Nutrition and Brain Development in Early Life

2015 ◽  
pp. 79-126
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Prado ◽  
Kathryn Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Early Life

scholarly journals Size at birth, lifecourse factors, and cognitive function in late life: findings from the MYsore study of Natal effects on Ageing and Health (MYNAH) cohort in South India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Murali Krishna ◽  
Ghattu V. Krishnaveni ◽  
Veena Sargur ◽  
Kalyanaraman Kumaran ◽  
Mohan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Early Life ◽  
South India ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Size At Birth

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine if smaller size at birth, an indicator of growth restriction in utero, is associated with lower cognition in late life, and whether this may be mediated by impaired early life brain development and/or adverse cardiometabolic programming. Design: Longitudinal follow-up of a birth cohort. Setting: CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital (HMH), Mysore South India. Participants: 721 men and women (55–80 years) whose size at birth was recorded at HMH. Approximately 20 years earlier, a subset (n = 522) of them had assessments for cardiometabolic disorders in mid-life. Measurements: Standardized measurement of cognitive function, depression, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors; blood tests and assessments for cardiometabolic disorders Results: Participants who were heavier at birth had higher composite cognitive scores (0.12 SD per SD birth weight [95% CI 0.05, 0.19] p = 0.001) in late life. Other lifecourse factors independently positively related to cognition were maternal educational level and participants’ own educational level, adult leg length, body mass index, and socioeconomic position, and negatively were diabetes in mid-life and current depression and stroke. The association of birth weight with cognition was independent cardiometabolic risk factors and was attenuated after adjustment for all lifecourse factors (0.08 SD per SD birth weight [95% CI −0.01, 0.18] p = 0.07). Conclusions: The findings are consistent with positive effects of early life environmental factors (better fetal growth, education, and childhood socioeconomic status) on brain development resulting in greater long-term cognitive function. The results do not support a pathway linking poorer fetal development with reduced late life cognitive function through cardiometabolic programming.

Targeting the gut microbiota to influence brain development and function in early life

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shugui Wang ◽  
Louise Harvey ◽  
Rocio Martin ◽  
Eline M. van der Beek ◽  
Jan Knol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Early Life ◽  
And Function

Early life predictors of brain development at term-equivalent age in infants born across the gestational age spectrum

NeuroImage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 813-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne K. Thompson ◽  
Claire E. Kelly ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Richard Beare ◽  
Bonnie Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Equivalent Age

scholarly journals Epigenetics of early-life lead exposure and effects on brain development

Epigenomics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Claude Senut ◽  
Pablo Cingolani ◽  
Arko Sen ◽  
Adele Kruger ◽  
Asra Shaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Early Life

Effect of early life supplementation of non-digestible oligosaccharides on brain development and behaviour in healthy mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S191
Author(s):  
K. Szklany ◽  
C.G.M. De Theije ◽  
C. De Waard ◽  
N.G. Van Staveren ◽  
T.A. Van Wageningen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Early Life

Early-Life Exposure to Cadmium Triggers Distinct Zn-Dependent Protein Expression Patterns and Impairs Brain Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safa Ben Mimouna ◽  
Marouane Chemek ◽  
Sana Boughammoura ◽  
Mohamed Banni ◽  
Imed Messaoudi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Dependent Protein

scholarly journals Rearing Environment and Longitudinal Brain Development in the Pig

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 903-903
Author(s):  
Joanne Fil ◽  
Sangyun Joung ◽  
Courtney Hayes ◽  
Ryan N Dilger
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Rearing Environment

Abstract Objectives Artificial rearing of pigs provides a number of advantages over conventional rearing (i.e., true maternal care), including careful control of nutrient intake and environment conditions. Yet there remains a gap in knowledge when comparing brain development between sow-reared and artificially-reared domestic pigs. Thus, our research sought to model brain development and assess recognition memory in a longitudinal manner by directly comparing rearing environments. Methods Forty-four intact (i.e., not castrated) male pigs were artificially-reared or sow-reared from postnatal day 2 until postnatal week 4. After postnatal week 4, all pigs were housed in a group setting within the same environment until postnatal week 24. Magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on pigs at 8 longitudinal time-points to model developmental trajectories of brain macrostrutural and microstructural outcomes. Additionally, pigs behavior were tested using the novel object recognition task at postnatal weeks 4 and 8. Results Throughout the 24-week study, no differences between rearing groups were noted in weekly body weights, average growth and feed intake patterns, or feed efficiency. Whole brain, grey matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid growth patterns also did not differ between pigs assigned to different early-life rearing environments. Moreover, minimal differences in regional absolute volumes and fractional anisotropy developmental trajectories were identified, though artificially-reared pigs exhibited higher initial rates of myelination in multiple brain regions compared with sow-reared pigs. Furthermore, behavioral assessment at both PNW 4 and 8 suggested little influence of rearing environment on recognition memory, however, an age-dependent increase in object recognition memory was observed in the sow-reared group. Conclusions Our findings suggest that early-life rearing environment has little influence on brain growth trajectories and behavior in the domestic pig. Artificial rearing may promote maturation in certain brain areas but does not appear to elicit long-term effects in outcomes including brain structure or behavior. Funding Sources The study was funded by Société des Produits Nestlé SA.

Effects of Maternal and Early-Life Anaemia on Child Brain Development: A South African Birth Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine J. Wedderburn ◽  
Jessica Ringshaw ◽  
Kirsten Donald ◽  
Shantanu Joshi ◽  
Sivenesi Subramoney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Birth Cohort Study
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