courses which contributed to the importance of participation in the water management, and that the educational level of farmer was a controlled variable that could affect farmers' attitudes towards participating in Water User Association; these factors could explain 53% of farmers' participation totally.

Bioethanol water footprint: life cycle optimization for water reduction

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pongpinyopap ◽  
T. Mungcharoen
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Life Cycle Optimization ◽  
Agriculture Water

In Thailand, the Alternative Energy Development Plan has set the target to increase the use of bioethanol to 9.00 million liters per day by 2021. To achieve this goal, both freshwater availability for energy crops and best practices in bioethanol production chain management are very important issues. Therefore, this study integrates water footprint technique with the linear programing approach in order to optimize the operations decision, focusing on water footprint of the bioethanol production chains from both tactical and operational levels. A cradle-to-grave approach is adopted to evaluate the water consumption and pollution in bioethanol production from sugarcane and cassava. The results show that the water footprint of bioethanol consumed in Thailand was about 3.23 × 109, 1.72 × 1010, and 2.49 × 1010 m3 per year in 2010, 2016, and 2021, respectively. The share of agriculture water consumption to the total water footprints of bioethanol was 99% and industrial water consumption was 1%. After applying the linear programing, it was found that the water footprint could be reduced by at least 53%, or 1.33 × 1010 m3, annually. The modeling approach and formulation presented could be used as a tool to reduce water consumption and provide the operation plan of bioethanol production chain.

scholarly journals New Integrated Hydrologic Approach for the Assessment of Rivers Environmental Flows Into the Urmia Lake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mobadersani ◽  
Ali Hosseinzadeh Dalir ◽  
Mehdi Yasi ◽  
Hadi Arvanaghi ◽  
Mark Kennard
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Environmental Flow ◽  
Urmia Lake ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lake Urmia ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Environmental Requirement

Abstract In the conducted researches recently the greatest focus has been on the environmental water supplement of rivers individually and independently. However, in closed basins leading to lakes and wetlands, a comprehensive and integrated view of all rivers in the basin is required simultaneously. This has affected Lake Urmia, which is the second largest saltwater lake in the world. This lake has been in danger of drying up in recent years as a result of not allocating the required environmental flow due to the increase in water resources consumption in the agricultural sector and climate change. In this study, a method derived from the flow duration curve (FDC) shifting method is presented in addition to the possibility of providing the environmental flow of rivers leading to the lake that can make the least amount of change in the hydrological characteristics of rivers to provide the volume of required water by the ecosystem of lakes or downstream wetlands. This method is based on daily data of hydrometric stations and, unlike the conventional method, which presents the results on a monthly basis, it can calculate the amount of environmental requirement of rivers in real-time according to the upstream inlet of the river. This method has been used in the Urmia Lake basin and according to the results, it can provide the environmental requirement of lake by allocating 70.5% of the annual flow of rivers and save the lake and the ecosystem of the region from the current critical conditions.

scholarly journals Method for Environmental Flows Regulation and Early Warning with Remote Sensing and Land Cover Data

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1216
Author(s):  
Yuming Lu ◽  
Bingfang Wu ◽  
Nana Yan ◽  
Weiwei Zhu ◽  
Hongwei Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Land Cover Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

Environmental flows play a vital role in ecosystem and water resource management. The regulation and management of environmental flows can improve the function and stability of river and lake ecosystems. However, current methods for assessing environmental flows mainly emphasize water management, and there is no complete set of regulations or early warning systems, especially in arid and semiarid basins. In this study, we proposed a method for environmental flows regulation and early warning with remote sensing and land cover data and carried out a case study in the Yongding River Basin, which is a basin typical of arid and semiarid areas. The results show that from 2001 to 2014 the mean precipitation was 17.90 × 109 m3, and the mean water consumption was 19.42 × 109 m3, indicating that the basin water budget was clearly unbalanced and that there was an overall deficiency. Notably, from 2005 to 2014 and in 2014, the available consumable water was less than the water consumption required for human activities, which both showed a trend of further reduction; therefore, long-term and annual early warnings should have been issued. The methods applied in this study and the study outcomes could help in the development of comprehensive management and ecological restoration plans, further improving the ecological environments of river basins.

scholarly journals Development of an Algorithm for an Automatic Determination of the Soil Field Capacity Using of a Portable Weighing Lysimeter

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7203
Author(s):  
Manuel Soler-Méndez ◽  
Dolores Parras-Burgos ◽  
Adrián Cisterne-López ◽  
Estefanía Mas-Espinosa ◽  
Diego S. Intrigliolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Crop Water Consumption ◽  
Accurate Quantification ◽  
Agriculture Water ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

The challenge today is to optimize agriculture water consumption and minimize leaching of pollutants in agro-ecosystems in order to ensure a sustainable agriculture. The use of different technologies and the adoption of different irrigation strategies can facilitate efficient fertigation management. In this respect, the determination of soil field capacity point is of utmost importance. The use of a portable weighing lysimeter allows an accurate quantification of crop water consumption and water leaching, as well as the detection of soil field capacity point. In this work, a novel algorithm is developed to obtain the soil field capacity point, in order to give autonomy and objectivity to efficient irrigation management using a portable weighing lysimeter. The development was tested in field grown horticultural crops and proved to be useful for optimizing irrigation management.

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